No abstract available.
Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Hematoma* ; Orbit*

Perioperative surgical stress makes various metabolic and endocrinologic changes that may influence the postoperative outcome. These changes, so-called, "surgical stress responses" ar hyperglycemia, lipolysis, negative nitrogen balance due to proteolysis, and changes in the hormonal secretion, e.g. increased release of ACTH, prolactin, cortisol, catecholamine, and so on. To prevent these stress responses, many studies reported some kinds of effective methods. In these study we used general anesthesia combined with epidural blockade with local anesthetic(bupivacaine) and narcotic(fentanyl) mixture via epidural catheter for the total abdominal hysterectomy and the postoperative pain control(group II). We measured serum prolactin and cortisol concentrations by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and glucose concentrations by routine glucose oxidase method and scored the degree of postoperative pain and compared the results with those of group I, given general anesthesia during surgery and nalbuphine intramuscular injection for postoperative pain control. The results were as follows. 1) Serum prolactin concentrations were increased during the operation in both groups. 2) Serum cortisol concentrations were increased during and after the operation in both groups but were normalized sooner in group II. 3) Serum glucose concentrations were increased during and after the operation but were normalized sooner in group IL 4) The three measurements showed significant differences between the two groups during and on the first postoperative day. 5) The pain scores were significantly lower in group II untill the third postoperative day. According to the results, we concluded that serum prolactin concentration could be as much valuable index to surgical stress response as serum cortisol concentration and that the method of epidural blockade combined with general anesthesia for the surgery and postoperative pain control via epidural route could prevent or alleviate the stress response more effectively.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Glucose* ; Catheters ; Fentanyl* ; Fluoroimmunoassay ; Glucose ; Glucose Oxidase ; Hydrocortisone* ; Hyperglycemia ; Hysterectomy ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Lipolysis ; Nalbuphine ; Nitrogen ; Pain, Postoperative ; Prolactin* ; Proteolysis

There is increasing need for network connecting personal computers(PC) together. Thus Local Area Network(LAN) emerged, which was designed to allow multiple computers to access and share multiple files and programs and expensive peripheral devices and to communicate with each user. We built PC-LAN in our department that consisted of 1) hardware-9 sets of personal computers(IBM compatible 80386 DX, 1 set:80286 AT, 8sets) and cables and network interface cards (Ethernet compatible, 16bits) that connected PC and peripheral devices 2) software - network operating system and database management system. We managed this network for 6 months. The benefits of PC-LAN were 1) multiuser (share multiple files and programs, peripheral devices) 2) real time data processing 3) excellent expandibility and flexibility, compatibility, easy connectivity 4) single cable for networking ) rapid data transmission 6) simple and easy installation and management 7) using conventional PC's software running under DOS(Disk Operating System) without transformation 8) low networking cost. In conclusion, PC-LAN provides an easier and more effective way to manage multiuser database system needed at hospital departments instead of more expensive and complex network of minicomputer or mainframe.
Database Management Systems ; Hospital Departments ; Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Minicomputers ; Pliability ; Running

PURPOSE: The authors investigated the ability of cardiac blood pool clearance rates(CBCR) of 99mTc-DiSiDA in the measure merit of functioning hepatocyte mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured the volume of Iobectomized liver after completion of postoperative scanning with CBCR of 99rnTc-DISIDA in 5 rabbits who the functional hepatic Iobectomy performed by ligation of hepatic artery, portal vein and biliary tracts. Regarding the measurement of CBCR of 99mTc-DISIDA, we set the time which was decreased to the half of the clearance amount of the cardiac radioactivity by hepatic extraction of 99mTc-DISIDA at the point of 50 sec after the renal peak of the radioactivity to prevent confusing with the blood dilution of the radioactivity, that have called DI-K50. RESULTS: The results were followed that the volumes of the functional hepatic Iobectomy in 5 rabbits were 25%, 25%, 41%, 52%, 75% and the residual functioning hepatocyte masses measured by CBCR of 99rnTc-DISIDA were preserved to 75. 1%, 70. 8%, 63. 0%, 52. 2%, 30. 8% respectively. CONCLUSION: we made decision that CBCR of 99rnTc-DISlDA was useful to evaluate the functioning hepatocyte mass.
Biliary Tract ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatocytes* ; Ligation ; Liver ; Portal Vein ; Rabbits ; Radioactivity ; Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin*

No abstract available.
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive*

Antifungal bacteria for biological control of plant diseases or production of novel antibiotics to plant pathogens were isolated in 1997 from various soils of Ansung, Chunan, Koyang, and Paju in Korea. Sixty-four bacterial strains pre-screened from approximately 1,400 strains were tested on V-8 juice agar against eight plant pathogenic fungi using in vitro bioassay technique for inhibition of mycelial growth. Test pathogens were Alternaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. orbiculare, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Magnaporthe grisea, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. A wide range of antifungal activity of bacterial strains was found against the pathogenic fungi, and strain RC-B77 showed the best antifungal activity. Correlation analysis between inhibition of each fungus and mean inhibition of all eight fungi by 64 bacterial strains revealed that C. gloeosporioides would be best appropriate for detecting bacterial strains producing antibiotics with potential as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens.
Agar ; Alternaria ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria* ; Biological Assay ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Colletotrichum ; Fungi ; Fusarium ; Gyeonggi-do ; Korea ; Magnaporthe ; Mali ; Mass Screening* ; Phytophthora ; Plant Diseases ; Plants* ; Rhizoctonia ; Soil*

No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Oral ; Tracheostomy

Patients undergoing thoracotomy experience severe postoperative pain and marked respiratory impairment. Analgesics(narcotics or loeal anesthetics) administered via epidural catheter in epidural space have been shown to provide postoperative analgesia and improve respiratory mechanics after thoracotomy. Several different methods have been utilized in an attempt to reduce pain and pulmonary mechanics after thoracotomy. These include epidural blocks using local anesthetics, epidural narcotics, ketamine, steroid, and clonidine. These methods have been shown to provide pain relief with relative preservation of lung volumes in the postoperative period, but have disadvantages. Especially epidural local anesthetics may cause hypotension and motor blockade of lower extremities, and epidural narcotics may cause pruritus, nausea and vomiting, urinary retension and respiratory depression. In an attempt to provide excellent analgesia and improve pulmonary mechanics after thoracotomy and to decrease the side effects associated with the intermittent bolus administration of epidural narcotics or local anesthetics, we performed a study of continuously administered epidural infusion of small concentration of fentanyl combined with low concentration of bupivacaine. Twenty eight patients undergoing thoracotomy were randomized into groups based upon a postoperative pain regimen as indicated: Group I: intermittent intramuscualr injection of nalbuphine 0.2 mg/kg(n=13), Group II: continuous epidural injection of mixtures of 0.2/ bupivacaine and fentanyl 3 ug/ml(n= 15). Two, 8, 24 and 48 hours postoperative, the following indices were measured: visual analogue pain scale, vital capacity, tidal volume, arterial blood gas analysis(pH, PaCo2, PaO2), side effects, and 24 hour urine 17-ketosteroids. The results were as follows: 1) Pain score was evaluated by visual analogue pain scale postoperatively and the pain scores significantly decresed in group II as compaired with those in group L 2) Vital capacity and tidal volume in group II were more improved than group I. 3) There was no difference in arterial blood gas analysis except for decreased PaO2 at 2 hour and 24 hour compared with preoperative value in group L 4) Major complications in group II were two cases of nausea and vomiting, one case of urinary retension, whereas only I patient in group I complained of nausea and vomiting. 5) No significant difference occurred in 24 hour urine l7-ketosteroid at 24 hour and 48 hour postoperatively in group I and group II, which were within normal limits.
17-Ketosteroids ; Analgesia* ; Anesthetics, Local ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Bupivacaine* ; Catheters ; Clonidine ; Epidural Space ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Injections, Epidural ; Ketamine ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Mechanics ; Nalbuphine ; Narcotics ; Nausea ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Period ; Pruritus ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory Mechanics ; Thoracotomy* ; Tidal Volume ; Vital Capacity ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: There has been a study reporting those cases with elevated blood pressure (BP) above 140/90 mmHg on admission and normotension on ward showed more increase in mean arterial pressure(MAP) and pressure-pulse product than the normotensive or hypertensive patients in both situations. But the mean ages of the groups were different each other. This study was done to see if the same results would come without age differences. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two patients between the age of 45 and 64 were divided into three groups. The patients with BP below 140/90 mmHg on admission and on ward were included in group 1(N=66) and those with BP above 140/90 mmHg on admission and below 140/90 mmHg on ward, in group 2(N=42) and those with BP above 140/90 mmHg in both situations were included in group 3(N=54). Preiinduction BP, PR, the changes of BP, PR during operation, incidence of hypertension at post-anesthesia room(PAR), and the number of cases who needed the use of inotropics or antihypertensives perioperatively were checked. RESULTS: As for the increase of BP just before induction the group 2 showed the greatest, group 1 was the next, and group 3 showed the least compared to ward value. Just after induction group 1 showed the greatest, group 2 the next, and group 3 the least amount increase. As for the increase of preinduction pressure-pulse product(PPP) group 2 showed the greatest, group 3 the next, and group 1 the least compared to ward value. Just after induction group 1 showed the greatest, group 2 the next,and group 3 the least amount increase. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive anesthetic care is needed also at periinduction period for the patients who showed hypertensive BP on admission and normotension on ward thereafter.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence