A clinical study was made on the 28 cases underwent prostatectomy during the 5 year-period from 1964 to 1968. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The patient underwent prostatectomy revealed increasing tendency in incidence, residual urine in average and being usually in the age range between 60 and 70 years. 2. The degree of prostatic enlargement was mostly grade 11 on rectal palpation and the removed prostate was 49. 3gm. in average weight. 3. Blood loss attributable to the operative manipulation was 1143 cc. in average. The patients underwent prostatectomy were discharged on the average 21.3 days postoperatively in which postoperative indwelling catheter was left in place for 15.3 days in average. 4. Postoperatively the convalescence was uneventful and the residual urine was disappeared or decreased markedly. 5. In the patients underwent prostatectomy via retropubic approach operative blood loss was mild and postoperative duration of indwelling catheterization was short as compared to that via the suprapubic approach. 6. No serious complication other than epididymitis developed in a few patients was observed postoperatively. 7. Suprapubic prostatectomy was found to be suitable for the patient with marked prostatic enlargement while the retropubic one yielded less tissue damage and somewhat rapid postoperative convalescence as compared to the former.
Catheters, Indwelling ; Convalescence ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Epididymitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy*

57 cases of portal vein thrombosis detected by ultrasonography were analized. The results were as follows: 1.Most common cause was hepatocellular carcinoma, showing 49 out of 57 cases(86%). 2. Sonographic findings revealedechogenic thrombus in the dilated portal vein. Echogenecity of thrombus was similar to the surrounding liverparenchyma, Thrombus was mainly located in the intrahepatic branch and main portal vein. 3. The location ofthrombus in hepatocellular carcinoma was related to the location of tumor, and frequently extended to the mainportal vein(68.9%). Incidence of thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma revealed 49 out of 157 cases, butprospective study showed 42 out of 84 cases(50%). Thrombosis was more common in large sized ill-defined diffuseinfiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma. 4. CT(only 15 cases analyzed) findings revealed low density in the portalvein in all the cases and periportal enhancement in 10 cases on post-enhanced scan. 5. Collateral circulationswere largely detected at the porta hepatis and gallblader fossa. The detection rate was lower on theultrasonography than on the CT or angiography.
Angiography ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Incidence ; Portal Vein ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography ; Venous Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Brain Stem* ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Infant*

The authers describe a case of huge tentorial meningioma in 32 year old female patient. Her clinical complaints were bifrontal headache and visual impairment. CT scan revealed huge supratentorial and infratentorial enhanced tumor mass. The tumor mass was removed in one stage.
Adult ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Meningioma* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vision Disorders

BACKGROUND: Coronary blood flow shows phasic and diastolic dominant flow pattern in normal coronary artery, which can be changed in coronary artery stenosis. We measured and analysed coronary blood flow velocity by Doppler-tipped guidewire to clarify the change of flow pattern in the proximal and distal segments of coronary narrowings. METHODS: Coronary flow velocity were measured by 0.018 or 0.014 inch Doppler-tipped guidewire in 14 paients, 17 sites(LCS 11, RCA 6) in the proximal and distal segment of coronary narrowings, during coronary angiography or coronary angioplasty after bolus intracoronary infusion of 20microg nitroglycerine. Coronary flow reserve also measured after adenosine intracoronary infusion(LCA 12gmicrog, RCA 6microg). Perent stenosis of coronary artery was measured by digital cailper in 2 different projections and averaged. RESULTS: 1) The was no significant correlation between percent stenosis and proximal distal velocity ratio(P/D) ration(r=0.56. P>0.05). 2) Average peak velocity(APV, cm/sec) and diastolic artery, respectively(p<0.01) Distal APV was significantly lower than proximal APV(p<0.01) but DSVR showed no significant difference(P>0.01). 3) Coronary flow reserve(CFR) was significantly lower in significant coronary stenotic patients compared to insignificant stenotic patients(1.8 vs 3.6, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Coronary flow velocity measurement by Doppler dipped guidewire gave us physiologic information. We think it could be used as an important tool to assess the significance of the intermediate coronary narrowings and the effect of conorary angioplasty.
Adenosine ; Angioplasty ; Arteries ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans ; Nitroglycerin

Budd-Chiari syndrome is acute or subacute occlusion of the hepatic vein and IVC, The occlusion of hepatic veins often reveals dramatic illness characterized by abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly and a poor prognosis. Several recent reports have suggested that balloon dilatation may be effective in Budd-Chiari syndrome. We experienced a case of Budd-Chiari syndrome with IVC web which was successfully treated with balloon dilatation. We report the case here with a brief review of literature,
Abdominal Pain ; Ascites ; Budd-Chiari Syndrome* ; Dilatation* ; Hepatic Veins ; Hepatomegaly ; Prognosis

The authors experienced a case of myoglobinuria accompanied by generalized myalgia and mild fever that developed 3 hours 30 minutes after general anesthesia. Tracheal intubation was done smoothly 5 minutes after injection of thiopental sodium(275 mg) and pancuronium bromide(6 mg), and anesthesia was maintained with ethrane/N2O/O2(1.5-2%/21/21/min). There was no specific event except tachycardia and fluctuation of blood pressure throughout operation. In this case, we assume that the myoglobinuria is a presentation of the sign of an abortive type of malignant hyperthermia. However, it was not confirmed. We had good patient outeome with the supportive measures of hydration and diuresis. The patient was discharged twenty three days after operation without any complication.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Pressure ; Diuresis ; Fever ; Humans ; Intubation ; Malignant Hyperthermia ; Myalgia ; Myoglobinuria* ; Pancuronium ; Tachycardia ; Thiopental

We investigated the association between the oxidative stress and the concentration of heavy metals in blood among welders. The study subjects were male manual CO2 welders(N=127) exposed to several heavy metals. The age distribution was from 20 to 63 (GM=33.7) and the geometric mean(GM) of work duration was 4.2 years. We analyze the level of blood lead, cadmium, managese and chromium which was related with the oxidative stress in the animal studies. Blood selenuim, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma alpha-tocopheol and orythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed as biological markers of the oxidative stress. The results of univariate analysis showed that the plasma MDA was significantly correlated with D-tocopherol (r=0.327) and blood selenium (r=0.313) concentration. But we could not find out any relationship between the erythrocyte SOD activities and those metal concentrations. Neither smoking nor alcohol consumption was related to the level of heavy metals and the oxidative stress biomarkers. As the results of multiple regression analysis with stepwise selection method, 1) the change of MDA level were dependant with the level of alpha-tocopherol and blood selenium concentration (R2=19.7), 2) the plasma alpha-tocopherol level was dependant with MDA and blood chromium concentration (R2=15.6), 3) in case of erythrocyte SOD activity, only the duration of work was significantly selected.
Age Distribution ; Alcohol Drinking ; alpha-Tocopherol* ; Animals ; Biological Markers ; Cadmium ; Chromium ; Erythrocytes* ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde* ; Metals, Heavy* ; Oxidative Stress ; Plasma* ; Selenium ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

Objective: To investigate the suitability of citrus-press cakes, by-products of the juice industry as a source for the whitening agents for cosmetic industry.
Methods:Ethylacetate extracts of citrus-press cakes (CCE) were examined for their anti-melanogenic potentials in terms of the inhibition of melanin production and mechanisim of melanogenesis by using Western Blot analysis with tyrosinese, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), TRP2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) proteins. To apply the topical agents, citrus-press cakes was investigated the safety in human skin cell line. Finally flavonoid analysis of CCE was also determined by HPLC analysis.
Results: Results indicated that CCE were shown to down-regulate melanin content in a dose-dependent pattern. The CCE inhibited tyrosinase, TRP-2, and MITF expressions in a dose-dependent manner. To test the applicability of CCE to human skin, we used MTT assay to assess the cytotoxic effects of CCE on human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. The CCE exhibited low cytotoxicity at 50 μg/mL. Characterization of the citrus-press cakes for flavonoid contents using HPLC showed varied quantity of rutin, narirutin, and hesperidin.
Conclusions:Considering the anti-melanogenic activity and human safety, CCE is considered as a potential anti-melanogenic agent and may be effective for topical application for treating hyperpigmentation disorders.

BACKGROUND: Owing to the fact that the average life span has increased and the progress in medical science has been made, the number of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) who have to take hemodialysis (HD) has been going up gradually. Accordingly, it is considered to be as a significant issue to obtain blood vessels which can be used repetitively and supply enough blood flows. Therefore, there have been various kinds of study on an inosculation rate andfactors influencing it following an arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) and lots of studies are ongoing for the purpose of escalating the inosculation rate. The authors analyzed the effects of short-term result, age, sex, diabetes and hypertension on arteriovenous inosculations in 134 anatomical snuffbox operated subjects among the patients who have taken an AV fistula at this center. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Based on 134 patients who underwent an AV fistula at the department of thoracic surgery of this center from July, 2000 to May, 2004, the difference in arteriovenous inosculation rate was compared and analyzed depending on age (discriminated by 65-year-old), sex and the condition of the presence or absence of diabetes and hypertension. Correlation analyses were conducted for each parameter and statistical tests were performed by using SPSS for windows Release 11.0.1, which were determined to be statistically significant if p value was below 0.05. RESULT: The total number of operations was 169 including 35 of re-operations. The male/female rate was 70:64 (52%:48%). The average age was 56.3+/-12.26 years and there were 33 (24%) old aged patients above 65-year-old; there were 103 (71%) patients with hypertension and 90 (67%) patients with diabetes. Overall arteriovenous inosculation rate was 93+/-2.4%, 91+/-2.7%, 89+/-3.0% at 6, 12, 24 months, respectively. The arteriovenous inosculation rate of above 65-year-old patient group was 85+/-4.8%, 80+/-5.8%, 80+/-5.8% and below 64-year-old patient group's was 85+/-4.8%, 80+/-5.8%, 80+/-5.8% at given time points, respectively, which showed higher inosculation rate in below 64-year-old patient group with a statistical significance (p=0.0034). However, no statistical significance was found between the patients with hypertension and diabetes and the patients with no complication. In addition, there was no statistical significance in inosculation rate between male and female. CONCLUSION: The arteriovenous inosculation ratewas higher in the treated patient below 64-year-old than in the treated patient above 65-year-old. Thus it is advantageous for increase in long-term inosculation rate to obtain hemodialysis routes at an early age. The conditions of sex and the presence or absence of diabetes and hypertension do not make statistically significant effect on the arteriovenous inosculation rate.
Aged ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Blood Vessels ; Female ; Fistula ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis ; Thoracic Surgery