Ossification and calcification of the spinal ligaments frequently cause pressure upon the spinal cord andnerve roots. Authors reviewed 150 cases of C-spine CT, 80 cases of T-spine CT, and 725 cases of L-spine CT whichwere carried out a Pusan Natina University Hospital for 2 years from May 1983 to May 1985. We analysed 34 caseswhich showed ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ligamentum flavum (OLF) of these 955cases. The results are follows: 1. The male ot female ratio of spinal ligamentous ossification was 26:8. The 5thdecade group (24.41%) was the most prevalent age group. 4th decade(26.4%), 6th decade(23.52%), 7th decade(11.76),3rd decade (8.8%), and 8th decade(2.94%) in that order. 2. Of 955 cases of spine CT, the incidence of OPLL was 25cases(21.51%) and that of OLF was 10 ases(1.05%). 3. Regional incidence of spinal ligamentous ossification was asfollows. 1) In case of OPLL, cervical area was 19/150(12.67%) and lumbar area was 6/725 (0.83%). 2) In cases ofOLF, Thoracic area was 3/80(3.75%) and lumbar area was 8/725(1.10%). 4. The most frequent length of OPLL was 4body length (32%) and the most frequent locations are C4 and C5(68%). The types fo OPLL were 15 cases(60%) ofsegmental type, 8 cases(32%) of continuous type, and 2 cases(8%) of mixed type in that order. All segmental typeswere degree 1 or 2 and most continuous and mixed type (80%) were degree 2 or 3 dural sac effect. 5. The number ofinvolved interlaminar spaces in OLF was 1 to 5 interspaces and most of OLF were found at low thoracic and lumbararea. 6. There could be noted high correlation between the spinal ligamentous ossification and degenerative discdisease, The incidence of associated disc disease was 18/25(72%) in OPLL and 8/10(80%) in OLF.
Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ligaments ; Ligamentum Flavum ; Male ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Lung Injury* ; Lung* ; Paraquat*

No abstract available.
Hemoptysis*

The effects of resin on the respiratory health have been investigated in 309 workers from four iron and steel foundries and the results compared with those from 122 workers who were not significantly exposed to resin gas and silica dust at the same industries. Phenol-formaldehyde resin was used in the core making and molding processes and workers were exposed to their decomposition products as well as to silica dist containing particulates The subjects were grouped according to formaldehyde, dust and other gas exposures, and smoking habits were considered also in the analysis. Standardized respiratory symptom questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers. Chest radiograph, pulmonary function tests, and methacholine challenge tests were done. Environmental measurements at the breathing zone were carried out to determine levels of formaldehyde, respirable dust and total dust. Foundry workers had a higher prevalence of symptoms of chronic bronchitis with chronic phlegm and chronic cough when exposed to dust. Exposure to gas was significantly associated with lowered FEV1 and obstructive pulmonary function changes. Exposure to formaldehyde and phenol gas was associated with wheezing symptom among workers, but FEV1 changes after methacholine challenge were not significantly different among different exposure groups. When asthma was defined as the presence of bronchial hyperreactivity with more than 20% decrease in FEV1 after methacholine challenge, 17 workers out of 222 tested had asthma. Fewer asthmatic workers were found among groups exposed to for maldehyde, gas and dust, which indicates a healthy worker effects in a cross-sectional study. The concentration of formaldehyde gas ranged from 0.24 to 0.43 ppm among studied foundries. The authors conclude that fornaldehyde and phenol gas from combust resin is probably the cause of asthmatic symptoms and also a selection force of those with higher bronchial reactivity away from exposures.
Airway Obstruction ; Asthma ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; Cough ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dust ; Formaldehyde ; Fungi ; Healthy Worker Effect ; Iron ; Methacholine Chloride ; Phenol ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiration ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Sounds ; Silicon Dioxide ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Steel

We performed temporary scleral buckles to treat the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment without traction by using intraorbtal balloon. Four eyes of four patients were operated from July 1994 to January 1995 and followed for at least 6 months. Balloon was inserted into the parabular space and left for one week. Cryopexy- or laser-induced adhesions were needed to make the attachments permanent. In all patients, retina reattached successfully without reopening of retinal break after the removal of the balloon. We suggest that intraorbital ballooning is a good choice of primary procedure for the retinal detachment with a single retinal break or group of breaks close together, because this is simple and inexpensive.
Humans ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Traction

Intramural hematoma(IMH) and penetrating aortic ulcer have been increasingly recognized as causes of acute aortic pathology in addition to aortic dissection. The presence of the intimal tear and a flap traversing the aortic lumen is considered to be a most reliable differential point of aortic dissection and IMH. Transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) has become a valuable modality for the diagnosis, prognosis and management of acute aortic syndrome with the unique advantages of portability and the ability to obtain high-resolution real time images. Endovascular Stent-graft placement over the primary entry tear may be an alternative to open surgery because it can close the intimal tear, which leads to thrombosis of the false lumen, excluding flow through the intimal tear and redirecting aortic flow exclusively into the true lumen. We report 88 year-old male with aortic dissection in descending thoracic aorta, successfully treated with endovascular Stent-graft implantation, which was mimicking intramural hematoma by its appearance and subclinical intimal tear diagnosed exclusively by TEE against other imaging studies.
Aged, 80 and over ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Male ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Thrombosis ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: We performed a retrospective study to compare the accuracy between conventional CT staging and intraoperative staging for advanced gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients with advanced gastric cancer were included in this study during the recent 2 year-period. All were pre- and posto- peratively diagnosed as advanced gastric cancer. CTwas performed with G E 9800 and Somatom DR3 under conventional technique in 50 and with others in 10 referred patients. The CT staging for T and N category with emphasis on incurable factor, if not resacted, were performed. And we compared the accuracy between conventional CT and intraoperative staging. The final histo-pathologic staging was used as a gold standard. RESULTS: Accuracy of CT and operation for T4(n=l7) factor is 76.9 % and 86.2 % respectively. Overestimation rate for T4 was 9.3 % by CT and 6.1% by operation, and underestimation rate for was 13.8 % and 7.7 % respectively. Accuracy of CT and operation for N (n=60) factor was 50 % and 60 % respectively. Overestimation rate for N factor was 18.3 % by CT and 18.3 % by operation, and underestimation rate for N factor was 31.7 % and 21.7 % respectively. Correct Tand IM staging was possible only in 33% by CT and 38% by intraoperative assessment. CONCLUSION: Conventional CT and intraoperative staging for incurable T/N factor in advanced gastric cancer have a potential limitations, especially for N factor. Therefore, more reliable modality or technique such as dynamic scanning by spiral CT, transabdominal or endoscopic ultrasonography should be preoperatively performed to complement infrequent errors in intraoperative staging. Furthermore, a histology-oriented surgical approach seems essential in selecting the most appropriate surgical procedure.
Complement System Proteins ; Endosonography ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

No abstract available.
Humans