No abstract available.
Orientia tsutsugamushi* ; Rickettsia* ; Ulsan*

Occupational dermatosis is one of the most prevalent occupational disorders. However, the extent of the occupational dermatoses including incidences and prevalencies of each disease entity, and etiologic materials are not yet well stated in Korea. Authors reviewed the literatures on the statistic data and reports on the occupational dermatoses, and surveyed on the occupational dermatoses in two factories, and surveyed the physicians responsible to the occupational dermatoses with formed questionnaire. The results are as follows; 1. Among medical journals published since 1964, there were 31 articles on the occupational dermatoses. Of 31 articles, 18 were case reports and all others were review articles. Of 18 case reports, 9 were epidemiologic survey. The Workers' Periodic Health Examinations revealed that prevalence of the occupational dermatoses was highest(4.36 per 10,000 workers) in 1974, but number of the cases reported were decreased sharply since 1978 with some tendency to increase since 1987. There were 2,240 reported cases of occupational dermatoses between 1966 and 1992, which is 1.90% of all the reported occupational diseases. Skin infection and injuries due to chemicals were most frequent and there were 6 cases of skin cancer. 2. In an epidemiological survey on the dermatoses among 995 workers in a metal product manufacturing factory and 225 workers with acne, 130 workers with scar, 123 workers with deformity of toe nails. Scars, photosensitivity dermatitis, deformity of finger and toe nails, and acne were more prevalent in the metal product manufacturing factory(p<0.05). In the metal product manufacturing factory, workers treating organic solvents and oils had more dermatoses than those without treating the materials(p<0.05). On the skin patch performed on 16 workers in the metal product manufacturing factory, there were 8 cases of irritation dermatitis and 5 cases of contact dermatitis. Prevalence of contact dermatitis in the metal product manufacturing factory was 1.3%. 3. On the questionnaire survey, 34 dermatologists, 29 doctors of preventive medicine, and 22 family physician replied. The proportion of occupational etiology among all dermatoses assumed by the physicians were below 9%, and the most important occupational dermatosis in Korea was contact dermatitis. Main etiologic materials related to the occupational dermatosis were organic solvent, acid and alkali, and metals. The reason for the scarcity of report of occupational dermatoses were difficulty in diagnosis and physician's ignorance of the occupational etiology. They replied that to prevent the occupational dermatosis in the workplace, the use of protective devices was most important, and development of diagnostic criteria on the occupational dermatoses is urgent. Above results shows us that there is many workers with occupational dermatoses, but they are mostly unreported. Measures to prevent and manage the occupational dermatoses are not satisfactory at present. Hence, authors suggest measures for the precises diagnosis, report and prevention of the occupational dermatoses. a. Dernatikigustm orevebtuve physician, and industrial hygienist should work as a team to examine the high risk group and establish the preventive measures. b. Disease entities, diagnostic criteria of occupational dermatoses should be listed, criteria for the compensation and job fitting at recruitment should be established, and manual for the proper treatment and effective prevention of each occupational dermatosis should be developed. c. Patch test antigens against each occupational category should be developed and it should be available to any physicians responsible. d. To facilitate the diagnosis of occupational dermatoses by the doctors responsible for the Workers' Periodic Health Examination, development of standardized questionnaire, education on the techniques of the patch test, and cooperation with the dermatologist in diagnosis of occupational dermatoses is essential.
Acne Vulgaris ; Alkalies ; Cicatrix ; Compensation and Redress ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Fingers ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Metals ; Occupational Diseases ; Oils ; Patch Tests ; Physicians, Family ; Prevalence ; Preventive Medicine ; Protective Devices ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Skin ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin Neoplasms ; Solvents ; Toes

The structure of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor's CAR is similar to adhesion molecules. In the adult heart, the majority of CAR localizes at the intercalated disc. Germ line CAR deletion induces embryonic lethality at E11.5 with evidence of a cardiac abnormality. The CAR role as a viral receptor is well known; however, its precise function in the heart for enterovirus infection is not clear. To understand the role of CAR in the cardiac myocyte, we generated cardiac-specific CAR knockout mice using a CAR floxed allele and alpha-MHC-Mer CRE Mer mice. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescent stain of ventricles at 6 weeks after 2 weeks tamoxifen administration, CAR expression was significantly decreased in CAR(f/f) MCM mice but not in CAR(f/f) mice heart. Enterovirus was intraperitoneally infected into CAR(f/f) MCM and CAR(f/f) mice (n=10 each). CAR disruption was dramatically reduced virus infection and replication in the heart but not different in liver, spleen, and pancreas. Cardiac myocyte damage was significantly reduced in the CAR(f/f) MCM mutant mice by evans blue dye stain. In addition, the CAR(f/f) MCM mutant mice heart inflammation and fibrosis were decreased in H&E and trichrome stain compare to CAR(f/f) control mice. CAR expression was required for normal ventricular function, but it is the cause of enterovirus infection. In the adult mice heart, CAR deletion was significantly reduced viral infection, proliferation, and myocarditis. These results suggested that CAR deletion could be useful therapeutic strategy to prevent viral myocarditis.
Adenoviridae ; Adult ; Alleles ; Animals ; Azo Compounds ; Blotting, Western ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus Infections ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Evans Blue ; Fibrosis ; Germ Cells ; Heart ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Liver ; Methyl Green ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Myocarditis ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Pancreas ; Receptors, Virus ; Spleen ; Tamoxifen ; Ventricular Function ; Viruses

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) has been used as a very sensitive marker of cardiac injury caused by ischaemia, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy. After cardiac injury, the fetal cTnT isoform expression in the heart and serum cTnT increases. To investigate the increased levels of serum cTnT, and the expression of fetal cTnT isoform in the heart, that can predict myocardial injury, we measured serum cTnT levels and the fetal cTnT isoform expression at various time points during the early phase of myocardial toxicity induced by adriamycin (ADR) in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected, intraperitoneally, with ADR (5 mg/kg) twice a week for 2 weeks. Control rats were injected with saline. Serum cTnT levels were measured by ELISA. The ratio of fetal/adult (F/A) cTnT isoform expression (%) was semi-quantified by RT-PCR using total RNA from frozen hearts. RESULTS: Serum cTnT levels did not increase by 1 week after ADR injection, but increased significantly after 2 weeks. The ratio of F/A cTnT in the heart significantly increased from day 1, peaked at 1 week and persisted until the end of 2 week. CONCLUSION: The expression of the fetal cTnT isoform occurred from 1 day after ADR injection when the serum cTnT levels were still normal. Although the serum cTnT level is a very sensitive, and an early marker, of cardiac damages, the fetal cTnT isoform expression in the endomyocardial biopsy specimen may be a more sensitive and an earlier marker in the ADR-induced myocardial damage.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; Doxorubicin ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Myocarditis ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RNA ; Troponin T* ; Troponin*

OBJECTIVE: Uterine sarcomas are rare and characterized by rapid clinical progression and poor prognosis. The manegement of uterine sarcoma has been challenged. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic findings and outcome of patients with uterine sarcoma METHODS: From Sep. 1990 to July. 1999, 8 patients with histologically proven uterine sarcoma at department of obstetrics and gynecology of Chonbuk University Hospital were evaluated for their clinical profiles and survival retrospectively RESULTS: The age of patients with uterine sarcoma ranged 31 to 60, and the mean age was 46 years. The most common pathologic type of uterine sarcoma was leiomyosarcoma. The common presenting symptom were irregular uterine bleeding, hypermenorrhea and lower abdominal palpable mass. The patients with uterine sarcoma were treated by surgery, post-operative radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The mean follow up duration was 34.1 months. The 2 year survival rate was 50%. Distant metastasis were reveled at two patients, and the sites are lung and brain. CONCLUSIONS: Uterine sarcomas are aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. The Major treatment is surgery and the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy were undetermined.
Brain ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Lung ; Menorrhagia ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Obstetrics ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma* ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Hemorrhage

OBJECTIVES: An outbreak of food poisoning occurred among the baseball club students at a high school in Ulsan city in 2014. An epidemiological investigation was carried out to examine the infection source and the transmission route of pathogen, and to prevent a recurrence. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted for 26 male students and 2 food handlers. Rectal swabs were examined in 7 students and the 2 food handlers, and an environmental investigation was performed. A retrospective cohort study was used to evaluate the association between risk factors and disease. RESULTS: The attack rate was 35.7% (10 persons/28 persons) from June 9 to 14, and Enterotoxigenic E. coli ST/LT was isolated from 7 among 28 persons. The study revealed that no food was a significant risk factor for the outbreak. There were no connection between environmental factors and the outbreak. CONCLUSIONS: The major risk factors for this outbreak were presumed to be the contaminated ice cube and ice making machines and eating ice cube from the machines. More strict personal and environmental hygiene need to be enforced to prevent such outbreaks.
Baseball* ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Outbreaks ; Eating ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli* ; Food Contamination ; Foodborne Diseases ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Ice ; Male ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Ulsan ; Surveys and Questionnaires

It has been previously demonstrated that dystrophin is cleaved in the cardiac myocyte by the viral protease 2A following infection with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). The viral protease 2A mediated cardiomyopathy can be prevented by inhibiting cleavage of dystrophin. However, it is less clear whether uncleaved dysdrophin have other heart protective effect in coxsackievirus infection. To address this, we generated a Balb/C background mouse that had a point mutation in dystrophin that prevents cleavage by protease 2A (KI). We show here that when mice expressing cleavage-resistant dystrophin were infected with CVB3, there was increased cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Bax and Bcl-X(L) mRNA ratio was significantly increased in KI mice heart compare to wild type mice heart. We found cleavage-resistant dystrophin induced the apoptosis related enzyme capspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. In addition, TUNEL stain was observed many TUNEL positive cardiac myocyte in KI mice heart compare to wild type mice heart (3.7% vs 0.3%). However, zVAD treatment for apoptosis blocking was significantly decreased myocardium damage and fibrosis in KI mice heart. These findings indicated that uncleaved dystrophin may have a critical role in cardiac myocyte viral propagation. Uncleaved dystrophin mutant induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis. It delayed coxsackievirus propagation in cardiac myocyte and could prevent cardiac myocyte death.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Cardiomyopathies ; Caspase 8 ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; Dystrophin* ; Fibrosis ; Heart* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Mice* ; Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac* ; Point Mutation ; RNA, Messenger

In order to observe the changes in left ventricular function during coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion, left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries in the anesthetized dogs were occluded for 1 hour and then reperfused for 4 hours. Hemodynamic indexes of global systolic and diastolic function and regional wall thickness changes as a regional contractile index were measured during occlusion and reperfusion. The results were as follows; 1) Indexes of global systolic function (left ventricular peak systolic pressure, peak positive dP/dt) and global diastolic function (peak negative dP/dt, time constant, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) showed deterioration in early occlusion period (10-30 minutes) but gradually improved even if coronary occlusion persisted. Reperfusion did not induce significant changes except that peak positive dP/dt transiently deteriorated 30 minutes after reperfusion and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased 1.5-2 hours after reperfusion. 2) Indexed of regional function (i.e, end-diastolic thickness and % systolic thickening of anterior left ventricular wall) deteriorated by 10 minutes' occlusion which persisted during the entire occlusion period. Reperfusion induced no significant improvement in regional contractile function compared with occlusion 60 minutes' data, which suggested reperfusion for 4 hours after 1 hour's LAD occlusion may be insufficient for the ischemic region to recover its contractility. 3) Reperfusion arrhythmia (ventricular tachycardia) was noted in most (6/9) of the dogs, one of which deteriorated into ventricular fibrillation and the others spontaneously converted to normal sinus rhythm.
Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dogs ; Hemodynamics ; Reperfusion* ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; Ventricular Function, Left*

We report a case of prostatic abscess in a 46-year old man with chronic myelocytic leukemia. Preoperative transrectal ultrasonography and computerized tomography confirmed the diagnosis of prostatic abscess, which was treated with pus drainage via transurethral resection of prostate and broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Abscess* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Middle Aged ; Suppuration ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Ultrasonography

This essay illustrates the various CT findings of the hepatic venous invasion of the hepatocellular carcinoma with an anglographic correlation. The thrombosed hepatic vein is directly visualized as a dilated tubular structure or multiple nodules of the similar attenuation to that of the parenchymal tumor, connecting the parenchymal tumor and the inferior vena cava on contrast enhanced CT scans. Enhancement of the thrombosed vein on spiral CT scans obtained in early arterial phase can suggest thrombosis caused by tumor invasion rather than a simple thrombosis. When the thrombosed hepatic vein is not directly visualized and replaced by a large tumor, the tumor thrombi within the inferior vena cava or right atrium can suggest the presence of the hepatic venous invasion.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Heart Atria ; Hepatic Veins* ; Thrombosis ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior