The clinicopathological study was performed on 80 patients with urinary bladder tumor between 1973 and 1983. The histopathological survey was carried out using preserved tumor specimen slide on the retrospective fashion, that included the growth pattern and vessel invasion. The results were as follows : 1. The tumor histology were papillary and nonpapillary in 70 %, and 30 %, respectively in growth pattern and 74 transitional cell carcinoma(TCC), 3 squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), 2 adenocarcinoma (AC) and 1 mucoepithermoid carcinoma in cell type. 2. The Fade of TCC, Go, G1. G2 and G3 were 1.4%, 36.5%, 39.2% and 22.9% respectively, and the stage of those, in which superficial tumors(pTis-pT1) and invasive tumors( pT2-pT4) were 57.0% and 30.8% respectively. The histopathological mode of local spread was to have strands, nests and individual cells in about one sixth, lymphatic invasion in about one third and venous invasion in about one fifth. 3. The intramural hispathological mode of local spread (INF alpha,beta, and alpha), lymphatic invasion ( lyo, 1 and 2) and venous invasion were highly significant with respect to the hispathological grade and stage, and also within mutual relationship on the other hand.
Adenocarcinoma ; Hand ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

To determine the concentration and the physiologic role of metal components in blood plasma and seminal plasma in relation to male infertility, the concentrations of twelve metal components in blood plasma and seminal plasma including Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Cd and Pb were measured by atomic absorbance spectrophotometery or ion selective electrode analysis. Semen and blood samples were obtained from a total of 110 men including 70 male infertility patients, 20 vasectomized persons and 20 fertility proven volunteers visited to the Male Infertility Clinic of Pusan National University Hospital. The concentrations of Ca, Zn, Mg, Cr and Cd in control group were higher in seminal plasma than in blood plasma, and additionally Pb were higher in infertility group. The concentrations of all metal components revealed no significant difference according to patients' age, resident, occupation, sperm density, motility and hormone level in blood plasma, but some metal components including Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb revealed a significant difference according to each these parameters except patient's age in seminal plasma. The concentrations of Mn, Cd and Pb in the vasectomy persons were higher than in the infertility group III including testicular and epididymal factors, but not in blood plasma. We conclude that the quantitative changes of metal components in the seminal plasma may have effects on not only spermatogenesis and sperm function, but also contribute to diagnostic parameter according to organ specificity of the metal in the male reproduction.
Busan ; Electrodes ; Fertility ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male ; Male* ; Occupations ; Organ Specificity ; Plasma ; Reproduction ; Semen* ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa ; Vasectomy ; Volunteers

Female pseudohermaphrodities are 46XX genetic females with normal Mullerian derivatives, but have various degrees of ambiguous external genitalia. While most of them are commonly associated with adrenogenital syndrome, some of them have been occasionally associated with maternal ingestion of testosterone or synthetic progestational agent, maternal virilizing tumor or rarely idiopathic. Herein, we present three cases of female pseudohermaphroditism which is unrelated with adrenogenital syndrome. One case is resulted from maternal ingestion of progestational agent during the first trimester of pregnancy, and the other idiopathic.
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development* ; Adrenogenital Syndrome ; Eating ; Female* ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Testosterone

PURPOSE: We evaluated the importance of redistribution and 24 hour reinjection images in Tl-201 SPECT assessment of myocardial viability after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed dipyridamole stress-4 hour redistribution-24 hour reinjection Tl-201 SPECT in 43 patients with recent AMI (4-16 days). The myocardium was divided into 16 segments and perfusion grade was measured visually with 4 point score from 0 to 3 (absent uptake to normal uptake). A perfusion defect with stress score 2 was considered moderate. A defect was considered severe if the stress score was 0 or l (absent uptake or severe perfusion decrease). Moderate defect on stress image were considered viable and segments with severe defect were considered viable if they showed improvement of 1 score or more on redistribution or reinjection images. We compared the results of viability assess-ment in stress-redistribution and stress-reinjection images. RESULTS: On visual analysis, 344 of 688 segments (50%) had abnormal perfusion. Fifty two (15%) had moderate perfusion defects and 292 (85%) had severe perfusion defects on stress image. Of 292 severe stress defects, 53 were irreversible on redistribution and reversible on reinjection images, and 15 were reversible on redistribution and irreversible on reinjection images. Two hundred twenty four of 292 segments (76.7%) showed concordant results on stress-redistribution and stress-reinjection images. Therefore 24 hour reinjection image changed viability status from necrotic to viable in 53 segments of 292 severe stress defect (18%). However, myocardial viability was underestimated in only 5% (15/292) of severe defects by 24 hour reinjection. CONCLUSION: The 24 hour reinjection imaging is useful in the assessment of rnyocardial viability. It is more sensitive than 4 hour redistribution imaging. However, both redistribution and reinjection images are needed since they complement each other.
Complement System Proteins ; Dipyridamole ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Perfusion ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

No abstract available.
Parathyroid Neoplasms*

As a part of ongoing effort to evaluate alternative treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH}. we compared the outcomes of transurethral resection of prostate(TURP) with those of open prostatectomy(OP). To identify effect of TURP on high mortality due to cardiac death. We compared long-term mortality and the causes of death after each surgical procedures. From Jan 1981 to Dec. 1990, surgical management was underwent on 338 patients with BPH in Pusan National University Hospital. Of 338 patients. survival was identified in 70 of OP group and 166 of TURP group. Direct interview was possible in 50 of OP group and 135 of TURP group. Mean age and follow-up were 69.8 years old and 89.5 months in OP group and 68.7 years old and 45.4 months in TURP group. Both OP and TURP were effective in improving subjective voiding symptoms including comprehensive symptom and Boyarsky symptom score, but, no significant difference was observed between them. Postoperative convalescence period was significantly shorter in TURP group compared to OP group. The incidence of sexual dysfunction including loss of libido and poor erection was similar between two surgical groups, but the incidence of retrograde ejaculation was higher in TURP group than OP group. Postoperative mortality and leading causes of death were no difference between two groups. Conclusively, we could not find the significant differences between OP group and TURP group as to symptom improvement, long-term mortality and morbidity, and effectiveness on patient`s consent. Although we confess that further evaluation is needed for precise and objective results, such results show postoperative improvement of voiding symptoms, quality of life and long-term outcomes that may not depend on surgical options.
Busan ; Cause of Death ; Convalescence ; Death ; Ejaculation ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Libido ; Male ; Mortality ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Quality of Life* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

We studied the usefulness of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as well as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) as marker of prostatic cancer in twelve cases of advanced prostatic cancer including 4 or stage C and 8 of stage D, 50 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 50 cases of nonprostatic diseases as normal control. The positive rates of PSA were 100% for prostatic cancer, 20% for BPH and O% for nonprostatic diseases, and those of PAP were 75% for prostate cancer, 8% for BPH and 2% for nonprostatic diseases. These results indicated hat PSA is more sensitive than PAP but less specific than PAP in diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Serum PSP level was correlated with the weight of prostate in BPH patients. Serum PSA level determined during the follow-up after endocrine therapy for prostatic cancer reflected the clinical course of the patients. Because of its relatively low specificity, PSA alone may not be useful for early diagnosis of prostatic cancer. If in combination with other diagnostic modalities, it may be useful in early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of prostatic cancer within restricted limits.
Acid Phosphatase ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUND: The intravenous thrombolysis is a well established treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, baseline prognostic factors were poorly identified by previous studies. METHODS: From January 2001 to May 2006, prospective data of 121 patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) were collected. The clinical, radiologic, transcranial Dopper (TCD) and laboratory finding were evaluated. Clinical assessment was done by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for one week, and by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at baseline for three months. Early improvement was defined as the complete resolution of the neurological deficit or an improvement of > or =4 points by NIHSS within 24 hours, and good outcome as mRS score of < or =2 at three months. We assessed the possible relationship of the factors with early improvement and good outcome, and also analyzed the correlation of TCD grade with NIHSS score. RESULTS: On univariate analysis, younger age, absence of abnormal CT findings (hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign [HMCAS], focal hypodensity >33% of total MCA territory) were significantly associated with early improvement. Good outcome was associated with younger age, lower levels of baseline NIHSS score, mean blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipoprotein (a), and normal CT finding. Multivariate analysis revealed age <66 years and no HMCAS as independent predictors of early improvement. Thrombolysis in brain ischemia grade by TCD monitoring significantly correlated with NIHSS score for 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that younger age and normal CT findings are important prognostic factors of acute thrombolytic therapy.
Blood Pressure ; Brain Ischemia ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Humans ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Multivariate Analysis ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke* ; Thrombolytic Therapy* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Changes in the state of water in senile cataractous lenses at the different stages of the maturation of cataract were investigated. Senile cataracts of 34 eyes were divided into 4 groups according to degree of lens opacity. Intracapsular cataract extraction was performed and wet weight, dry weight and water content of the cataractous lenses were measured. In incipient and immature cataract, wet weight was 197.4 +/- 20.6mg, dry weight 66.2 +/- 8.2mg and water content 130.6 +/- 15.2mg(66.2%). In mature and hyper mature cataracts, wet weight was 240.8 +/- 39.3mg, dry weight 53.4 +/- 8.3mg and water content 176.3 +/- 37.5mg(73.2%). Wet weight and water content were significantly increased and dry weight was significantly decreased with the maturation of cataract. Sexual differences of wet weight, dry weight and water content were not significant.
Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Water*

To investigate tumor heterogeneity and the relationship between DNA ploidy and histopathological parameters. flow cytometric assessments were performed on fifteen control bladders and 77 transitional cell carcinomas of bladder confirmed histopathologically. Between August 1984 and July 1990 in Pusan National University Hospital. 31 TUR surgeries and 46 total cystectomies were done and are included in this series. The cystectomized specimens were topographically evaluated with bladder mapping method ; 146 multiple formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks (1-6 blocks with s mean of 3.0) were selected from the histologically different sites including main exophytic mass. concomitant carcinoma in situ. and neighboring normal bladder epithelium. Thirty one TUR blocks (one per case) with histopathological reviews were selected. The results were as follows 1. Flow cytometry positive rates revealed 58.1% in the TUR group and 76.1% in the cystecbmy group 2. Flow cytometry positive rates according to histopathological stage revealed 43.8% and 73.3% of Ta and T1. respectively, in the TUR group, so that in T1 the positive rate is nearly twice that of Ta. Flow cytometry positive rates revealed 100.0%, 70.0%. 100.0%, 66.6% and 77.8% of Tis. T1. T2. T3 and T4, respectively. in the cystectomy group, so that no significant differences were observed between each T-category.3. Flow cytometry positive rates according to histopathological grade revealed 38.5%, 70.6% and 100.0% or grade I, II and III in the TUR group. and O%, 68.0% and 90.0% in the cystectomy group. respectively. So positive rates proportionally increased with up-grading in both TUR end cystectomy groups. 4. Intratumoral ploidy heterogeneity of main exophytic mass in the cystectomy group was in 58.3%, and intertumoral ploidy heterogeneity between main exophytic mass and concomitant carcinoma in situ was 51.7%. 5. DNA ploidy assessment of nontumorous mucosa was thought to provide valuable information for the comprehension of natural history in bladder cancer. 6. DNA ploidy had a significant relationship with the recurrence rates in the TUR group, but was not correlated with the survival rates in contrast to grade and stage in the cystectomy group.According to the above results, we thought that flow cytometric DNA assessment was valuable in evaluating the multicentricity in origin with heterogeneity and to predict the malignant potential as an adjunct of the histopathological factors in bladder cancer.
Busan ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Comprehension ; Cystectomy ; DNA* ; Epithelium ; Flow Cytometry ; Mucous Membrane ; Natural History ; Ploidies ; Population Characteristics ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*