PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenomenon of diaschisis in the cerebellum and cerebral certex in patients with pure basal ganglia hemorrhage using cerebral blood flow SPECT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with pure basal ganglia hemorrhage were studied with Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT Asymmetric index (AI) was calculated in the cerebellum and cerebral cortical regions as |CR-CL|/(CR-CL)x200, where CR and GL and the mean reconstructed counts for the right and left ROIs, respectively. Hypoperfusion was considered to be present when AI was greater than mean+2 SD of 20 control subjects. RESULTS: Mean AI of the cerebellum and cerebral cortical regions in patients with pure basal ganglia hemorrhage was significantly higher than normal controls (p<0.05): Cerebellum (18.68+/-8.94 vs 4.35+/-0.94, mean+/-SD), thalamus (31.91+/-10.61 vs 2.57+/-1.45), basal ganglia (35.94+/-16.15 vs 4.34+/-2.08), parietal (18.94+/-10.69 vs 3.24+/-0.87), frontal (13.60+/-10.8 vs 4.02+/-2.04) and temporal cortex (18.92+/-11.95 vs 5.13+/-1.69). Ten of the 12 patients had significant hypoperfusion in the contralateral cerebellum. Hypoperfusion was also shown in the ipsilateral thalamus (n=12), ipsilateral parietal (n=12), frontal (n=6) and temporal cortex (n=10). CONCLUSION: Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) and cortical diaschisis may frequently occur in patients with pure basal ganglia hemorrhage, suggesting that CCD can develop without the interruption of corticopontocerebellar pathway.
Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage* ; Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Humans ; Rabeprazole ; Thalamus ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

No abstract available.
HLA-DR Antigens* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Spermatozoa*

The question of infectivity and prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis in Cheju province (Quelpart Island) was arisen to authors since the several surveys on the endemic diseases were performed in this island. Therefore, authors decided to solute this question. Then the survey on the possible second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis was performed and reported already with negative finding. At present time, authors carried out the collection of all kinds of fresh-water snails through all areas of this island, to confirm the presence or not of Parafossarulus manchouricus, the only first intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea . And the following results were obtained. The fresh-water snails collected in the survey were Semisulcospira libertina Gould and Lymnaea ollula Gould. Parafossarulus manchouricus Bourguigant was not collected in this island. It is confirmed that the Clonorchis sinensis can not be prevalent in this island.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-Clonorchis sinensis ; life cycle ; epidemology ; Parafossarulus manchouricus ; Semisulcospira libertina Gould ; Lymnaea ollula Gould

No abstract available.
HLA-DR Antigens* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

This study describes an evaluation of the sonographic, cholangiographic, pathological, and immunological findings, and the protective effect shown by rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis. Eight experimental rat groups were, namely, a normal control, a primary infection control, a reinfection I (reinfection 7 week after treatment following 3-week infection), a reinfection II (reinfection 2 week after treatment following 8-week infection), a reinfection III (exploration of the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection 4 week after treatment following 4-week infection), a superinfection, a secondary infection control, and an infection following immunization group. Sonographic and cholangiographic findings showed moderate or marked dilatation of the bile duct confluence in the primary infection control, reinfection II, and secondary infection control groups. Juvenile worms survived in the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection following treatment in the reinfection III group. It was concluded that reinfecting juvenile worms found during the first week following reinfection failed to survive or grow further. Anatomical, pathophysiological, or immunological changes may induce protection from reinfection in rats.
Animals ; Anthelmintics/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Helminth/blood ; Antigens, Helminth/administration & dosage/immunology ; Bile Duct Diseases/parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Cholangiography ; Clonorchiasis/parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Clonorchis sinensis/*pathogenicity ; Immunization ; Praziquantel/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sound Spectrography ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The changes in heart rate, systolic, mean and diastolic arterial blood pressure, and the plasma concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured before and thmughout the induction periods of anesthesia in 60 elective surgical patients in a randomized, double-blind manner to evaluate the effects of continuous intravenous infusion of esmolol for 1 minute at 500 ug/kg/min as a loading dose and for 4 minutes at 100 ug/kg/min as a maintenance dose. The control group (n=30) was given the continuous infusion of normal saline at the same volume-rate. During the study, anesthesia was maintained with N2O-O2-enflurane-vecuronium and controlled ventilation. In the esmolol group, statisticaUy, the heart rate at 1 minute after the intubation was less increased and systolic and diastolic pressure after 11 minutes were more decreased than the control group. And plasma norepinephrine concentration was elevated more than the control group at 3 minutes after the intubation. We concluded that the used infusion rate of esmolol blunted the hemodynamic changes following the laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation but it is still needed to find the dosage for complete blocking the adrenergic response.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Epinephrine ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous* ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Laryngoscopy ; Norepinephrine ; Plasma ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Plasma* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina is a rare hereditary disorder, which is characterized by progressive decrease of visual acuity, nyctalopia, visual field constriction and posterior subcapsular cataract. The authors experienced a case of gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina in a 22 year-old male.
Cataract ; Constriction ; Gyrate Atrophy* ; Humans ; Male ; Night Blindness ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: In evaluation of the limb fracture, MR scan has been used in limited roles as evaluating the associated soft tissue injury not the fracture itself. This study aims at understanding the possible role of MR in fracture. METHODS AND MATERIALS: thirty three sets of MR scans in twenty nine patients were retrospectively analyzed. They included twelve tibial plateau fractures, four pateliar fractures, four distal femur fractures, five epiphyseal fractures and four others. RESULTS: All MRs except two showed better image and more information about the extent of the injury (93.9%). Evaluation of cartilage (which was impossible on other modalities) was possible in 28 MR scans (84.8%). Surrounding marrow change associated with fracture was also able to be evaluated. Associated soft tissue injury or other abnormality could be evaluated-cruciate or collateral ligament injury, meniscus tear, chodromalacia or osteonecrosis. In epiphyseal injury, direct demonstrability of premature bony fusion on MR took a critical role in making a management plan. CONCLUSION: MR scan in fracture has its value in evaluating the extent and degree of the injury and it is especially advantageous in detecting cartilage injury and early complication of growth plate injury.
Bone Marrow ; Cartilage ; Collateral Ligaments ; Extremities* ; Femur ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Osteonecrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Soft Tissue Injuries

No abstract available.