Recent reports suggest that the responses of the detrusor muscle to the hypogastric nerve stimulation and some autonomic drugs may not be identical among various species. In this study, the responses of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda Japonica and the rabbit to catecholamines were compared, and the type of the adrenergic-receptors was investigated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) evoked only contraction in the isolated detrusor muscle of the Amyda Japonica and relaxation in the preparation of the rabbit. 2. The contraction-response in the Amyda Japonica was blocked in the presence of regitine, an adrenergic alpha-receptor blocking agent. 3. The relaxation-response in the rabbit was abolished by pre-treatment with propranolol, an adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agent. 4. Acetylcholine elicited contraction in both of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda japonica and the rabbit, and the response was completely blocked in the presence of atropine. 5. The results described above suggest that catecholamines exert excitatory effect on the detrusor muscle of the Amyda japonica as it contains adrenergic alpha-receptors and inhibitory effect on the same preparation of the rabbit as it contains the adrenergic beta-receptors. Key Word : amyda japonica,alpha receptor, beta receptor.
Acetylcholine ; Atropine ; Autonomic Agents* ; Catecholamines ; Phentolamine ; Propranolol ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Relaxation

No abstract available.
Urodynamics*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Humans ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Urinary Bladder*

We tried to analyze the status of 10 units of frozen thawed apheresis platelet concentration by 6% DMSO method for the evaluation of practical applicability. The platelet concentrations were transferred to PL-732(Baxter, USA) cryopreservation bag, and DMSO is added to those bag at slow rate until expected final 6% concentration is achieved, thereafter those were directly placed to -80 degrees C refrigerator for freezing. Someday later from I week to 1 month, those were thawed at 37 degrees C water bath, and then washed by same volume of ABO matched plasma. In the course of cryopreservation, about 7% of platelets were lost and the mean recovery rate of platelet was 93% compared with those of unfrozen status. LDH, the values of platelet lysis, and pH were within normal limits, whereas platelet aggregation test shows decreased aggregation to collagen and ristocetine compared with those of unfrozen status(p<0.05) but they were clinically acceptable. We suggest that the frozen platelets may be useful in a some clinical situation such as hematologic malignancy and solid tumor by autologous transfusion.
Baths ; Blood Component Removal ; Blood Platelets* ; Collagen ; Cryopreservation* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide* ; Freezing ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasma ; Platelet Aggregation ; Ristocetin ; Water

The incidence of acute urinary retention in females is very low but the causes are diverse. So, it is important to verify the causative diseases trough history taking, physical examination including neurologic tests and it is essential to find adequate therapeutic modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We experienced 45 female patients who visited under the chief complaint of acute urinary retention and reviewed, evaluated retrospectively or prospectively during 4 years. The patients are divided 1) transient causes: immobilization after surgery, constipation, medications, herpes zoster, psychogenic causes 2) neurologic causes: cerebral concussion, peripheral neuropathy, brain tumor, herniated nucleus pulposus, spinal cord injury, previously undiagnosed diabetes 3) pelvic causes: difficult labor, uterine prolapse,, pelvic bone tumor, vaginal invasion of rectal cancer, imperforate hymen. RESULTS: Screening test were done through physical examination, history taking, routine urinalysis. Most patients recovered voiding after correction of underlying diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who showed persistent retention were further evaluated through neurologic tests, urodynamics, pelvic ultrasonography and serious diseases as blain tumor, polyneuritis, metastaic pelvic bone tumor were diagnosed.
Brain Concussion ; Brain Neoplasms ; Constipation ; Female* ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hymen ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Neuritis ; Pelvic Bones ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Ultrasonography ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Retention* ; Urodynamics ; Uterine Prolapse

No abstract available.

The exact analysis of urinary stones is very important to the study of the etiology of stone formation, prevention of recurrence and medical treatment. We Have analyzed 260 urinary stones obtained form 260 patients by X-ray diffraction method and studied the relationships of stone compositions to stone sites, patient age, sex and stone weight. The following results were obtained : 1. In this study 7 crystalline compositions of urinary stones were observed : Calcium oxalate monohydrate, Calcium oxalate dihydrate, Magnesium ammonium phosphate, Calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate, Uric acid and cystine. 2. Single composition stones were slightly more in number than mixed composition stones. Of 260 stones, 192(74%) were mainly composed of calcium oxalate, 38(14.4%) of magnesium ammonium phosphate, 19(7.3%) of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, 10(3.9%) of uric acid and 1(0.4%) of cystine. 3. Calcium oxalate stones was the most common of all the urinary stones and that comprised 80.7%(96) of all renal stones, 93.5%(86) of all ureteral stones, 46.2%(18) of all bladder stones and 100%(9) of all urethral stones. 4. Of 181 patients, ranged 30 to 59 years old who comprised 70% of all patients, 149(82.3 % of 181 patients) had calcium oxalate stones. 5. The ratio of the occurrence of magnesium ammonium phosphate to all renal or bladder stones from females was higher than that from males. 6 Of 27 stones weighed more than 10gm, 14(52%) were mainly composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate, and 10(37%) of calcium oxalate.
Ammonium Compounds ; Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Crystallins ; Cystine ; Female ; Humans ; Magnesium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Ureter ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Urinary Calculi* ; X-Ray Diffraction

Pheochromocytoma is one of the surgically curable hypertensive syndrome and may arise wherever chromaffin cells are located. A case of a left large adrenal pheochromocytoma developed in a 49 year old male is presented with brief review of literatures.
Chromaffin Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pheochromocytoma*

A clinical observation was made on 127 patients with bladder tumor, admitted to the Department of Urology, Chonnam University Medical School Hospital during the period from January, 1979 to December, 1984. The following results were obtained: 1. There were 127 patients with bladder tumor, being 5.4 percent of a total of 2,360 in-patients during the period. 2. Of the patients with bladder tumor, 106 were males and 21 females with a ratio of 5 to 1 Ages were ranged from 6 months to 84 years with a mean age of 51.9 years and 81.1 percent of the patients being over 50 years of age. 3. The most common symptom was gross hematuria in 94.5 percent of the patients and frequency in 15.7 percent painful urination in 12.6 percent and dysuria in 10.2 percent were observed in order. Seventy four percent of the patients came with 1 year of their first trouble and only 3.1 percent delayed more than 5 years. 4. Of 124 patient, 40 (32.3 percent) had tumors in the posterior wall of the bladder and 83 (66.9 percent) had single tumor when first seen. 5. Of 114 patients on which an IVP was performed, 78 (68.4 percent) revealed normal upper urinary tracts and 85 (74.6 percent) showed filling defects in the bladder. 6. The most common of the associated diseases were hypertension in 11 cases and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 10. Concurrent transitional cell carcinoma in the renal pelvis and/or ureter or urethra were found in 11 patients (8.7 percent) of 127 patients with bladder tumor. Different malignancies developed in other organs except the bladder were associated in 10 patients (7.9 percent) of 127 patients with bladder tumor all their lives. 7. Pathologic examination of specimens from 111 cases revealed transitional cell carcinoma in 102 (91.9 percent). Classified according to the grade and stage, the most common was grade II found in 49 cases (44.2 percent) and stage A observed in 49 cases (44.2 percent). 8. A total of 155 operations, including 39 subsequent operations for recurrences was performed on 116 patients. They were 55 TUR, 36 open resection, 43 partial cystectomy, 20 total cystectomy with ileal conduit and 1 suprapubic cystostomy. 9. There were 47 recurrences in 35 (41.7 percent) of 84 patients initially operated and followed up. Of these recurrences, 24 (51.1 percent) occurred within 1 year of followup. Tumor recurrences were observed in 31 (81.6 percent) of 38 patients treated by surgery only, but in 16 (32.0%) of 50 patients treated by surgery plus intravesical chemotherapy.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Cystectomy ; Cystostomy ; Drug Therapy ; Dysuria ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Jeollanam-do ; Kidney Pelvis ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Recurrence ; Schools, Medical ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Diversion ; Urinary Tract ; Urination ; Urology

Uroflowmetry is important and simple method in the evaluation of prostatism and lower urinary tract obstruction. But nomogram of old males was not made till now in Korea. And the aim of our study was to provide a control group of males without prostatism who were in relevant age group. So, we investigated 312 males, who were over 50 years and had no subjective voiding problem. And we select 173 males, whose symptom scores were less than 6 out of 27 possible points of Madsen & Iverson's score system and nomogram was made. The 173 males were divided in 5-year groups and we gained maximal flow rate(MFR) and average flow rate(AFR). It was found that the mean value of MFR and AFR decreased from 20.5 t 8.lm1/sec and 13.2+/-5.8ml/sec at the A group( 50-54 years) to 15.4+/-6.1ml/sec and 9.3+/-4.5ml/sec at the G group(over 80 years). The mean voided volume was 211mL. The MFR and AFR are very closely related to the voided volume(P<0.01) and the adjusted maximal flow rate has been tested clinically by comparing preoperative voidings and postoperative voidings of prostatectomy patients. We conclude that this nomogram is very useful in diagnosing and follow-up of patients with BPH or lower urinary tract obstruction.
Aged* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Male* ; Nomograms* ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatism ; Urinary Tract