No abstract available.
Animals ; Ovum* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Atelectasis*

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the individual and regional characteristics that influence suicidal ideation among the Korean elderly population.METHODS: Using data collected from the 2013 Korea Community Health Survey, a multilevel analysis was performed to establish an understanding of individual behavioral patterns and regional influences on suicidal ideation.RESULTS: Among the 77,407 individuals sampled, 11,236 (14.5%) elderly people over 60 years of age experienced suicidal ideation. Among individual factors, age, frequency of communication with friends, religious activity, social activity, leisure activity, trust in neighbors, subjective stress level, depressive symptoms, and subjective health status were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. The results showed that the lower the regional deprivation level, the higher the suicidal ideation odds ratio. In terms of regional size, the most significant effects were found in rural areas.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that suicidal ideation in the elderly is associated with community factors, such as the regional deprivation index, as well as personal factors.
Age Factors ; Aged ; Depression ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Friends ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Korea ; Leisure Activities ; Multilevel Analysis ; Odds Ratio ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Suicidal Ideation

BACKGROUND: Influenza is a highly infectious viral illness. The epidemics of influenza occur from the late fall to the early spring nearly every year and are responsible for several hundred thousand death per year all over the world. Influenza vaccine is the primary method for preventing influenza and its more severe complications. The efficacy of influenza vaccination have been well known in developed countries. The influenza vaccination has been recommended as one of the tentative immunization schedule for indicated persons since 1997 in Korea. But there are still no available data about them, even though nearly 5 - 8 million doses of influenza vaccine were used in a winter season. PURPOSE: To assess the clinical efficacy of influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness(ILI) among Korean elderly(age over 65). METHODS: Primary study design - a prospective field trial. Study subjects and method - We prospectively observed the 1,488 vaccinee and 1,425 non-vaccinee in a community(Nonsan city) from November 1 1998 to March 31 1999. The vaccinee were those who randomly selected 100-200 per 13 sub-region(Myon) in Nonsan city, and the non-vaccinee were those who had not vaccinated until January 1999 among the Nonsan city elderly cohort. This cohort was consisted of 5,787 elderly(over 1/3 of total elderly population) who had ever visited the community health center or 13 public health offices in Nonsan city in 1998. We followed up these two groups two times-in January and April 1999 - by telephone survey. The questionnaire included the questions about the health behaviors, medical history, socioeconomic condition, medical security type, physical function status, medical facility utilization in the season, symptom and signs of influenza-like illness, number and type of the flu, hospitalization or not. We did throat swap to isolate the virus of 490 patient who had influenza -like symptoms in the same period. RESULTS: Influenza vaccination was significantly reduced the incidence of influenza -like illness(fever or chilling sensation and cough or sore throat) in the vaccinated. The preventive effect of influenza-like illness among influenza risk group was about 32%(95% CI, 20%-44%). The illness duration of main symptoms of influenza-like illness(fever, cough) was significantly shorter in the vaccinee. The consistency of the survey was noted quite high from the analysis of the result of test-retest(104 person). CONCLUSION: Influenza vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of influenza-like illness(32%) among elderly.
Aged ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Cohort Studies ; Community Health Centers ; Cough ; Developed Countries ; Health Behavior ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Incidence ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human* ; Korea ; Pharynx ; Prospective Studies ; Public Health ; Seasons ; Sensation ; Telephone ; Vaccination* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the individual and regional characteristics that influence suicidal ideation among the Korean elderly population. METHODS: Using data collected from the 2013 Korea Community Health Survey, a multilevel analysis was performed to establish an understanding of individual behavioral patterns and regional influences on suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Among the 77,407 individuals sampled, 11,236 (14.5%) elderly people over 60 years of age experienced suicidal ideation. Among individual factors, age, frequency of communication with friends, religious activity, social activity, leisure activity, trust in neighbors, subjective stress level, depressive symptoms, and subjective health status were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. The results showed that the lower the regional deprivation level, the higher the suicidal ideation odds ratio. In terms of regional size, the most significant effects were found in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that suicidal ideation in the elderly is associated with community factors, such as the regional deprivation index, as well as personal factors.
Age Factors ; Aged ; Depression ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Friends ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Korea ; Leisure Activities ; Multilevel Analysis ; Odds Ratio ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Suicidal Ideation

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the individual and regional characteristics that influence suicidal ideation among the Korean elderly population. METHODS: Using data collected from the 2013 Korea Community Health Survey, a multilevel analysis was performed to establish an understanding of individual behavioral patterns and regional influences on suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Among the 77,407 individuals sampled, 11,236 (14.5%) elderly people over 60 years of age experienced suicidal ideation. Among individual factors, age, frequency of communication with friends, religious activity, social activity, leisure activity, trust in neighbors, subjective stress level, depressive symptoms, and subjective health status were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. The results showed that the lower the regional deprivation level, the higher the suicidal ideation odds ratio. In terms of regional size, the most significant effects were found in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that suicidal ideation in the elderly is associated with community factors, such as the regional deprivation index, as well as personal factors.

Clincal studies were made on 166 cases of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), were admitted to the keimyung university Dongsan hospital from January 1981 to March 1984. The age and sex distribution, causes of SAH, clinical symptoms and signs, computed tomographic (CT) findings, aneurysmal site, number and size, comparison between the highest density on CT findings and site of aneurysm confirmed by angiography,relationship between CT class and clinical grade, complication, and relationship between hospital course and clinical grade on admission were analysed. The results summarized as follow. 1. The most prevalent age group was between 41-60 years of age, and above 61 years, 31-40 years and below 30 years of age in the order of frequency. Male to female ratio was 43.4 : 56.6. 2. The most common causes of 100 cases of SAH confirmed by cerebral angiography was cerebral aneurysm (75 cases), and the other causes were unknown cause (16 cases), arteriovenous malformation (6 cases), moyamoya disease (3 cases) in the order of frequency. 3. The clinical symptoms on admission in the order of frequency were headache, nausea and vomiting, brief loss of consciousness, dizziness, seizure, and urinary incontinence. The neurological findings showed stiffneck, hemiparesis, cranial nerve palsies, papilledema and/or hemorrhage on the fundus, and Babinski sign in that order. 4. CT findings (158 cases) revealed typical high densities consistent with SAH in 125 cases (79.1%), associated with the low density (13 cases), and visible cerebral aneurysm (5 cases), while negative findings were 33 cases (20.9%). 5. The most common site of aneurysm among the 75 cases of SAH confirmed by the cerebral angiography was the region of the anterior communicating artery (AcomeA) which accounted for 30 cases (35.3%), and posterior communicating artery (PcomeA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) 23 cases (27%), respectively, the internal carotid artery 5 cases (5.9%), the anterior ecrebral artery (ACA) 2 cases (2.4%), the posterior inferior cerebellar artery and basilar artery 1 cases (1.2%), respectively in the order of frequency. Among the 75 cases of cerebral aneurysms, single aneurysms were 67 cases (89.3%) and multiple aneurysms were 8 cases (10.7%). The most common size of the aneurysms was 6-10 mm (47 cases), and below 5 mm (30 cases), and above 10 mm (8 cases) in the order of frequency. 6. Sixteen out of 27 cases of AcomA aneurysms present the highest density on CT scan in the anterior hemispheric fissure, 9 out of 22 cases of PcomA aneurysms in syulvian fissure and 6 cases in suprasellar cistern, and all cases of MCA aneurysm (21 cases) in the ipsilateral aneurysmal site. 7. Comparison between CT grade by Davis (1980) and clinical grade by Hunt-Hesse (1968) revealed that the 93 of 94 patients (pts) with CT class 1 or 2 belong to under clinical grade 3, the 17 of 64 pts with CT class 3 or 4 belong to clinical grade IV or V, and the 17 of 18 pts with clinical grade IV or V belong to CT class 3 or 4. 8. The most common complication was the hydrocephalus (30.1%), and cerebral arterial spasm (24.1%), SIADH (8.4%), and rebleeding confirmed by lumbar puncture and/or CT (4.2%), in the order of frequency. 9. One hundred and four pts (62.7%) out of total 166 patient with SAH were improved, whereas 39 pts (23.5%) were not improved or signed out without clinical improvement, and 23 pts (13.8%) were died. The 81 (77.9%) of 104 pts who were improved belong to clinical grade I or II on admission, the 18 (78.3%) of 23 pts who were expired belong to clinical grade III or IV, and the 19 (48.7%) of 39 pts who were signed out without improvement belong to clinical grade III to V.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Basilar Artery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Dizziness ; Female ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Moyamoya Disease ; Nausea ; Papilledema ; Paresis ; Reflex, Babinski ; Seizures ; Sex Distribution ; Spasm ; Spinal Puncture ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Unconsciousness ; Urinary Incontinence ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Diagnosis*

No abstract available.
Incontinentia Pigmenti*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Risk Factors*