No abstract available.

No abstract available.

The patients initially underwent epikeratoplasty for keratoconus but a penetrating kerato plasty was required due to the opacity in the cornea. By using of this specimen, which was obtained by trephination the healing process of the host-Ienticule cornea could be examined by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence method. Epithelial ingrowth over the lenticule was well formed by the regeneration of the basement membrane over the Bowman's membrane. However, the poor attachment of the lenticule over the host corneal stroma made the interface easily separated during the sectioning processes. Electron microscopic study revealed the keratocytes in the lenticule stroma vacuolized with large number of degenerated microorganelles. These results suggest that it may take a long time to complete the wound healing of the host-Ienticule interface despite the epithelial ingrowth onto the lenticule was well formed.
Basement Membrane ; Bowman Membrane ; Cornea ; Corneal Stroma ; Epikeratophakia* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; Microscopy, Electron ; Regeneration ; Trephining ; Wound Healing

Neurenteric cyst(enterogenous cyst) is a rare congenital lesion, usually affecting the lower cervical or upper thoracic areas, and its occurrence in cranial vault is even rarer. We present a patient with intracranial neurenteric cyst anterior to the pons and medulla oblongata. A 40-year old man presented with two-month history of occipital headache and facial spasm. The cyst was decompressed via far lateral suboccipital approach, and the patient recovered without permanent neurological deficits. Features on imaging studies and histological findings are discussed with the review of the literatures.
Adult ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior* ; Headache ; Humans ; Medulla Oblongata ; Neural Tube Defects* ; Pons ; Spasm

Clinical chemotherapy refractoriness is characterized by resistance to multiple drugs. Multidrug resistance(MDR) is caused by over-reactivity of a unidirectional drug efflux pump, transmembrane glycoprotein(P-glycoprotein), which is encoded by the MDR1 gene. P-glycoprotein leads to increased drug efflux and decreased intracellular drug concentration. Clinical trials that attempt to reverse or modulate MDR have been done. Cyclosporin-A and verapamil are the most extensively studied agents and several trials of cyclosporin-A as a MDR modulator have been reported. We report a case of an 8-year-old girl with acute mixed type leukemia who failed to respond 3 times to remission-induction therapy. It led us to conclude she had multidrug resistance. We tried a fourth induction chemotherapy including cytarabine, idarubicin and 6-thioguanine to which cyclosporin-A was added. Then, she showed signs of severe bone marrow depression and fulminant perianal cellulitis. But she recovered and successfully achieved complete remission. The addition of cyclosporine could be useful in achieving complete remission for cases of acute leukemia that resist to usual chemotherapy. Futher observation including more cases will be needed to assess long-term survival and efficacy of adding cyclosporine.
Bone Marrow ; Cellulitis ; Child ; Cyclosporine ; Cytarabine ; Depression ; Drug Resistance ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Idarubicin ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Leukemia* ; P-Glycoprotein ; Thioguanine ; Verapamil

BACKGROUND: This case-control study concerns a molecular biological method based on the data gathered from a group of Korean subjects to examine the distribution of Malassezia yeasts in seborrheic dermatitis (SD) patients. Cultures for Malassezia yeasts were taken from the foreheads, cheeks and chests of 60 patients with SD and in 60 healthy controls of equivalent age. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between certain species of Malassezia and SD. This was done by analyzing the differences in the distribution of Malassezia species in terms of age and body parts of the host with healthy controls. METHODS: 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP, a fast and accurate molecular biological method, was used to overcome the limits of morphological and biochemical methods. RESULTS: The positive Malassezia culture rate was 51.7% in patients with SD, which was lower than that of healthy adults (63.9%). M. restricta was dominant in patients with SD (19.5%). Likewise, M. restricta was identified as a common species (20.5%) in healthy controls. In the ages 31~40, M. restricta was found to be the most common species (31.6%) among SD patients. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the study, the most frequently isolated species was M. restricta (19.5%) in patients with SD. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of Malassezia species between the SD patients and healthy control groups.
Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cheek ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Forehead ; Human Body ; Humans ; Malassezia ; Thorax ; Yeasts

Hepatoblastoma is a hepatic tumor predominantly occurring in children. The usual site of metastasis is the lung. There are only several reports worldwide on the distant metastasis of hepatoblastoma to the central nervous system in children. Only one reported case showed survival of a patient after multiple resections of a recurrent brain lesion. Involvement of the cardiovascular system has been reported in the medical literature. Lesions almost always involve the right-side of the heart. We report a case of recurrent hepatoblastoma at multiple sites, including brain, left atrium of the heart and lung in a 6-year-old girl who was partially treated in the past at the age of 1.5 years; the patient had been event-free for four and a half years.
Brain* ; Cardiovascular System ; Central Nervous System ; Child ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart* ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Humans ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

PURPOSE: There are few reports in Korean literature on the diagnostic efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) for pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy. This study examined the diagnostic value of FNAC on cervical lymphadenopathy in children. METHODS: Data from 57 pediatric patients(aged 0.3 to 14 years) who underwent FNAC due to cervical lymphadenopathy between January 2001 and March 2005 was reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Reactive cervical lymphadenitis was the most common result of the FNAC(52.5 percent). Malignant disease were revealed in 14 percent of all cases. The sensitivity, specificity was 86 percent and 96 percent, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values for malignant disease was 75 percent and 98 percent, respectively. There were two false-positive cases on FNAC; one case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and another with infectious mononucleosis. A false-negative case on FNAC was found to be acute lymphocytic leukemia. In seven cases(12 percent), the final diagnosis was confirmed by an open biopsy after the FNAC. There were four FNAC cases where the specimen was not satisfactory for making a diagnosis(7 percent). There were no serious complications of the FNAC procedure. CONCLUSION: FNAC had a high diagnostic efficacy for evaluating children with cervical lymphadenopathy.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphatic Diseases* ; Neck ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Reticulated acropigmentation of Dohi (RAD), dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria, is the localized acral form of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria that has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. RAD is characterized by the mixed hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules and its bilaterally symmetrical distribution on the back of the hands and feet, wrists, knees, and elbows. The presented case is a 18-year-old female had relatively well demarcated symmetric hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules and patches on dorsa of hands and feet, forearms, lower legs and face. These pigmentations at first appeared at 3 years old on dorsa of her fingers and toes, thereafter these pigmentations spread progressively to the proximal portion of her body. Her pedigree shows autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Histologically, there is markedly decreased basal pigmentation with preserved melanocytes. Immunohistochemical stain for the Melan-A revealed both areas of either decreased or increased Melan-A positive melanocytes in basal layer, which suggests that Reticulated acropigmentation of Dohi is a genetic disorder of functional derangement of melanocytes.
Adolescent ; Elbow ; Female ; Fingers ; Foot ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hypopigmentation ; Knee ; Leg ; MART-1 Antigen ; Melanocytes ; Pedigree ; Pigmentation ; Pigmentation Disorders ; Skin Diseases, Genetic ; Toes ; Wills ; Wrist

BACKGROUND: Fractional photothermolysis makes thousands of minute areas called microthermal treatment zones on the skin surface and transmits thermal injury to facilitate heat shock protein formation around the dermis. Potential side effects include acneiform eruption, herpes simplex virus outbreak, erythema, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the changes in the skin of Asian patients after two different fractional photothermolysis systems (FPS) on a split face. METHODS: A half-split face study was performed with 10,600 nm carbon dioxide FPS on the left and 1,550 nm erbium-doped FPS on the right side of the face. Only one session of laser irradiation and several biophysical measurements were done. RESULTS: Although both FPS proved to be effective in treating acne scar and wrinkle patients, a slightly higher satisfaction rating was seen with the 10,600 nm FPS treatment. Both types of FPS showed a significant increase in transepidermal water loss which decreased gradually after treatment and returned to pre-treatment level after 1 week. A decreased reviscometer score was sustained for a longer period in wrinkle areas treated with 10,600 nm FPS. CONCLUSION: Even though the changes in skin varied according to different FPS wave-length, adverse outcomes, such as increased erythema and TEWL were entirely subdued within 3 months of treatment.
Acne Vulgaris ; Acneiform Eruptions ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carbon Dioxide ; Cicatrix ; Dermis ; Erythema ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; Methylmethacrylates ; Polystyrenes ; Simplexvirus ; Skin ; Water Loss, Insensible