No abstract available.
Mass Screening* ; Prospective Studies*

In 1974, bipolar endoprosthesis was first introduced by Bateman & Giliberty. It has theoretical advantages including minimizing acetabular wear, possible reduction of incidence of stem loosening, lessening of dislocation and easy revision procedure. Various methods for the treatment of fracture of the femur neck have been developed & performed, but it is still called “the unsolved fracture” in certain situation. But the role of it as primary treatment of fracture of the femur neck continues to be controversial. Current clinical results encourage its continued use and expansion of indication. Authors reviewed and analysed 21 cases of bicentric endoprosthesis and 1 case of Giliberty endoprosthesis those have been operated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center from 1981 to 1983. Following results were obtained, l. According to disorder distribution, 14 cases were neglected fracture of femur neck, 2 old fracture, 1 idiopathic femoral head necrosis and 2 avascular necrosis & 1 non-union complicated by femoral neck fracture. 2. Among 20 cases, 8 cases were operated within 1/2 1 month after injury and 6 cases within 1 3months 3. Harris lateral appmach was used in 16 cases (80%) and Modified Gibson approach in 4 cases (20%). There were no significant differences in morbidity during operation and postoperative complication. 4. We used femoral stems those head diameter was 22 and 32mm(Charnley & Miiller type) and head pieces those diameter was 48-51 mm in male and 44–48 mm in Ifemale. 5. 3 cases were stiff in inner bearing without acetabular erosion. 6. In 6 cases more than 2 years followup 1 degree CE angle of Wiberg was increased in 2 cases of youngage respectively without associated hip joint pain. 7. Although inclination of head piece was vertical in 8 cases, fracture and dislocation were not found. 8. The circumference of head piece and opposite femoral head was measured and compared. There were 12 cases (mean 12.6 mm) that of head piece larger than opposite femoral head and 3 cases smaller than opposite femoral head. 9. There was 4 cases of complication (3 patients) and still no reoperation and revision converted to T.H.R. 10. With regard to average 18 months of follow-up, 7 cases of 81–90 Harris hip-rating score, 6 of 91–100, 4 of 71–80 and 3 of 61–70.
Acetabulum ; Dislocations ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation

We performed treat the 41 eyes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment to scleral encircling.The causes of retinal detachment were unidentifiable breaks (10 eyes), high myopia (8 eyes), pseudophakia or aphakia (8 eyes), giant tear (8 eyes)and multiple holes (7 eyes). Overall the reattachment ratewas 80.5% (33/41 eyes). The anatomic success rate was relatively high (85.7%)in eyes with giant tear, high myopia and multiple hole but relatively low in eyes with breaks unidentified (60%) or pseudophakic and aphakic retinal detachment (75%). Among those 33 eyes, functional success was achived in 27 eyes (81.8%). We achieved higher functional success rate in pseudophakia or aphakia, multiple hole and high myopia (over 83.3%) but low functional success rate in unidentifiable breaks (66.7%)and giant tear (71.4%). Our results suggest other treatments such as pars plana vitrectomy should be considered to treat eyes with retinal detachment of breaks unidentified, although scleral encircling has been used conventially.
Aphakia ; Myopia ; Pseudophakia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Vitrectomy

No abstract available.
Ganglioglioma*

No abstract available.

Neurogenic tumors of the brachial plexus region are relatively rare. We report a recent experience of schwannoma of the right brachial plexus in the inferior trunk, which was successfully treated by microsurgical resection. A 38-year- old man presented a dysesthetic pain in the supraclavicular area and the right forearm of C6, 7 dermatome. Rubbery hard mass was palpated in the right supraclavicular area and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well circumscribed, well enhanced ovoid mass with cystic degeneration on the right brachial plexus portion. The patient underwent complete removal of the mass through the anterior cervicothoracic (modified Dartevelle) approach. At the postoperative 3 months, there is no neurologic deficit.
Brachial Plexus* ; Forearm ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurilemmoma* ; Neurologic Manifestations

This study evaluated the influence of application time of self-etching primers on microtensile bond strength (microTBS) to dentin using three self-etching primer adhesive systems. Dentin surfaces were exposed from forty-eight human molars. They were conditioned with three self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond [SE], Unifil Bond [UF], Tyrian SPE + One Step Plus [TY]) and different primining times (10s, 20s, 30s and 40s). Composite resins were bonded to dentin surfaces and specimens were made. microTBS was tested and statistically compared using by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's Test The results of this study presented that priming time for 10s in SE and UF groups and for 30s and 40s in TY group was highly decreased microTBS to dentin.
Adhesives ; Composite Resins ; Dentin* ; Humans ; Molar

The purpose of this study was to compare the microhardness and the fluoride content of enamel and dentin around fluoride- or non fluoride-containing restorations. Forty extracted human teeth were used and prepared cervical cavities on proximal surface. Experimental teeth were divided into five groups. Group 1 : Prime & Bond NT and Z100, Group 2 : Prime & Bond NT and F2000, Group 3 : Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and Z100, Group 4 : Scothcbond Multi-purpose and F2000, Group 5 : Fuji II LC. The cavities were filled with dentin adhesives and restorative materials. After each tooth was bisected, one half was tested microhardness and the other half was analyzed the fluoride at the enamel and dentin by an EPMA-WDX device. The results were as follows: 1. There was no statistical difference among the microhardness of enamel surface in all group. 2. The microhardness at dentin of 100 microm point in Group 2 and 20 microm point in Group 4 was lower than that of normal dentin (p>0.05). 3. There was no statistical difference among the fluoride content of enamel surface in all group. 4. The fluoride content at the dentin of 30 microm point in Group 2 and 5 were higher than those at 100 microm and 200 microm point in Group 2 and normal dentin (p<0.05). 5. At the dentin of 30 microm point, Group 2 showed higher fluoride content than Group 1 and 3, and Group 5 showed higher fluoride content than other groups.
Adhesives ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Fluorides* ; Humans ; Tooth*

BACKGROUND: Clonidine has been regarded as an adequate supplementary anesthetic during epidural anesthesia and has been used with local anesthetics such as bupivacaine or lidocaine to support the effects of these anesthetics. The authors would examine whether clonidine is an adequate supplementary anesthetic when it is used with ropivacaine during epidural anesthesia. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy patients undergoing a hip or lower limb surgery were divided into two groups. In group 1, 0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml was administered. In group 2, 0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml combined with clonidine 150 micro gram was administered. Onset, duration and maximal height of sensory block were assessed. Sedation score, blood pressure and heart rate were measured. RESULTS: Duration of sensory block of group 2 was significantly longer than that of group 1. Sedation score of group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1. Blood pressure of group 2 was significantly lower than that of group 1 at 50 min, 70 min and 90 min after epidural injection. No significant differences were observed in onset of sensory block and heart rate between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of clonidine to ropivacaine during epidural anesthesia prolonged duration of sensory block and produced useful sedation. It caused relatively stable hemodynamic changes. These results suggest that clonidine is an adequate supplementary anesthetic when it is used with ropivacaine during epidural anesthesia.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Local ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine ; Clonidine* ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Hip ; Humans ; Injections, Epidural ; Lidocaine ; Lower Extremity ; Sympathetic Nervous System

BACKGROUND: Although spinal anesthesia has a lot of advantages, it has some disadvantages or undesirable effects. Hypotension and unnecessarily long neural blockade are included among them. Although using small dose local anesthetics fairly solves these problems, it is insufficient to provide reliable surgical anesthesia by itself. Therefore the authors investigated whether such an opioid as fentanyl and a small dose local anesthetic used together during spinal anesthesia can prevent hypotension and unnecessarily long neural blockade and provide reliable surgical anesthesia simultaneously. METHODS: Thirty patients undergoing knee or below knee surgery were randomized into two groups. Group 1 received bupivacaine 5 mg combined with fentanyl 20 micro gram, and group 2 received 10 mg bupivacaine. Hypotension was recorded and was treated with intravenous ephedrine. Sensory blockade, intraoperative analgesia, motor blockade and side effects were assessed. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in values for assessing hypotension, sensory blockade or intraoperative analgesia between the two groups. Also no significant differences were observed in intensity of the motor blockade and side effects between the two groups. However the duration of the motor blockade of group 1 was longer significantly than that of group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Small dose bupivacaine and fentanyl administered together intrathecally reduced duration of motor blockade and didn't augment of side effects and provided reliable anesthesia for surgery of knee or below knee simultaneously.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine* ; Ephedrine ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Knee