No abstract available.
Mass Screening* ; Prospective Studies*

In 1974, bipolar endoprosthesis was first introduced by Bateman & Giliberty. It has theoretical advantages including minimizing acetabular wear, possible reduction of incidence of stem loosening, lessening of dislocation and easy revision procedure. Various methods for the treatment of fracture of the femur neck have been developed & performed, but it is still called “the unsolved fracture” in certain situation. But the role of it as primary treatment of fracture of the femur neck continues to be controversial. Current clinical results encourage its continued use and expansion of indication. Authors reviewed and analysed 21 cases of bicentric endoprosthesis and 1 case of Giliberty endoprosthesis those have been operated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center from 1981 to 1983. Following results were obtained, l. According to disorder distribution, 14 cases were neglected fracture of femur neck, 2 old fracture, 1 idiopathic femoral head necrosis and 2 avascular necrosis & 1 non-union complicated by femoral neck fracture. 2. Among 20 cases, 8 cases were operated within 1/2 1 month after injury and 6 cases within 1 3months 3. Harris lateral appmach was used in 16 cases (80%) and Modified Gibson approach in 4 cases (20%). There were no significant differences in morbidity during operation and postoperative complication. 4. We used femoral stems those head diameter was 22 and 32mm(Charnley & Miiller type) and head pieces those diameter was 48-51 mm in male and 44–48 mm in Ifemale. 5. 3 cases were stiff in inner bearing without acetabular erosion. 6. In 6 cases more than 2 years followup 1 degree CE angle of Wiberg was increased in 2 cases of youngage respectively without associated hip joint pain. 7. Although inclination of head piece was vertical in 8 cases, fracture and dislocation were not found. 8. The circumference of head piece and opposite femoral head was measured and compared. There were 12 cases (mean 12.6 mm) that of head piece larger than opposite femoral head and 3 cases smaller than opposite femoral head. 9. There was 4 cases of complication (3 patients) and still no reoperation and revision converted to T.H.R. 10. With regard to average 18 months of follow-up, 7 cases of 81–90 Harris hip-rating score, 6 of 91–100, 4 of 71–80 and 3 of 61–70.
Acetabulum ; Dislocations ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation

No abstract available.
Varicocele*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the significance of increased bone density according to whether bone grafts were applied using demographic data with Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and to compare the bone densities between before and after implant prosthesis using the Hounsfield index. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six randomly selected computed tomography (CT) scans were used for the analysis. The same sites were evaluated digitally using the Hounsfield scale with V-Implant 2.0(TM), and the results were compared with maxillary posterior bone graft. Statistical data analysis was carried out to determine the correlation between the recorded Hounsfield unit (HU) of the bone graft and implant prosthesis using a Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Matched-pairs test. RESULTS: The bone grafted maxillary posterior teeth showed an increase in the mean values from-157 HU to 387 HU, whereas non-grafted maxillary posterior teeth showed an increase from 62 HU to 342 HU. After implantation, the grafted and non-grafted groups showed significantly higher bone density than before implantation. However, the grafted group showed significantly more changes than the non-grafted group. CONCLUSION: Bone density measurements using CBCT might provide an objective assessment of the bone quality as well as the correlation between bone density (Hounsfield scale) and bone grafts in the maxillary molar area.
Bone Density ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Dental Implants ; Molar ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the basal serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in the presence of normal serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) are useful as a prognostic indicator of ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). METHODS: From January 1997 to January 1999, 91 infertile women with tubal factor who had undergone in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were enrolled in the present study. COH was performed using long protocol of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist. All patients included in this study had blood samples drawn on cycle day 2 or 3 prior to COH for measurement of basal FSH and LH. Women who had other infertility factors or high basal FSH levels (> or = 8.5 mIU/ml) were excluded from this study. The results of COH and IVF-ET were compared between two groups according to the level of basal LH (low LH group [< 3mIU/ml] vs. control group [> or = 3mIU/ml]). RESULTS: Patient's characteristics were comparable in both groups except basal LH level. The number of ampules and duration of exogenous gonadotropins required were significantly higher in the low LH group than those in the control group (p<0.001; p<0.005, respectively). The number of follicles > or = 14mm diameter on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection was significantly less in the low LH group than that in the control group (p<0.001). The serum estradiol level on the day of hCG injection was also significantly lower in the low LH group, with 1115.5 +/- 380.9 pg/ml compared with 1340.6 +/- 403.0 pg/ml in the control group (p<0.005). There were significantly lower numbers in oocytes retrieved, oocytes fertilized and embryos frozen in the low LH group than those in the control group (< 0.001; < 0.001; <0.005, respectively). However, there was no difference in the fertilization rate between the two groups. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle seemed to be lower in the low LH group, but the difference did not achieve significance (26.2% vs 39.7%). There were no differences in the miscarriage rate and multiple pregnancy rate between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the low basal LH levels ( < 3 mIU/ml) could be predictive of low ovarian response to COH and poor IVF results.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Estradiol ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infertility ; Lutein* ; Luteinizing Hormone* ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Pregnancy, Multiple

We report a case of delayed cerebral infarction due to stent longitudinal folding deformation following carotid artery stenting using a self-expandable stent with an open-cell design. The stented segment of the left common carotid artery was divided into two different lumens by this folding deformation, and the separated lumens became restricted with in-stent thrombosis. Although no established method of managing this rare complication exists, a conservative approach was taken with administration of anticoagulant and dual antiplatelet therapy. No neurological symptoms were observed during several months of clinical follow-up after discharge.
Aged ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Carotid Arteries/radiography ; Cerebral Infarction/*diagnosis/therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Stents/*adverse effects ; Thrombosis/drug therapy/*etiology ; Ticlopidine/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Argon laser photocoagulation in patients with conjunctival nevus. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients (27 eyes) who were clinically diagnosed with conjunctival nevus from January to September 2003 were included in this study. The conjunctival nevus was eliminated by Argon laser after topical anesthesia with proparacaine. The power density varied between 200 and 400 mW and the spot size ranged from 100 to 300 microgram. The duration of argon laser was 0.15~0.2 sec. The spot count was varied according to the size and degree of pigment density of conjunctival nevus. The mean follow-up period was 7.0 months. RESULTS: The wounds after Argon laser treatment were completely healed within 1 week. Twenty-three eyes were treated completely with only one laser treatment but 4 needed an additional laser treatment for more satisfactory cosmetic results. There were no postoperative complications such as infections, conjunctival degeneration or recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Argon laser treatment for conjunctival nevus has benefits such as no intraoperative hemorrhage, low recurrence rate, easier method and good cosmetic results.
Anesthesia ; Argon* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Nevus* ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: We investigated the occurrence rate of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in general population of elementary school children, accompanied symptoms, symptom-aggravating factors such as emotional stresses, food and personality characters, which time of day the pain develops and whether they visited hospital for RAP. METHODS: From 1995. 4.27. to 1995. 5. 12. questionnaires were given to the parents of 1,783 elementary school children in Seoul. The qestions were as follow; 1) Have your child ever experienced abdominal pain more than 3 months and more than 3 times? 2) Were there any accompanied symptoms? 3) Does emotional stress encrease or induce the abdominal pain of your child? 4) Which time of day does the abdominal pain occur? 5) Have your child visited hospital for the RAP? 6)How is your child's personality and emotional characters? 7) Which foods induce or aggravate the abdominal pain? 8) Does your child with RAP like meat foods or vegetable foods? 9) If you think an emotional stressful factor for RAP, do you have such factors in the environment of your child? RESULTS: 1) Among the 1,783 children, 296 children had RAP (16.6%), boys 143 (15.4%), girl 153 (7.9%). The distribution of school grade of the children with RAP were in the order of the 2nd. grade (23.5%), 5th. grade (19.6%), 4th grade (15.8%), 6th. grade (15.0%), 1st. grade (14.3%), and 3rd.grade (11.9). 2) Symptoms which were accompained with abdominal pain was poor appetite (35.1%), diarrhea (31.8%), headache (27.1%), constipation (21.7%) vomiting (18.4%), urinary symptoms (11.1%) and 73 children (24.4%) had no accompanied symptom. 3) In 181 children (60.5% of RAP children), abdominal pain was induced or aggravated by emotional or psychologic stress. 4) In 130 children (43.5% of RAP children) abdominal pain occurred at postprandial time, in 80 children (28.6%) before meal, and in 70 children (23.4) early morning or night time. 5) Main personality characteristics of children with RAP were poor self confidences (111, 37.1%), strong desires for sucess (104,34.8%), and compulsivenesses (55,18.4%). 6) 135 children with RAP (45.2%) visited doctor due to RAP 7) Foods which induced or aggravated the abdominal symptoms were dairy food (56 children,19.4% of RAP children), greasy food (50,17.3%), wheat (29,10%), pork (21,7.3%) and in 165 children with RAP (57.1) foods had no relation with the abdominal pain. 8) 218 children with RAP (75.4%) liked meat foods (75.4%), and 73 children (25.3%) vegetable foods. 9) Specific emotional stresses of children with RAP which were described by the parents were school problems in 41 children (14.2%), divorces of parents in 3 children (1.4%). CONCLUSIONS: RAP in school children were more frequent than previously reported. We suspected organic causes for the RAP in many children who developed abdominal pain at night time, who had some accompanied symptoms, whose symptoms had no relation with emotional stresses or foods. Further active investigations in children with RAP are needed to elucidate the role of associated disorders.
Abdominal Pain* ; Appetite ; Child* ; Constipation ; Diarrhea ; Divorce ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Meals ; Meat ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul* ; Stress, Psychological ; Triticum ; Vegetables ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Since reperfusion early after acute myocardial infarction has been demonstrated to reduce the infarct size and mortality, many drugs and interventions to reduce the reperfusion injury have been tried with limited success. Adenosine, a potent coronary vasodilator, has been reported to counteract a few mechanisms implicated with reperfusion injury, however, its effects and exact mechanisms to reduce the reperfusion injury have not been clearly elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Effects of adenosine upon infarct size reduction and upon postulated mechanisms involved in the reperfusion injury such as no reflow phenomenon and neutrophil infiltration were evaluated in anesthetized open chest dog model where acute myocardial infarction was induced by 90 minute left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 240 minute reperfusion. Adenosine(3.75 mg/min) was administered intravenously for total 90 minutes from 30 minutes before reperfusion. Compared to control group(n=6), infarct area/risk area ratio was significantly lower in adenosine group(n=6)(34+12% vs. 22+/-11, p=0.04), although risk area/total left ventricular area ratio were similar in both groups. Myocardial blood flows(MBF), measured by radiolabelled microspheres, of the infarcted regions during coronary occlusion were similar in both groups, however, both subepicardial MBF(0.63+/-0.15ml/min/g vs. 0.95+/-0.31, p=0.02) and subendocardial MBF(0.45+/-0.08 ml/min/g vs. 0.69+/-0.27, p=0.02) were higher in daenosine group. Neutrophil infiltration, semiquantitatively measured under light microscope, were less severe in daenosine group,compared to control group. CONCLUSION: Intravenous adenosine administered before coronary reperfusion appears to reduce infarct size by limiting reperfusion injury through improving no reflow phenomenon and preventing neutrophil infiltration to the ischemic myocardium during reperfusion.
Adenosine* ; Animals ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels ; Dogs* ; Microspheres ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Myocardium ; Neutrophil Infiltration ; No-Reflow Phenomenon ; Reperfusion Injury* ; Reperfusion* ; Thorax*

To validate ventricular diastolic phase parameters of reconstructed transmitral flow rate curve by M-mode, 2-dimensional and pulsed Doppler Echocardiography, these parameters were compared with same parameters by left ventriculography. The study population was 22 patients who received both coronary arteriography and echocardiographic examination. Transmitral flow rate curve and left ventricular filling volume curve were reconstructed from transmitral flow velocity curve by pulsed Doppler, mitral annulus diameter by two diameter by two dimensional and diastolic motion of both mitral leafltes by M-mode echocardiography. From left ventriculography, left ventricular filling volume curve and transmitral flow rate curve were made using area-length method by Sandler and Dodge. From trasmitral flow fraction, 1/2 diastolic time filling fraction, normalized peak filling volume, 1/3 diastolic time filling fraction, 1/2 diastolic time fraction, normalized peak early filling rate and ratio of early to late peak filling rate were measured. Correlation between same parameters derived from echocardiography and left ventriculography were observed. 1) Total diastolic filling volume:correlation coefficient r=0.47, P<0.05. 2) 1/3 diastolic time filling fraction:correlation coefficient r=0.90, P<0.001. 3) 1/2 diastolic time filling fraction:correlation coefficient r=0.80, P<0.001. 4) Normalized peak early filling rate:correlation coefficient r=0.57, P<0.01. 5) Ratio of early to late peak filling rate:correlation coefficient r=0.85, P<0.001. Therefore, left ventricular diastolic phase parameters of reconstructed transmitral flow rate curve using, M-mode, 2-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography seems to be useful for the noninvasive evaluation of the left ventricular diastolic function.
Angiography ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler* ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed ; Humans