Recent reports suggest that the responses of the detrusor muscle to the hypogastric nerve stimulation and some autonomic drugs may not be identical among various species. In this study, the responses of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda Japonica and the rabbit to catecholamines were compared, and the type of the adrenergic-receptors was investigated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) evoked only contraction in the isolated detrusor muscle of the Amyda Japonica and relaxation in the preparation of the rabbit. 2. The contraction-response in the Amyda Japonica was blocked in the presence of regitine, an adrenergic alpha-receptor blocking agent. 3. The relaxation-response in the rabbit was abolished by pre-treatment with propranolol, an adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agent. 4. Acetylcholine elicited contraction in both of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda japonica and the rabbit, and the response was completely blocked in the presence of atropine. 5. The results described above suggest that catecholamines exert excitatory effect on the detrusor muscle of the Amyda japonica as it contains adrenergic alpha-receptors and inhibitory effect on the same preparation of the rabbit as it contains the adrenergic beta-receptors. Key Word : amyda japonica,alpha receptor, beta receptor.
Acetylcholine ; Atropine ; Autonomic Agents* ; Catecholamines ; Phentolamine ; Propranolol ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Relaxation

No abstract available.
Animals ; Humans ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Urodynamics*

We tried to analyze the status of 10 units of frozen thawed apheresis platelet concentration by 6% DMSO method for the evaluation of practical applicability. The platelet concentrations were transferred to PL-732(Baxter, USA) cryopreservation bag, and DMSO is added to those bag at slow rate until expected final 6% concentration is achieved, thereafter those were directly placed to -80 degrees C refrigerator for freezing. Someday later from I week to 1 month, those were thawed at 37 degrees C water bath, and then washed by same volume of ABO matched plasma. In the course of cryopreservation, about 7% of platelets were lost and the mean recovery rate of platelet was 93% compared with those of unfrozen status. LDH, the values of platelet lysis, and pH were within normal limits, whereas platelet aggregation test shows decreased aggregation to collagen and ristocetine compared with those of unfrozen status(p<0.05) but they were clinically acceptable. We suggest that the frozen platelets may be useful in a some clinical situation such as hematologic malignancy and solid tumor by autologous transfusion.
Baths ; Blood Component Removal ; Blood Platelets* ; Collagen ; Cryopreservation* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide* ; Freezing ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasma ; Platelet Aggregation ; Ristocetin ; Water

The incidence of acute urinary retention in females is very low but the causes are diverse. So, it is important to verify the causative diseases trough history taking, physical examination including neurologic tests and it is essential to find adequate therapeutic modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We experienced 45 female patients who visited under the chief complaint of acute urinary retention and reviewed, evaluated retrospectively or prospectively during 4 years. The patients are divided 1) transient causes: immobilization after surgery, constipation, medications, herpes zoster, psychogenic causes 2) neurologic causes: cerebral concussion, peripheral neuropathy, brain tumor, herniated nucleus pulposus, spinal cord injury, previously undiagnosed diabetes 3) pelvic causes: difficult labor, uterine prolapse,, pelvic bone tumor, vaginal invasion of rectal cancer, imperforate hymen. RESULTS: Screening test were done through physical examination, history taking, routine urinalysis. Most patients recovered voiding after correction of underlying diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who showed persistent retention were further evaluated through neurologic tests, urodynamics, pelvic ultrasonography and serious diseases as blain tumor, polyneuritis, metastaic pelvic bone tumor were diagnosed.
Brain Concussion ; Brain Neoplasms ; Constipation ; Female* ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hymen ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Neuritis ; Pelvic Bones ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Ultrasonography ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Retention* ; Urodynamics ; Uterine Prolapse

No abstract available.

Male genital traumas on penis, scrotum and testis primarily result from external violences including motor vehicle accidents, industrial mishaps, gunshots, laceration, rights and sexual intercourse. The loss or function in this system may be not vital but the quality of patient`s life be deleterious if they are not properly managed. So, we reviewed 98 patients with male genital tract trauma in the view point or early and delayed treatment, and concluded that early diagnosis and judicious treatment gave patients the best chances of recovering urinary and genital function after genital trauma.
Accidents, Occupational ; Coitus ; Early Diagnosis ; Genitalia, Male ; Human Rights ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Male* ; Motor Vehicles ; Penis ; Scrotum ; Testis

Renal cell carcinoma in children is extremely rare as compared with Wilms` tumor. A case of renal cell carcinoma in an 8-year-old boy is presented with a brief review of literature.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Child ; Humans ; Male

A clinical observation was made on 97 patients of renal calculi who were admitted to the Department of Urology, Chonam University Medical School during the 5 years period from January, 1976 to December, 1980. The following results were obtained. 1) The incidence of renal calculi in 97 patients was 38.0% of urolithiasis in 255 patients and 6.8% of 1430 inpatients. The was an increasing tendency of incidence of renal calculi with annual increasing number of inpatients. 2) There were 51 male and 46 female, a ratio of 1.1:1. The age of two thirds patients of renal calculi ranged from 31 to 50 years, with peak age incidence in the fifth decade. 3) Definite past history of urinary calculi was found in 23 cases (23.7%). 4) The clinical symptoms on admission were flank pain in 92.8%, hematuria in 15.4%, frequency in 5.1% and suprapubic pain in 4.1%. 5) Urinalysis revealed hematuria in 77.3%, proteinuria in 54.1%, pyuria in 42.3%, bacteriuria in 28.9% crystalluria in 9.3% and normal in 8.2% 6) There were 42 renal units of right renal stone and 39 renal units of left renal stone with a ratio of 1.1:1. Unilateral renal calculi were found in 81 patients (83.5%). 7) Treatment consisted of pyelolithotomy in 51 patients (52.6%), pyelonephrolithotomy in 11 patients (11.3%), nephrectomy in 4 patients (4.1%) and nephrolithotomy in 3 patients (3.1%) in order. 8) The incidence of stone ranged from 1.1 to 4.0 gm in weight was 50.6%. The mean weight of removed renal calculi was 25.8 gm in nephrectomy, 19.0 gm in pyelonephrolithotomy, 5.7 gm in nephrolithotomy and 4.9 gm in pyelolithotomy. 9) A nephrostomy tube extended into the upper ureter was located in 30 cases (30.9%) and there was no difference in duration of nephrostomy tube inlaying between pyelolithotomy and pyelonephrolithotomy. 10) Postoperative complications were observed in 22 cases (26.2%) and the most common one was remnant stones in 6 cases (27.4%), of which 5 cases had multiple stones overweighed 10.0 gm. 11) The chemical analysis of 43 renal calculi showed calcium oxalate in 14 cases (32.6%), calcium phosphate in 78 cases (16.3%), the mixed type of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate in 6 cases (14.0%) and the mixed type of calcium oxalate and magnesium phosphate in 5 cases (11.6%). There were 24 single chemical component of stones. As a result, oxalate stone (67.5%) and phosphate stone (55.9%) were prevalent.
Bacteriuria ; Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Kidney Calculi* ; Magnesium ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Proteinuria ; Pyuria ; Schools, Medical ; Ureter ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis ; Urology

Most renal cell carcinomas are solid but contain small cystic areas. Sometimes the cystic component predominates and such lesions are called cystic renal cell carcinomas. The radiographic and pathologic findings of cystic renal cell carcinoma are often more confusing and less specific than the findings of solid renal cell carcinoma. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma is one form of cystic renal cell carcinoma variants and results from intrinsic multiloculated growth. A presumptive diagnosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma was made preoperatively in a 38-year-old woman and it was treated with radical nephrectomy, so we report this case with brief review of the literatures.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Nephrectomy