A retrospective study of the effect of vitrectomy, scleral bucling and intraocular tamponade (SF6 gas or silicone oil) was carried out in 39 patients with retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Complete anatomic retinal reattachment posterior to the encircling scleral buckle was obtained in 53% (21/40) of these eyes. Useful vision was restored in 52% of the 21 anatomically successful cases. Anatomic success was not correlated with severity of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and lens status. The most frequent postoperative complication was cataract in phakic eyes and recurrent retinal detachment in aphakic eyes.
Cataract ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Scleral Buckling ; Silicone Oils ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

A retrospective study of the effect of vitrectomy, scleral bucling and intraocular tamponade (SF6 gas or silicone oil) was carried out in 39 patients with retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Complete anatomic retinal reattachment posterior to the encircling scleral buckle was obtained in 53% (21/40) of these eyes. Useful vision was restored in 52% of the 21 anatomically successful cases. Anatomic success was not correlated with severity of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and lens status. The most frequent postoperative complication was cataract in phakic eyes and recurrent retinal detachment in aphakic eyes.
Cataract ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Scleral Buckling ; Silicone Oils ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

BACKGROUND: The survival rate of grafted fat is difficult to predict, and repeated procedures are frequently required. In this study, the effects of the freezing period of harvested adipose tissue and the addition of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the process of fat absorption were studied. METHODS: Adipose tissue was obtained from patients who underwent a lipoaspirated fat graft. The fat tissue was cryopreserved at -20degrees C in a domestic refrigerator. A total of 40 nude mice were used. The mice in the experimental group received three different subcutaneous injections in the back: an injection of fresh fat and ASCs, an injection of fat that had been frozen for one month and ASCs, and an injection of fat that had been frozen for two months and ASCs. The control mice received fat grafts without ASCs. The mice were sacrificed at four or eight weeks after the procedure, and the grafted fat tissues were harvested. The extracted fat was evaluated using photographic analysis, volume measurements, and histological examination. RESULTS: In the control group, the fat resorption rates four weeks after transplantation in the grafts of fresh fat, fat that had been frozen for one month, and fat that had been frozen for two months were 21.14%, 22.46%, and 42.56%, respectively. In the experimental group, the corresponding resorption rates were 6.68%, 13.0%, and 33.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: ASCs can increase the fat graft survival rate. The use of ASCs in fat grafting can reduce the need for repeated fat grafts and provide good long term results.
Absorption ; Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Cryopreservation ; Freezing ; Graft Survival ; Humans* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Stem Cells* ; Survival Rate* ; Transplants

Although spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a frequent complication in the childhood nephrotic syndrome, it is very rare in adults with nephrotic syndrome. It frequently develops when the patients are either in relapse or receiving steroid therapy at the time peritonitis is diagnosed. We report an unusual case of a spontaneous bacterial peritonitis as the presenting feature in a 15-year-old male patient with nephrotic syndrome. He presented with diffuse abdominal pain and distension for 15 days. Abdominal paracentesis revealed the diagnostic laboratory findings of peritonitis, and the bacterial culture of the ascites showed a mixed growth of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruzinosa. His serum albu- min level was 1.6gldL and the amount of 24 hours proteinuria was 21.0g/day. Although he was treated with adequate antibiotics for 3 weeks, the peritonitis was more aggravated. We decided to insert a catheter into the peritoneal cavity for continuous drainage of the intractable ascites. Two weeks after drainage, the peritonitis improved as the peritonitis subsided, the proteinuria disappeared completely without a steroid therapy. Six months after spontaneous remission, the proteinuria have recurred, and the kidney biopsy then showed focal segmental glomerulorsclerosis.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ascites ; Biopsy ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Paracentesis ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Peritonitis* ; Proteinuria ; Pseudomonas ; Recurrence ; Remission, Spontaneous

Although cimetidine causes a transient rise in serum creatinine without reduction of renal function, acute renal failure due to acute interstitial nephritis is rare in patients after cimetidine treatment. We here present a case of acute renal failure and acute interstitial nephritis that occurred during cimetidine treatment. A 38-year old woman was referred to our hospital because of nausea and general weakness. She had been taking cimetidine for 3 weeks because of epigasric discomfort. On admission, serum creatinine was 3.9 mg/dL and urinalysis showed mild proteinuria and hematuria. There was no history of pyelonephritis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, toxin exposure. Renal biopsy showed severe interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes without definite glomerular change. After withdrawal of cimetidine, renal function completely recovered.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Cimetidine* ; Creatinine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lymphocytes ; Nausea ; Nephritis, Interstitial* ; Proteinuria ; Pyelonephritis ; Urinalysis

Although cimetidine causes a transient rise in serum creatinine without reduction of renal function, acute renal failure due to acute interstitial nephritis is rare in patients after cimetidine treatment. We here present a case of acute renal failure and acute interstitial nephritis that occurred during cimetidine treatment. A 38-year old woman was referred to our hospital because of nausea and general weakness. She had been taking cimetidine for 3 weeks because of epigasric discomfort. On admission, serum creatinine was 3.9 mg/dL and urinalysis showed mild proteinuria and hematuria. There was no history of pyelonephritis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, toxin exposure. Renal biopsy showed severe interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes without definite glomerular change. After withdrawal of cimetidine, renal function completely recovered.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Cimetidine* ; Creatinine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lymphocytes ; Nausea ; Nephritis, Interstitial* ; Proteinuria ; Pyelonephritis ; Urinalysis

We report an unusual case of clitoral hypertrophy due to neurofibromatosis of external genitalia. The patient also had definite skin lesions and family history. The patient was treated successfully by clitorectomy. The patient seems to be the first case of clitoral neurofibromatosis reported in Korean literature.
Circumcision, Female ; Clitoris ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Male ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Skin

BACKGROUND: The relaxative response of blood vessels to acetylcholine (ACh) is known to be abnormal in diabetic rat due to changes in endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and/or endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated action. Oxygen free radical (OFR) interferes with endothelium dependent relaxation to ACh in diabetic rats; this effect rnay be prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), OFR scavenger. Then, we determined the effect of SOD on modulation of OFR-induced damage to EDRF and EDHF-mediated relaxations to ACh in diabetic rat aortas. METHODS: After aortas were incubated with free radical generating system for 15 min with or without SOD pretreatment (150 U/mL) and contracted submaximally by norepinephrine (10 (-5) M), relaxative responses to cumulative concentrations (10 (-9) M to 10 (-5) M) of ACh were measured in aortas isolated from the control and 6-8 week streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. We measured relaxative responses to ACh in these aortas treated with calmidazolium (100uM) or N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (luM) after exposure to OFR with/without SOD pretreatment, RESULTS: The ACh-induced relaxation (10 (-9)M to 10 (-5) M) was significantly decreased in diabetic than in control rat aortas (p<0.05). ACh-induced relaxation in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 79.3% to 71.2% after exposure to OFR (p<0.05), and the degree of ACh-induced relaxation was recovered from 71.2% to 84.0% after pretreatment with SOD (p<0.05). EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 71.2% to 61.6% after exposure to OFR (p<0.05), and the degree of impairment of ACh-induced EDRF-mediated relaxation was recovered from 61.6% to 76.0% after pretreatment with SOD. After exposure to OFR, EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was not significanlty impaired. However, the degree of impairment of EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh was recovered from 46.0% to 59.5% after pretreatment with SOD. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that OFR may impair mainly EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh and SOD may protect rnainly OFR-induced damage to EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Aorta* ; Blood Vessels ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Free Radicals* ; Norepinephrine ; Oxygen* ; Rats* ; Relaxation* ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

We report a rare case of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) in a patient with a preexisting penile prosthesis. In this case, we completed RARP without removing the reservoir by using a deflation-inflation technique, and there were no complications related to the prosthesis. The patient had a negative surgical margin. The preserved three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis continued to function properly in 1 month. Reservoir-preserving RARP is technically feasible and safe. However, it is important to be aware of device-related complications. Long-term studies on the mechanical survival rate and patient satisfaction should be also performed.
Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Penile Prosthesis ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Prostheses and Implants ; Robotics ; Survival Rate

Forty eight patients with cervical cancer underwent cystoscopy, computed tomography and transrectal and transvaginal ultrasonography. Transrectal ultrasonography was as accurate as computed tomography in the evaluation of the bladder wall invasion in cervical cancer. Most patients with bullous edema in cystoscopy appeared to have invasive lesions in transrectal ultrasonography. Transrectal ultrasonography was superior to transvaginal one in the evaluation of the posterior well of the bladder. In conclusion. transrectal ultrasonography is an another good diagnostic method for the evaluation of the bladder wall invasion in cervical cancer.
Cystoscopy ; Edema ; Humans ; Ultrasonography* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*