No abstract available.
Abdominal Cavity* ; Abscess* ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor* ; Drainage*

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Rectum*

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Intestinal Obstruction*

We experienced a case of submucosal gastric actinomycosis, presenting as bleeding. The 65-year-old woman had a symptom of epigastric pain, without any other intra-abdominal disease entity. A gastrofiberscopic study demonstrated a submucosal mass lesion with bleeding at the fundus. Because of the bleeding, laparotomy was undertaken, and a abscess containing a large mass was found at the gastric fundus, and total gastrectomy undertaken. Histological examination revealed a giant acute ulcer with a submucosal abscess due to actinomycosis. Because of its rarity, submucosal gastric actinomycosis is an entity overlooked by most surgeons. We report upon this case of submucosal gastric actinomycosis and include a review of the literature.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Causality* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Pneumothorax*

PURPOSE: Tension-free hernioplasty has become the most popular procedure for the repair of groin hernias in the United States and United Kingdom. The purpose of this study is to describe a 7-year personal experience with Lichtenstein's tension-free groin hernia repair under local anesthesia. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the clinical outcome of 321 cases of Lichtenstein repairs, performed consecutively by an experienced surgeon between Jan. 1994 and Dec. 2000. RESULTS: Of the 321 cases, 242 (75.4%) were indirect, 34 (10.6%) were direct, 8 (2.5%) were femoral, 7 (2.2%) were pantaloon, and 30 (9.3%) were recurred hernias. The mean age was 55 years; 91% were male. The mean number of injections of analgesics required in the postoperative period was 3.2. The mean hospital stay following repair was 2.7 days. Complications occurred in 23 cases (7.1%). Most of these were minor, consisting of five cases of bruising or hematomas (1.6%), four superficial infections (1.3%), three seromas (0.9%), two hydroceles (0.6%), six patients with persisting groin pain for more than a month (1.8%), one foreign body granuloma, one urinary retention, and one testicular atrophy. There were no recurrences or operative deaths. CONCLUSION: Lichtenstein's tension-free hernioplasty is an easy and simple technique with less pain, minor complications and only rare instances of recurrence. This procedure can be performed on a same-day basis under local anesthesia. Lichtenstein repair may be the most promising technique for the repair of groin hernias.
Analgesics ; Anesthesia, Local ; Atrophy ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body ; Great Britain ; Groin* ; Hematoma ; Hernia* ; Herniorrhaphy ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seroma ; United States ; Urinary Retention

This paper concerns professional socialization of medical students. Professional socialization, in the context of this paper, means the process through which a layperson becomes a doctor equipped with professional identity and values. While medical education does not include such process in the curriculum, medical students obtain certain values and identity informally. The dependent variables were professional values and professionalism. The former means the desirable attributes required to conducting professional works such as humane attitudes, science-oriented mind, capability for organizational management. The latter means socio-political reasoning with which doctors can rationalize their privileges such as autonomy. A specially designed questionnaire was developed. The data were collected from five medical schools for 1,318 students in 1994. A total of 1,070 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis. The students emphasized the human factor in the professional values. Their attitude did not change with the grade. Other independent variables such as motives for entering a medical school, socioeconomic status, satisfaction with medical education, etc. also did not influence professional values. It implies that professional values were not consolidated among the students. However, the factors of professionalism change significantly with the grade. It implies that the students paid more attention to socio-political issues related to doctor`s interests as the grade went up. And the factor scores for professionalism were higher for those students who had more positive attitude towards doing medical practice for profit, expected higher income, and were more conservative about social reform. Other independent variables did not influence professionalism. It seems that the students also give emphasis on professionalism, like current medical doctors, mainly because of their concern with recent unfavorable changes in economic conditions of medical care providers.
Curriculum ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Schools, Medical ; Social Class ; Socialization* ; Students, Medical*

No abstract available
Adenocarcinoma*

No abstract available.
Intussusception* ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome*

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by formation of multiple colorectal adenomas with nearly 100 percent potential for malignant transformation. FAP is a rare condition with an incidence of 1 in 10,000 live births. Germline mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) located on chromosome 5q21 have been founded in many patients with FAP. Patients with FAP can have extracolonic manifestations of their disease. These include tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract (hamartomatous polyps, adenomas, carcinomas), small intestine adenomas or cacinoma, bile duct adenomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma, osteomas of the mandible, skull, and long bones, a variety of soft tissue lesions, including fibromas, lipomas, and desmoid tumors, congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) and hepatoblastoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma combined with FAP is a very rare condition. Just 8 cases of Hepatocellular carcinoma with a history of FAP have been reported in the literature. We now present a report of a case of Hepatocellular carcinoma with FAP (Gardner's syndrome) in a 19 year-old girl.
Adenoma ; Adenoma, Bile Duct ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Female ; Fibroma ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Incidence ; Intestine, Small ; Lipoma ; Live Birth ; Mandible ; Osteoma ; Polyps ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Skull ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ; Young Adult