A 7-year-old girl had a 7 × 6cm sized dark red colored tumor on the left elbow and several erythematous macules on the face, right upper arm, and both thighs. Her general health was good and all laboratory findings were within normal limit. Histopathologic examination revealed an infiltration of atypical mononuclear cells in the dermis and subcutis. L26 and leukocyte common antigen were positively stained in an immunohistochemical study. According to clinical, histological and immunohistochemical findings, we diagnosed the disease as primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma. The patient's skin lesions markedly improved after a surgical excision and chemotherapy.
Antigens, CD45 ; Arm ; Child ; Dermis ; Drug Therapy ; Elbow ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Skin ; Thigh

Backgroud : The number of proliferating cell populations in the hair is follicles is closely related to the regulation of hair growth. Destruction of hair germ cells and the loss of proliferating cells have been suggested to be of major pathogenetic significance in alopecia areata OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to compare the growth frrections in proliferating cells of normal hair follicles with those in alopecia. METHODS: An immunohiatochemical study was done to detect the proliferating cells in hair follicles using a monoclonal antibody against proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in the scalp biopsy of an alopecia patient on the peraffin embedded sections. RESULTS: A significant decrease of the labelling indeces of PCNA were observed in the hair follicles of alopecia compared with normal condition. But we could not find significant differences of labelling index in the clinical types of alopecia, responses to treatment, anc systemic immunologic state. CONCLUSIONS : Whole the above results confirmed that significant decreases of proliferating cells in the hair follicle could explain the part of the pathogenetic mechanism in alopecia, its direct cause which inhibit the proliferation of cells is not clear.
Alopecia Areata ; Alopecia* ; Biopsy ; Germ Cells ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Scalp

No abstract available.
Cyclic GMP* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Gene Expression* ; Humans*

PURPOSE:The most important regulatory factor for IGF-I and IGFBP-3 known so far GH and food intake. Poor nutrition in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) increase morbidity during treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the changes of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration during induction chemotherapy in 13 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. METHODS:13 children aged between 1.6 and 13.5 years with ALL were studied the changes of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration before, at 2 and 4 weeks after induction chemotherapy. Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured using radioimmunoassay. Results : 1) Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration before induction chemotherapy in ALL patient was significantly lower than the those of normal control(p<0.05). 2) Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration at 2 weeks of induction chemotherapy were significantly higher than the those of the basal levels (p<0.05). 3) Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration at 4 weeks after induction chemotherapy were significantly higher than the those of the basal levels (p<0.05). Conclusion : Concentration of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in patients with ALL were significantly increased during induction chemotherapy. These results are probably related to improvement of nutritional status following induction chemotherapy.
Child* ; Eating ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Nutritional Status ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Radioimmunoassay

No abstract available.
Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female

We noticed a group of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine fractures showing a unique fracture pattern that consisted of 1) superior disc injury, 2) crush fracture of the upper half of the vertebral body, 3) sagittal fracture of the lower half of the vertebral body, 4) bone fragments in the spinal canal, and 5) lamina fracture. Some of these fracture patterns were present in type B burst fracture of Denis classification. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference between crush-cleavage fracture and type B burst fracture in the viewpoint of neural canal involvement and neurologic status, and functional outcome with surgical treatment. Ten cases were identified as crush-cleavage fractures in 22 type B burst fractures during a 5 year period from Mar. 1989 to Jun. 1993 at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Chonbuk National University Hospital. Four out of 10 crush-cleavage fractures and 4 out of 12 type B burst fractures were paraparetic. Crush-cleavage fracture must be an unstable thoracolumbar comminuted fracture, but there were no significant differences in the neural canal involvement, incidence of neurologic deficit, and in the functional outcome, compared with type B burst fracture (P>0.05). It could be classified as a progressed form of type B burst fracture in Denis classification, or as a burst-split fracture in Magerl classification in the anatomical viewpoint. In conclusion, crush-cleavage fracture must be a variant of burst fracture.
Classification ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Neural Tube ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orthopedics ; Spinal Canal ; Spine

Emphysematous gangrene of the lower extremity in a diabetic patient due to minor trauma is being presented. The gas originating from the extremity extended along to fascial planes into the pelvic cavity, scrotal region, retroperitoneal space, and abdominal wall. CT demonstrated the pathways of upward extension of emphysematousgangrene. Anatomic pathways of the spread of the disease are insertions of the iliopsoas, piriformis and obturator internus muscles, and their fascial investments, and the endopelvic fascia. Anatomic pathways on CT and the roleof CT are discussed.
Abdominal Wall ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Gangrene* ; Humans ; Investments ; Lower Extremity* ; Muscles

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients admitted to emergency rooms with ocular chemical injuries, the substances responsible for such injuries, in order to improve their prevention and treatment. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 73 patients admitted to the hospital with ocular chemical injuries from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2010. The subjects were divided into groups based on the PSS (poisoning severity score) grade of their injuries, where grades 0 and 1 were classified as the low group (low PSS) and grades 2 and 3 were classified as the high group (high PSS). There were 28 subjects in the low PSS group (38.3%) and 45 subjects in the high PSS group (61.6%). The results were retrospectively reviewed by examining the medical records of the patients. RESULTS: Upon their arrival to the hospital, the most common symptoms were red eye (50.7%), pain (39.7%), and eye irritation (39.7%). Red eyes were more frequently observed from 27 persons (60%) in the high PSS group (p=0.04). The most common causative substances were chemicals and adhesives/glues for both groups (21 cases each). Among the 15 patients exposed to acids or alkalis, 13 patients belonged to the high PSS group. Only two patients visited the hospital after having washed their eyes. CONCLUSION: Worse damage was observed from work-related exposure (including alkali or acid exposure), causing red eye and ocular chemical injuries. Onsite first aid was lacking.
Alkalies ; Burns, Chemical ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Eye Injuries* ; First Aid ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Occupational Exposure ; Poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Therapeutic Irrigation

To investigate the relationship between calcium oxalate stone formation and pathological change of the rat kidney, the early phases of calcium oxalate crystal formation in rat kidneys after intraperitoneal challenge with sodium oxalate were examined at various time interval. The number, size and distribution of the calcium oxalate particles, which were formed intraluminally in proximal tubule, depend on the pathological change according to the time interval after its injection. Tubular obstruction and dilatation due to cellular edema followed by necrosis of tubules and interstitial inflammation were related with increase in number and size of the calcium oxalate particles.
Animals ; Calcium Oxalate ; Dilatation ; Edema ; Inflammation ; Kidney* ; Necrosis ; Oxalic Acid* ; Rats* ; Sodium*

OBJECTIVE: Esophageal/hypopharyngeal injury can be a disastrous complication of anterior cervical surgery. The amount of hypopharyngeal wall exposure within the surgical field has not been studied. The objective of this study is to evaluate the chance of hypopharyngeal wall exposure by measuring the amount of axial rotation of the thyroid cartilage (ARTC) and posterior projection of the hypopharynx (PPH). METHODS: The study was prospectively designed using intraoperative ultrasonography. We measured the amount of ARTC in 27 cases. The amount of posterior projection of the hypopharynx (PPH) also was measured on pre-operative CT and compared at three different levels; the superior border of the thyroid cartilage (SBTC), cricoarytenoid joint and tip of inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage (TIHTC). The presence of air density was also checked on the same levels. RESULTS: The angle of ARTC ranged from -6.9degrees to 29.7degrees, with no statistical difference between the upper and lower cervical group. The amount of PPH was increased caudally. Air densities were observed in 26 cases at the SBTC, but none at the TIHTC. CONCLUSION: Within the confines of the thyroid cartilage, surgeons are required to pay more attention to the status of hypopharynx/esophagus near the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage. The hypopharynx/esophagus at the TIHTC is more likely to be exposed than at the upper and middle part of the thyroid cartilage, which may increase the risk of injury by pressure. Surgeons should be aware of the fact that the visceral component at C6-T1 surgeries also rotates as much as when the thyroid cartilage is engaged with a retractor. The esophagus at lower cervical levels warrants more careful retraction because it is not protected by the thyroid cartilage.
Animals ; Esophagus ; Horns ; Hypopharynx ; Joints ; Prospective Studies ; Thyroid Cartilage ; Thyroid Gland