Recent reports suggest that the responses of the detrusor muscle to the hypogastric nerve stimulation and some autonomic drugs may not be identical among various species. In this study, the responses of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda Japonica and the rabbit to catecholamines were compared, and the type of the adrenergic-receptors was investigated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) evoked only contraction in the isolated detrusor muscle of the Amyda Japonica and relaxation in the preparation of the rabbit. 2. The contraction-response in the Amyda Japonica was blocked in the presence of regitine, an adrenergic alpha-receptor blocking agent. 3. The relaxation-response in the rabbit was abolished by pre-treatment with propranolol, an adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agent. 4. Acetylcholine elicited contraction in both of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda japonica and the rabbit, and the response was completely blocked in the presence of atropine. 5. The results described above suggest that catecholamines exert excitatory effect on the detrusor muscle of the Amyda japonica as it contains adrenergic alpha-receptors and inhibitory effect on the same preparation of the rabbit as it contains the adrenergic beta-receptors. Key Word : amyda japonica,alpha receptor, beta receptor.
Acetylcholine ; Atropine ; Autonomic Agents* ; Catecholamines ; Phentolamine ; Propranolol ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Relaxation

No abstract available.
Animals ; Humans ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Urodynamics*

We tried to analyze the status of 10 units of frozen thawed apheresis platelet concentration by 6% DMSO method for the evaluation of practical applicability. The platelet concentrations were transferred to PL-732(Baxter, USA) cryopreservation bag, and DMSO is added to those bag at slow rate until expected final 6% concentration is achieved, thereafter those were directly placed to -80 degrees C refrigerator for freezing. Someday later from I week to 1 month, those were thawed at 37 degrees C water bath, and then washed by same volume of ABO matched plasma. In the course of cryopreservation, about 7% of platelets were lost and the mean recovery rate of platelet was 93% compared with those of unfrozen status. LDH, the values of platelet lysis, and pH were within normal limits, whereas platelet aggregation test shows decreased aggregation to collagen and ristocetine compared with those of unfrozen status(p<0.05) but they were clinically acceptable. We suggest that the frozen platelets may be useful in a some clinical situation such as hematologic malignancy and solid tumor by autologous transfusion.
Baths ; Blood Component Removal ; Blood Platelets* ; Collagen ; Cryopreservation* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide* ; Freezing ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasma ; Platelet Aggregation ; Ristocetin ; Water

No abstract available.

The incidence of acute urinary retention in females is very low but the causes are diverse. So, it is important to verify the causative diseases trough history taking, physical examination including neurologic tests and it is essential to find adequate therapeutic modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We experienced 45 female patients who visited under the chief complaint of acute urinary retention and reviewed, evaluated retrospectively or prospectively during 4 years. The patients are divided 1) transient causes: immobilization after surgery, constipation, medications, herpes zoster, psychogenic causes 2) neurologic causes: cerebral concussion, peripheral neuropathy, brain tumor, herniated nucleus pulposus, spinal cord injury, previously undiagnosed diabetes 3) pelvic causes: difficult labor, uterine prolapse,, pelvic bone tumor, vaginal invasion of rectal cancer, imperforate hymen. RESULTS: Screening test were done through physical examination, history taking, routine urinalysis. Most patients recovered voiding after correction of underlying diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who showed persistent retention were further evaluated through neurologic tests, urodynamics, pelvic ultrasonography and serious diseases as blain tumor, polyneuritis, metastaic pelvic bone tumor were diagnosed.
Brain Concussion ; Brain Neoplasms ; Constipation ; Female* ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hymen ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Neuritis ; Pelvic Bones ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Ultrasonography ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Retention* ; Urodynamics ; Uterine Prolapse

Uroflowmetry is important and simple method in the evaluation of prostatism and lower urinary tract obstruction. But nomogram of old males was not made till now in Korea. And the aim of our study was to provide a control group of males without prostatism who were in relevant age group. So, we investigated 312 males, who were over 50 years and had no subjective voiding problem. And we select 173 males, whose symptom scores were less than 6 out of 27 possible points of Madsen & Iverson's score system and nomogram was made. The 173 males were divided in 5-year groups and we gained maximal flow rate(MFR) and average flow rate(AFR). It was found that the mean value of MFR and AFR decreased from 20.5 t 8.lm1/sec and 13.2+/-5.8ml/sec at the A group( 50-54 years) to 15.4+/-6.1ml/sec and 9.3+/-4.5ml/sec at the G group(over 80 years). The mean voided volume was 211mL. The MFR and AFR are very closely related to the voided volume(P<0.01) and the adjusted maximal flow rate has been tested clinically by comparing preoperative voidings and postoperative voidings of prostatectomy patients. We conclude that this nomogram is very useful in diagnosing and follow-up of patients with BPH or lower urinary tract obstruction.
Aged* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Male* ; Nomograms* ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatism ; Urinary Tract

A clinical Observation was made on the 27 cases of UPJ obstruction of the in-patients in the Department of Urology, Chonnam University Hospital during the period from Sept. 1967 to 1981 and the followings were obtained. 1) The rate of UPJ obstruction accounted for 1.1% of the total in-patients and 21.7% of the total patients with hydronephrosis during the period of 14 years. 2) It is noteworthy that the condition was much more common in the male than the female subject (19 and 8, respectively) and occurred more frequently on the left side (18 and 5, respectively). Bilateral disease was present in 4 cases. 3) The pathological lesions or findings encountered at the UPJ were intrinsic UPJ obstruction in 20 kidneys (64.5%), aberrant vessel in 5 kidneys,. fibrous bands in 3 kidneys, kinks and fibrous bands in 1 kidney and unknown causes in 2 kidneys. 4) The most common presenting symptom was flank pain, affecting 17 cases. Palpable mass was found in 13 cases. Hematuria occurred in 4 cases. Edema was present in 1 case. 5) The degree of hydronephrosis was determined by urography, pathological and operative finding and according to these findings, grade 4 was found in 45.2%, grade 5 in 25.7%, grade 3 in 22.6%, grade 2 in 6.5% of the total kidneys. 6) On laboratory examination, microscopic pyuria was found in 7 cases, microscopic .hematuria in 7 cases, microscopic pyuria and hematuria in 2 cases and BUN was increased in 4 cases. 7) Pyeloplasty was performed in 17 kidneys, primary nephrectomy in 11 kidneys, nephrostomy in 2 kidneys and ureterolysis with nephropexy in 1 kidney.
Edema ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Jeollanam-do ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Pyuria ; Urography ; Urology

A clinical observation was made on 72 cases of urinary tract tuberculosis who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Chonnam University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea, during the 6 year period from January 1, 1976 through December 31, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. During the period, there were 72 cases of urinary tract tuberculosis, 4.0% of total 1.809 patients who were hospitalized during the period. There was a tendency of significantly decreasing annual incidence of urinary tract tuberculosis. 2. Among these 72 patients, 51 (71%) belonged to the age group of 20 to 49. 3. Bilateral upper urinary tracts were affected in 17 cases, while only right urinary tract was involved in 32 cases and left one in 23 cases. 4. The initial subjective complaints were mostly of vesical irritability, such as frequency (52.8%), hematuria (29.2%) and painful urination (27.8%). 5. There were 19 patients (26.3%) who consulted 6 months through 1 year after onset of symptoms. 6. Past history or present active lesions of tuberculous diseases were noted elsewhere in 40 patients (55.6%), of which 18 had pulmonary tuberculosis. 7 Urinalysis revealed proteinuria in 77.8% of all cases, hematuria in 62.5%, pyuria in 52.8% and AFB stain was positive in 47.2%. 8. On excretory urogram, nonvisualization of the kidney was found in 29 cases (40.3%) and delayed visualization in 20 cases (27.8%), while abnormal ureteral findings were noted in 18 cases (25.0%). 9. Of 60 operated cases, 44 cases were managed with nephroureterectomy, 8 cases with nephroureterectomy and reconstructive surgery and 5 cases with nephroureterectomy and contralateral urinary diversion, but 3 cases with diversion only.
Gwangju ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Kidney ; Korea ; Proteinuria ; Pyuria ; Schools, Medical ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ureter ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Diversion ; Urinary Tract* ; Urination ; Urology

Most renal cell carcinomas are solid but contain small cystic areas. Sometimes the cystic component predominates and such lesions are called cystic renal cell carcinomas. The radiographic and pathologic findings of cystic renal cell carcinoma are often more confusing and less specific than the findings of solid renal cell carcinoma. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma is one form of cystic renal cell carcinoma variants and results from intrinsic multiloculated growth. A presumptive diagnosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma was made preoperatively in a 38-year-old woman and it was treated with radical nephrectomy, so we report this case with brief review of the literatures.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Nephrectomy