BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by high serum glucose levels and by disturbances of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. There are many cutaneous signs of this common endocrinopathy, such as nercobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, diabetic bullosis, shin spot, diabetic pruritus, etc. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated whether extracellular matrix gene expression in cultured skin fibroblast is influenced by insulin and Insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I). METHOD: Total RNA was isolated from insulin or IGF-I treated human skin fibroblasts. The Northern blot and slot-blot hybridization were then conducted. RESULTS: The mRNA levels of pro α1(I) collagen, pro α1(I11) collagen, fibronectin in insulin and IGF-I treated normal skin fibroblasts increased compared with untreated normal skin fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Our results show that insulin and IGF-I stimulate collagen formation in normal skin fibroblast at physiological concentrations. Therefore, these demonstrate that insulin can modulate the expression of extracellular matrix gene.
Blood Glucose ; Blotting, Northern ; Collagen ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Fibroblasts* ; Fibronectins ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Insulin* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Lipid Metabolism ; Methods ; Pruritus ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: Arthroscopic fixations for large and comminuted bony Bankart lesions are technically difficult. We developed an arthroscopic multiple pulled suture (MPS) technique to restore large and comminuted bony Bankart lesions. METHODS: Ten patients (mean age, 49.8 years; range, 31–79 years) underwent bony Bankart repair using the illustrated MPS technique and were then followed for a mean of 27.3 months. A plain radiograph series and three-dimensional computed tomography scans were taken at the initial clinical evaluation and 3 months postoperatively. Outcome measurements included the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Rowe score, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, and subjective patient satisfaction, along with surgical complications. RESULTS: Union of an osseous fragment with the glenoid rim was confirmed in all patients on a computed tomography scan 3 months after operation. The osseous fragment was restored to proper articular congruence and reduction. The affected shoulder was stable in nine of the 10 patients. One patient presented with a redislocation after a sports injury 3 years postoperatively. The ASES, Rowe, and UCLA scores improved at the final evaluation, and median patient satisfaction at the final follow-up was 9 of 10 points (range, 6–10 points). CONCLUSIONS: The arthroscopic MPS technique for bony Bankart lesions with large or comminuted osseous fragments was a relatively easy and safe method for stable fixation of the osseous fragment. Therefore, the arthroscopic MPS technique resulted in good restoration of stability with high patient satisfaction and low complication rates.
Athletic Injuries ; California ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Patient Satisfaction ; Shoulder ; Surgeons ; Sutures

Acute suppurative cholangitis is a severe inflammatory process of the bile duct occurred as a result of partial or complete obstruction of the bile duct, and may manifest clinically severe from of disease, rapidly deterioration to life-threatening condition. We analyzed emergency percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in 20 patients of acute suppurative cholangitis with biliary sepsis to evaluate the therapeutic effect and complication of the procedure. The underlying causes were 12 benign diseases(stones) and eight malignant tumors and among eight malignant tumors, bile duct stones(n=4) and clonorchiasis (n=1) were combined. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was performed successfully in 17 of 20 patients improvement of general condition and failed in three patients. The procedures were preterminated due to the patient's condition in two and biliary-porto fistula was developed in one. After biliary decompression by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, effective and successful elective surgery was performed in nine cases, which were seven biliary stones and two biliary cancer with stones. Our experience suggests that emergency percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is an initial and effective treatment of choice for acute suppurative cholangitis with sepsis and a safe alternative for nonsurgical treatment.
Bile Ducts ; Cholangitis* ; Clonorchiasis ; Decompression ; Drainage* ; Emergencies ; Fistula ; Humans ; Sepsis*

No abstract available.
Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ*

PURPOSE: To compare central keratometric values (K-values) measured at the pupillary center by Orbscan II (R) topography (Orbtek, Bausch & Lomb, USA) with preexisting methods for K-values in patients who have been treated with laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: A total of 36 consecutive eyes of 25 patients who were treated with LASIK for myopia have been followed up for more than 1 year. Central K-values measured by Orbscan II(R) topography, K-values measured with autorefractokeratometer, and refraction-derived K-values were compared . RESULTS: The mean central keratometric K-value measured by Orbscan II (R) topography was 39.65+/-1.94 (35.82 to 43.45) diopter (D), and was not statistically significantly different from the mean refraction derived K-value which was 39.63+/-1.95 D (35.95 to 43.41) (p>0.05), but was statistically lower than the mean K-value measured with autorefractokeratometer which was 40.23+/-1.76 D (36.56 to 43.69) (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In patients who have been treated with LASIK for myopia, central keratometric K-value measured with Orbscan II R topography is not statistically significantly different from refraction derived K-value, but is lower than K-value measured with autorefractokeratometer.
Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia

BACKGROUND: A clinical study of rosacea has never been reported in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the clinical observations of rosncea. METHODS: During a 5-year-period from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 1994, 133 patients were evaluated with regard to age, sex, location of skin lesions, clinical type, duration, and precipitating factors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: 1. Of the 7,787 cases amongst outpatients, 133 cases(1.7% ) were dignosed with rosacea. Of there 46 were male patients and 87 females, giving a sex ratio of 1:1.9 in favor of females. 2. The most common type of rosacea was vascular rosacea(60.2%) 3. The average duration of rosacea was 3.4 years. 4. Rosacea afflict persons aged 40-49 most frequently. 5. The predilection sites of the rosacea were : cheek(42.9%), nose(23.3%), entire face(11.3%), cheek & nose(9%), zygomatic area(6.8%), extra-facial area(3.8%), forehead(2.9%). 6, The aggravating factors of rosacea were : unknown cause(32.3%), coffee & tea(18%), alcohol(13.5%), emotional stress(10.5%), sun exposure(9.8%), multi-factoral(7.5%), drugs(steroids)4.6%).
Cheek ; Coffee ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Precipitating Factors ; Rosacea* ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Solar System

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of central corneal thickness and axial length after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery for myopia. 101 eyes of 53 patients who underwent laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) were included in this study.Routine examinations were done in all cases. Central corneal thickness, axial length, keratometry, and refractive error were measured preoperatively and on the 6 month post-operatively. Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -5.52 D (SD, 1.98 D).Preoperative and postoperative mean central corneal thickness was 530.64 micrometer (SD, 27.62 micrometer)and 468.84 micrometer (SD, 33.32 micrometer).Preoperative and postoperative keratometry was 43.69 D (SD, 1.90 D)and 39.12 D (SD, 1.98 D).Preoperative and postoperative average axial length was 25.56 mm (SD, 1.05 mm)and 25.51 mm (SD, 1.08 mm).When postoperative measurements were compared with preoperative measurements, there was a significant decrease in central corneal thickness (t=25.68, p=0.000)and keratometry (t=23.61, p=0.000), but there was no significant difference in axial length (t=1.82, p=0.072). Refractive changes related to axial length measurements changes on the 6 month after LASIK are not important compared with the total refractive corrections of LASIK.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia* ; Refractive Errors

The purpose of this study is to compare, by statistical analysis, intraocular lens (IOL) powers by SRK/T formula using autorefractokeratometer-measured keratometric (K) values (SRK/T-ARK-mK), by SRK/T formula using refraction-derived K values (SRK/T-R-dK), and by refraction corrected method (RCM), in eyes treated with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia. Thirty-eight consecutive eyes of 23 patients with PRK for mild to moderate myopia and 35 consecutive eyes of 25 patients with LASIK for high myopia were followed up for more than 1 year. In the two groups, IOL powers by SRK/T-ARK-mK, by SRK/T-R-dK, and by RCM were compared by statistical analysis. In PRK group, the mean value of IOL powers by RCM was statistically higher than that obtained by the other two methods (p < 0.05), while there was no significant statistical difference between the mean values of IOL powers by SRK/T-ARK-mK and by SRK/T-R-dK (p > 0.05). However, in LASIK group, the mean values of IOL powers by RCM and by SRK/T-R-dK, which did not differ statistically (p > 0.05), were both statistically higher than that by SRK/T-ARK-mK (p < 0.05). In conclusion, there is a statistical difference in IOL powers by the methods used for IOL calculation, as there is according to the level of myopia in patients with PRK and LASIK treatment. We suggest that, in IOL power calculation in eyes with previous corneal refractive surgery, correction methods such as RCM and SRK/T-R-dK are more effective at higher levels of myopia.
Adult ; Comparative Study ; Cornea/surgery ; Female ; Human ; *Keratectomy, Photorefractive, Excimer Laser ; *Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; *Lenses, Intraocular ; Male ; Myopia/surgery ; *Optics ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Epinephrine* ; Injections, Subcutaneous* ; Lidocaine* ; Ophthalmic Artery*

The nevus sebaceus of Jadsssohn is an organoid nevus generally noted on the scalp or the face as a single lesion. A 26-year-old man has suffered from a pea sized, pedunculated cherry red colored papule on the back ground of yellowish colored verrucous plaque on the vertex. Clinically, pedunculated papule was similar to granuloma pyogenicum, but histopathologic examination showed the features of tubular apocrine adenoma with focal areas of syringocystadenoma papilliferum, suggesting that might be a variant or could be associated with syringocystadenoma papilliferum.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Humans ; Nevus* ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn ; Organoids ; Peas ; Prunus persica ; Scalp