A particular problem associated with osseointegrated implants is the fact that the implants lack a periodontal ligament. Thereby, marginal inflammation around an implant may cause more serious bone loss than does marginal inflammation around teeth with a periodontal ligament. In addition, osseointegrated implants are ankylosed and do not haute the same mobility as natural teeth with a periodontal ligament. Implants with a periodontal ligament would eliminate these problems. In order to explore the possibility of producing a periodontal ligament around titanium dental implants, a study of the attachment of cultured periodontal ligament cells to titanium was carried out. Periodontal ligament cells obtained from premolar teeth of individuals undergoing tooth extraction for orthodontic reasons were cultured on titanium-coated epon blocks. Sections of the blocks were cut perpendicular to the surface of the cell layer. Transmission electron microscopy of the periodntal ligament cells/titanium interface showed that there was no evidence of attachment at the cultured periodontal ligament cells titanium interface. The microfilaments, commonly located adjacent to the titanium surface, run mostly parallel to the titanium surface. The study showed that cultured periodontal ligament cells did not create an attachment structure on a titanium surface similar to that of natural teeth.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Bicuspid ; Dental Implants ; Inflammation ; Ligaments ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Titanium* ; Tooth ; Tooth Extraction

Fractures of the proximal humerus occur more frequently in older patients but are seen in all ages and emerge epiphyseal separations. The objectives of treatment are restoration of all involved structures to normal anatomical state and a completely functional limb in the shortest time possible. One part and two part fractures were indicated in conservative treatment and surgical treatment in most of three, four part fractures. The results of treatment of forty four cases according to Neer's classification were analysed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital from Mar. 1978 to Dec.1985. The results were as follows. 1. The prevalent age distribution was third and fifth decade(48%) . 2. The most common cause of injury was slip down(14 cases, 32%). 3. The most frequent cases of the fractures in Neer's classification were two part fractures(22 cases, 50%). 4. Thirty one cases(71%) were treated by conservative treatment, twelve cases(27%) by open reduction and 1 case(2%) by prosthesis. 5. Good results were in 23 cases(52%) of one and two part fractures, fair in 17 cases(39%) and poor in 4 cases(9%) of two, three and four part fractures.
Age Distribution ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Extremities ; Humans ; Humerus ; Jeollabuk-do ; Orthopedics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Shoulder Fractures

Diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna present high incidence of malunion and non-union because of difficulty in reduction and maintenance of two mobile, parallel bones in the presence of the pronating and supinating muscles which exert angulatory as well as rotational forces. Over the years various methods of open reduction and internal fixation or the closed method have been advocated, but open reduction, especially fixation with compression plate and screws resulted in more satisfactory results was proved recently by the major clinical reports. From March. 1977 to December. 1985, 59 cases of diaphysesl fractures of the forearm both bone in adult and children were managed in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital and comparisions have been made between the conservative treatment group and operative group. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The most common csuse of injury was fallen on the outstretched hand in children and traffic accident in adult. 2. The most frequent site of the fracture was middle one-third(50.8%). 3. The most common pattern of the fracture was stable fracture(50.1%). 4. The applied methods for management of the fractures include cast immobilization after manual reduction or skeletal traction, K-wire fixation, compression plate and screws, intramedullary nailing, and combined. 5. Comparision of conservative treated group with operative treated group was as follows. 1) In roentgenologically, excluding those complicated by nonunion or infection, average bone union time of conservative group in children and adolescence was 10.2 weeks and in adult was 16.7 weeks, and of operative group was 13.9 weeks. 2) According to Grace and Eversmann's evaluation, Satisfactory results were shown in 80.0% of children and adolescence group treated by conservative method and 86.7% of adult group trested by compression plate and screws. 3) Among the various internal fixstion methods, compression plate and screws method was the best measure for rapid bone union and functional recovery in adult. 4) Any marked difference between each group was not seen in nonunion, but angulstory and rotational deformity were more common in conservative group and infection was developed 2 cases in operative group only. 6. There was no noticesble difference between each treatment in children and adolescence, but operative treatment, especially compression plate and screws, in adult was more superior to conservative treatment with. regard to bone union time and functional result.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Forearm ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hand ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Methods ; Muscles ; Orthopedics ; Radius ; Traction ; Ulna

Nine patients of clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1.0T. The MS plaques were seen in the brain and spinal cord in eight and three patients. respectively. The frequent sites of MS plaques were periventricular white matter, brain stem, and cervical cord. The shape of most brain MS plaques was round or finger-like configuration. The MS plaques showed high signal intensity on R2 weighted images and low or iso signal intensity on T1 weighted images in all nine cases. Contrast enhancement was seen in 4 cases. Mild brain atrophy was noted in 2 cases and mass effect in 1 case. The sites of cord MS plaques in three patients were C2-C4, C2-C5, and C4-C6 levels respectively. The cord MS plaques showed high signal intensity on T2 weighted image and contrast enhancement on Gd-DTPA enhanced T1 weighted images in all 3cases with mild cord expansion in 2 cases. In conclusion, MRI is a useful diagnostic tool in evaluationg the MS plaques involving central nervous system.
Atrophy ; Brain ; Brain Stem ; Central Nervous System ; Cervical Cord ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Multiple Sclerosis* ; Spinal Cord ; White Matter

Simulated three-dimensional (3D) imaging represents reformation of conventional sectional imaging data into a series of images that closely resemble the original studied structure. We tried to make 3D mucosal surface images of the sinonasal cavities, pharynx and larynx, and evaluated the feature of normal anatomy in 28 subjects. In the sinonasal cavities, 3D imaging was capable of demonstrating the inner wall of paranasal sinuses and its openings, and general status status of the nasal cavity. In the nasal cavity. In the nasopharynx, 3D imaging provided an easy concept of sectional images as 3D picture and displayed anatomic subsites and lesions comparable to that in fiberscope. In addition, 3D imaging had advantages in overcoming the technical limitations in fiberscope. In the larynx and hypopharynx, 3D imaging gave a 3D concept of the laryngeal structures and presented additive information not seen in axial iamges thus enabling access to regions beyond the scope of fiberscope. In conclusion, 3D imaging allows an easy conceptualization of transaxial CT images in complex anatomic areas and provides additional in formations undetectable in transaxial CT. We believe that the spaces of the sinonasal cavities, pharynx and larynx would be a new field of application of 3D image.
Hypopharynx ; Larynx* ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharynx ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Pharynx*

Simulated three-dimensional (3D) imaging represents reformation of conventional sectional imaging data into a series of images that closely resemble the original studied structure. We tried to make 3D mucosal surface images of the sinonasal cavities, pharynx and larynx, and evaluated the feature of normal anatomy in 28 subjects. In the sinonasal cavities, 3D imaging was capable of demonstrating the inner wall of paranasal sinuses and its openings, and general status status of the nasal cavity. In the nasal cavity. In the nasopharynx, 3D imaging provided an easy concept of sectional images as 3D picture and displayed anatomic subsites and lesions comparable to that in fiberscope. In addition, 3D imaging had advantages in overcoming the technical limitations in fiberscope. In the larynx and hypopharynx, 3D imaging gave a 3D concept of the laryngeal structures and presented additive information not seen in axial iamges thus enabling access to regions beyond the scope of fiberscope. In conclusion, 3D imaging allows an easy conceptualization of transaxial CT images in complex anatomic areas and provides additional in formations undetectable in transaxial CT. We believe that the spaces of the sinonasal cavities, pharynx and larynx would be a new field of application of 3D image.
Hypopharynx ; Larynx* ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharynx ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Pharynx*

No abstract available.
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections*

From 1989 to 1996, push back palatoplasty, 2-flap palatoplasty and Furlow's palatoplasty were the main procedures of cleft palate repair in our institute. To compare the maxillary growth state of patients in each palatoplasty group, evaluation of dental occlusion and cephalometric analysis were performed in total 50 patients. The results were as follows: 1. Normal control group was composed of 17 children who didn't have cleft lip or cleft palate. Mean values of cephalometric data in the normal control group were 6.19 cm in SN length, 1.17cm in ONA length, 7.29cm in effective maxillary length 53.88degree in SNO angle, and 82.41 degree in SNA angle. 2. Fourteen patients who underwent push-back palatoplasty showed anterior crossbite in all cases. SNO angle and SNA angle were significantly decreased compared to the normal control group, which indicated significant impairment of maxillary growth. 3. In seventeen patients who underwent 2-flap palatoplasty, 7 patients showed anterior crossbite. Cephalometric parameters showed no significant difference compared to the normal control group. 4. Nineteen patients underwent Furlow's palatoplasty. In this group, 3 patients had anterior crossbite. Cephalometric parameters showed no significant difference compared to the normal control group. Although this report was based on data acquired from patients before the age of complete maxillary growth, our results suggested that each palatoplasty would have a different influence on maxillary growth.
Child ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Dental Occlusion ; Facial Bones* ; Humans ; Malocclusion

Authors presented the serial changes of brain MRI findings in two cases of cryptococcal meningitis. The MRI findings of the first patient (53-year-old female) consisted of dilated Virchow-Robin spaces, leptomeningeal enhancement, cryptococcomas and hydrocephalus. Dilated Virchow-Robin spaces were noted on the first MR obtained 33 days after symptom onset. The size and number of dilated Virchow-Robin space gradually decreased since 119 days after symptom onset (62 days after treatment). Faint leptomeningeal enhancement was found at cerebellar region on the first MRI, which became more distinct and intense on the day 119, probably due to improper treatment. The leptomeningeal enhancement decreased on the day 156. Mild hydrocephalus was noted on MRI obtained 70 days after symptom onset, which markedly aggravated on the day 119. It decreased after steroid therapy alone. Enhancing crytococcomas of variable size were noted at the right temporal lobe and cerebellum on MRI of the day 119, which decreased in size and number on the day 156. On the day 295 MRI showed nearly disppearance of the dilated Virchow-Robin space, but faint leptomeningeal enhancement, cerebellar crytococcomas and hydrocephalus still remained. The MRI findings of the second patient (36-year-old female) showed the findings similar to those of the first patient. Initial MRI obtained 18 days after symptom onset showed no abnormal findings. Dilated Virchow-robin spaces were noted on the day 36 (13 days after treatment onset), which nearly disappeared on the day 109. Enhancing cryptococcomas in both basal ganglia and cerebral cortex and leptomeningeal enhancement were noted on MRI of the day 136. Both cryptococcomas and leptomeningeal enhancement decreased in size and enhancing degree on the day 157. Hydrocephalus was noted on the day 109.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Cerebral Cortex ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal ; Temporal Lobe