With the advancement of shoulder arthroscopy, use of biodegradable suture anchors in the surgical repair of rotator cuff tears has increased. Because of the radiolucency of these anchors, radiography is not appropriate for early detection of anchor failure. Ultrasonography is an advantageous modality in visualizing biodegradable, radiolucent anchors on a real-time basis without risk of radiation exposure. We report on two cases of displacement of a biodegradable suture anchor diagnosed on ultrasonography during the postoperative follow- up, which has not been previously reported. Because this displacement could be missed in the postoperative follow up ultrasonography, we describe the ultrasonographic features of the displaced biodegradable anchors. Surgeons and radiologists should pay special attention to the possibility of displacement of the suture anchor in patients who underwent rotator cuff repairs using suture anchors.
Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radiography ; Rotator Cuff* ; Shoulder ; Suture Anchors* ; Sutures* ; Tears ; Ultrasonography*

The visual field of 86 eyes of 18 normal Korean male and 25 female were measured by test objects for white 4/330, blue 8/330, red 8/330 and green 8/330 in 12 principal meridians with 31.5 apostilb of luminance. By using the above mentioned test objects, the range, mean, standard deviation and standard error of each isopter were calculated for determining limitation of normal visual field. 1. The widths of each isopter, which were observed at 4 meridians, were increased from the narrowest to the widest, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 27 degrees and 330 degrees in order. 2. Visual fields of same visual angle against test object were increased in the order of green, blue and red. The widths of 4 visual fields were depressed in the order the white 4/330, blue 8/330, red8/330 and green 8/330. 3. The standard deviation and standard error of each meridian of visual fields, white was most reliable and blue, red and green in order. 4. Among 4 test objects the most reliable meridian was white 330 degrees and 90 degrees was the most reliable in blue, red and green. The poorest meridian in reliability were white 60 degress and in blue 180 degrees, in red and green 330 degrees.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Visual Fields*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Thyroid disease is the most common endocrine disease in childhood. Thyroid hormone has critical effects on growth and development, especially in childhood. We survey the prevalence, sex and age distribution, symptoms and thyroid function states of thyroid diseases in childhood. METHODS: Three hundred ninety one children who were diagnosed as having thyroid disease at department of pediatrics, St. Mary's hospital from Jan. 1987 to Dec. 1998 enrolled in this study. RESULTS: 1) The ratio between male and female patients was 1: 5.3. Age distribution was puberty, school age and infancy in their order of frequency. 2) The results of thyroid function tests showed normal function in 210 cases (53.7%), increased function in 95 cases(24.3%), and decreased function in 86 cases (22%). 3) Simple goiter, Graves disease, and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were the most common diseases in euthyroid, hyperthyroid, and acquired hypothyroid state, respectively. 4) The most common sign and symptom was goiter in euthyroid(100%), hyperthyroid(98.8%) and acquired hypothyroid state(96.2%). Forty of 68 cases(58.8%) with congenital hypothyroidism were detected by neonatal screening. CONCLUSION: Simple goiter, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and Graves disease were common acquired thyroid diseases in childhood, and goiter is the most common clinical manifestation in acquired thyroid disease. Recently, increasing number of congenital hypothyroidism was detected by neonatal screening test.
Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Congenital Hypothyroidism ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Female ; Goiter ; Graves Disease ; Growth and Development ; Hashimoto Disease ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neonatal Screening ; Pediatrics ; Prevalence ; Puberty ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland*

PURPOSE: Narcolepsy is a specific neurologic syndrome consisting of excessive daytime drowsiness, cataplexy, and the additional phenomena of sleep paralysis and intense dreamlike hallucinations at sleep-wake transitions. We are reporting a patient with narcolepsy whose repeated self-injury caused traumatic eyeball perforation. METHODS: A 26-year-old male with narcolepsy injured himself, which resulted in eyeball perforation in his both eyes. We diagnosed him as traumatic corneal laceration, traumatic cataract, and vitreous opacity due to lens material in vitreous in both eyes. RESULTS: After improvement of narcoleptic symptom and healing of corneal perforation, we performed cataract extraction and pars plana vitrectomy under local anesthesia. During operation, we found preretinal gliosis at superior portion of optic disc and subretinal hemorrhage in the right eye. We observed successful improvement in visual acuity through intraocular lens implantation.
Adult ; Anesthesia, Local ; Cataplexy ; Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Corneal Perforation ; Gliosis ; Hallucinations ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Male ; Narcolepsy ; Sleep Paralysis ; Sleep Stages ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: Intraductal papilloma (IDP) is a benign breast disease with malignant potential, for which complete surgical excision is usually recommended. The aim of the present study was to investigate predictive factors for upgrading patients with a benign papillary lesion (BPL). METHODS: This study was an observational study using a prospectively collected cohort. In total, 13,049 patients who underwent a core needle biopsy (CNB) for a breast lesion between January 2009 and May 2015 were enrolled. We reviewed all patients with pathologically confirmed BPL from a CNB. RESULTS: Surgical treatment was performed for 363 out of a total of 592 lesions. According to the pathological differences, the lowest upgrade rate was shown in IDP without atypia (without atypia, 6.0%; with atypia, 26.8%; papillary neoplasm, 31.5%; p<0.001). The univariate analysis showed that, in IDP without atypia, the age at diagnosis, size of BPL on ultrasonography, and density on mammography were associated with upgrading. The multivariate analysis revealed that age >54 years and lesion size >1 cm were significantly associated with upgrade to malignancy (odds ratio [OR]=4.351, p=0.005 and OR=4.236, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The indications for surgical treatment can be defined as age >54 years and mass size >1 cm, even in IDP without atypia in the CNB results; this also includes cases of IDP with atypia or papillary neoplasm. Therefore, we suggest that close observation without surgery is sufficient for younger women with a small IDP without atypia.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle* ; Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Multivariate Analysis ; Observational Study ; Papilloma, Intraductal ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiography ; Ultrasonography

To evaluate the possibility of Dacron patch for artificial sclera. Dacron(polyethylene terephthalate) which is readily available, biocompatable, safe, and inert synthetic material was implanted in the area of full-thickness scleral defect in rabbits. The histopathologic examinations showed that fibrovascular tissue invested into all interstices of Dacron filaments and fibroconnective tissue encapsulation around Dacron patch had strong connection with collagen fibers of recipient sclera at 4 weeks after graft There were no adverse reactions such as retinal detachment and fibrous proliferation into the vitreous cavity except mild inflammatory response of surrounding tissue at the early postoperative stage. As a result, Dacron graft showed successful firm adhesion to the recipient sclera without serious complications. Thus, We think that Dacron could possibly be used, instead of donor sclera, as artificial scleral graft material for the surgical treatment of perforating scleral diseases.
Collagen ; Humans ; Polyethylene Terephthalates* ; Rabbits* ; Retinal Detachment ; Sclera ; Scleral Diseases ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

A case of congenital ectodermal iris cyst was presented, which occured in the right eye of a 26-year-old Korean male. Congenital iris cyst is a rare cyst of iris. Decreased visual acuity and white small sized mass at the pupillary margin of the right iris were his chief complaints prior to his visit to hospital. Visual acuity was O.D. 0.4, O.S. 1.2 and I.O.P. was normal. Surgical removal was successful and lost in follow up. Histology confirmed the lesion to be congenital ectodermal iris cyst.
Adult ; Ectoderm* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iris* ; Male ; Visual Acuity

Laser photocoagulation is a valuable method in treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. One hundred and sixty patients with central serous chorioretinopathy were analysed with regard to sex, age, affected eye. initial visual acuity, frequency of laser photocoagulation and result and visual acuity after treatment with AO Laser photocoagulator, between May 1, 1973 and December 31, 1976 at the department of ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hosphital in Seoul Korea. By means of fluorescein fundus angiography all patients in this study were found to have choroidal abnormalities associated with serous leakage across Bruch's membrane. The results were as follow: 1. Central serous retinopathy shows a marked predilection for male. The sexual distribution in this paper revealed 146 males (91.25%) and 14 females (8.75%). 2. The age incidence was usually mainly confined to the group between 31 and 40 years of age (48.125%) and 41 and 50 years of age (35.625%). The patients in this study were mainly between 30 and 50 years of age (83.75%). 3. Involvement was almost exclusively unilateral (97.5%). 4. Initial visual acuity was between 0.1~0.3 in 33.75% of the cases and between 0.4~0.6 in 28.75% of the cases. 5. The majority of patients (68.125%) recovered normal vision with one or two sittings of photocoagulation, each sitting composed of 6 to 8 energy pulses producing grade I lesion. 6. During the course of this study normal vision was gained in 56.93% of patients.
Angiography ; Bruch Membrane ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Choroid ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Light Coagulation* ; Male ; Ophthalmology ; Seoul ; Visual Acuity