No abstract available.
Abdominal Cavity* ; Abscess* ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor* ; Drainage*

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Intestinal Obstruction*

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Rectum*

OBJECTIVE: Angiogenesis is a critical factor in the progression of solid tumors. The mechanisms responsible for angiogenesis in cervical neoplasia, however, are not well defined. Our study was aimed to determine the expression of VEGF(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), its receptor(KDR), and TGF-beta1(Transforming Growth Factor-beta1) in cervical neoplasia, to determine the role of these angiogenic factors in preinvasive(dysplastic) process and the progression of cervical cancer and to investigate the progression of angiogenesis in the transition from normal cervix to invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS: The cervical lesions of 76 patients were punch biopsied and paraffin embedded. Among these, 5 were normal cervix, 36 were cervical intraepithelial lesion I-III, and the other 35 were invasive squamous cell carcinomas. The tissues were immunostained with antiVEGF, antiKDR, and antiTGF-beta1 polyclonal antibody. RESULTS: The expression of VEGF, KDR, and TGF-beta1 in CIN III was stronger than those of CIN I(p<0.01). Their expression were not significantly different among the each staged cervical cancers(p>0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that VEGF, KDR, and TGF-beta1 are important angiogenic factors in cervical neoplasia, especially in an early event to neoplastic transformation of cervical tissues, but these angiogenic factors are not associated with the progression of cervical cancer.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Paraffin ; Phosphotransferases* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

PURPOSE: The transmembrane glycoprotein CD44 exists in a variety of isoforms generated by alternative splicing of the pre-mRNA. We studied the role of CD44-standard (CD44s) and CD44-variant6 (CD44v6) in gastric adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed in 101 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent radical gastrectomy at KGCC, Seoul Paik Hospital. The relationship of CD44s, CD44v6 expressions to the clinicopathologic parameters, p53 and Ki-67 were evaluated. RESULTS: CD44s and CD44-v6 expressions were found in 56.4% and 48.5%, respectively. CD44s expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and Borr mann type. CD44v6 expression was significantly correlated with sex, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and perineural invasion and had a tendency toward p53 expression. In inte stinal type adenocarcinoma, CD44s expression had correlations with lymph node metastasis and CD44v6 had correlations with lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion. However, in diffuse type adenocarcinoma, CD44s and CD44v6 expressions had correlations with only Borrmann type. In multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis was the most significant risk factor for CD44s and CD44v6 expressions in total cases and intestinal type adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that expression of CD44 v6 may play an important role in the regulation of lymph node metastasis in intestinal type adenocarcinoma of stomach.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Alternative Splicing ; Gastrectomy ; Glycoproteins ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Protein Isoforms ; Risk Factors ; RNA Precursors ; Seoul ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Hydrofluoric acid_(HF) is widely used in many industrial and domestic settings such as etching glass, and polishing metals. HF is one of the most corrosive inorganic acids and can produce progressive and serious tissue necrosis with severe pain. Since HF chemical burns can be asymptomatic for the first few hours, it is crucial to understand its toxicity and the early use of antidote. CASE: A 37-year-old man presented with erythematous lesion and pain on his face, anterior neck, both forearms, both thighs, and left ankle after injury resulting from a chemical burn caused by HF. He showed normal vital signs and dyspnea, but complained of a sore throat. Liquid form of HF had splashed on his face and anterior neck first and run down his forearms and thighs while working at HF supply tanks. Some of the HF was splashed into his mouth. He immediately removed his clothes and showered with abundant water. A 4.5% calcium gluconate jel was applied to the involved area. He was given subcutaneous injection of 10% calcium gluconate solution. During 17 days of admission he didn't show any signs of systemic intoxication or deep tissue defects. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate cleansing of the affected area with running cold water is the first critical treatment for a chemical burn due to HF. Applying calcium gluconate gel within one hour was very effective for preventing further damage to the injured area as well as systemic injury. In order to reduce the risk of accident and perform first-aid treatment quickly, it is imperative to provide workers with safety education and establish safety facilities.
Adult ; Animals ; Ankle ; Burns, Chemical ; Calcium Gluconate ; Cold Temperature ; Dyspnea ; Forearm ; Glass ; Gluconates ; Humans ; Hydrofluoric Acid ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Metals ; Mouth ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Pharyngitis ; Running ; Thigh ; Vital Signs ; Water

Radiologic findings of Bing-Neel syndrome, which is an extremely uncommon complication resulting from malignant lymphocyte infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM), have been infrequently reported due to extreme rarity of the case. A 75-year-old man with WM presented at a neurology clinic with progressive gait and memory disturbances, and dysarthria of 2 months duration. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis showed IgM kappa-type monoclonal gammopathy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal, hyperintense lesions on T2 weighted-images. Brain diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) demonstrated hyperintensities in cerebral and cerebellar lesions that appeared isointense on apparent diffusion coefficient maps, which were compatible with vasogenic edema. Although histologic analysis is a confirmative study to prove direct cell infiltration into the brain, brain MRI with DWI may be a good supportive study to diagnose Bing-Neel syndrome.
Aged ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Diffusion ; Dysarthria ; Edema ; Electrophoresis ; Gait ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Lymphocytes ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetics ; Magnets ; Memory ; Neurology ; Paraproteinemias ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

We used in situ hybridization histochemistry with synthetic oligonucleotide probes to examined the effects of unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions (which eliminated tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA containing cells in mesencephalon) on enkephalin, dynorphin, and substance P mRNA exprssion in the striatum. The expression of tyroxine hydroxylase mRNA on ipsilateral substantia nigra pars compacta, which reflect dopamine activity, totally decreased for 2weeks after lesioning. After lesioning 1week, 2weeks, and 4weeks, a significant increase of the expression of enkephalin mRNA in ipsilateral to the lesioned striatum was observed (p<0.05). Substance P mRNA expressions were depressed significantly in ispsilateral to the lesioned striaturm, whereas enkephalin mRNA expressions were elevated in consecutive sections from striatal aresas in all rat model. The effect of lesions on dynorphin mRNA expressions in ipsilateral to the lesioned striatum less robust, but significant decreased tendency was observed (p<0.05). These data show that the expression of enkephalin, dynorphin and substance P mRNA is differentially regulated by mesostriatal dopaminergic system.
Animals ; Basal Ganglia* ; Dopamine ; Dynorphins ; Enkephalins ; In Situ Hybridization ; Models, Animal* ; Neuropeptides* ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Oxidopamine ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger ; Substance P ; Substantia Nigra ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a medical disorder, which occurs with sudden increase of blood pressure (BP). The MRI findings of hypertensive encephalopathy are diffuse hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, predominantly within the cortex and subcortical white matter of the parieto-occipital lobe. The brainstem is rarely involved. Diffusion-weighted images do not show any abnormalities. We report two patients with hypertensive encephalopathy whose MRI showed exclusive brainstem involvement. They improved rapidly after BP control.
Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a medical disorder, which occurs with sudden increase of blood pressure (BP). The MRI findings of hypertensive encephalopathy are diffuse hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, predominantly within the cortex and subcortical white matter of the parieto-occipital lobe. The brainstem is rarely involved. Diffusion-weighted images do not show any abnormalities. We report two patients with hypertensive encephalopathy whose MRI showed exclusive brainstem involvement. They improved rapidly after BP control.
Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging