In order to evaluate the health hazard due to organ orphosphorus insecticides, we measured the blood cholinesterase activity and urinary para-nitrophenol among 56 exposed subjects. They are orchard workers, rice plant workers and smithion factory workers. The clinical symptoms were also checked by physicians. We also measured the blood cholinesterase activity and urinary para-nitrophenol excretion of 20 urban people and 15 rural people who had never been exposed to organophosphorus insecticides in order to compare them according to age, sex and geographical differences. And these results were also compared with those of exposed groups. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The normal plasma cholinesterase activity and cell cholinesterase activity were 0.861+/-0.148 delta pH/hr and 0.822+/-0.154 delta pH/hr. And normal para-nitrophenol in urine was 1.21+/-0.52 mg/liter. 2. No significant difference was existed in blood cholinesterase activities and urinary para-nitrophenol excretion according to sex, age and geographical difference. 3. The plasma cholinesterase activity and cell cholinesterase activity of orchard workers, rice plant workers and smithion factory workers were 0.682+/-0.189 delta pH/hr, 0.775+/-0.160 delta pH/hr, 0.754+/-0.123 delta pH/hr and 0.691+/-0.082 delta pH/hr, 0.756+/-0.117delta pH/hr. And significant decreases in blood cholinesterase activities were existed among orchard workers and smithion factory workers compared with control group. 4. The urinary para-nitrophenol excretions of orchard workers, rice plant workers and smithion factory workers were 1.33+/-0.66 mg/liter, 1.19+/-0.88mg/liter and 1.37+/-0.67mg/liter and there were no significant difference between exposed groups and control group. 5. The clinical symptoms complained during and after organophosphorus insecticides exposure were frequently ranked by headache (67.7%) and vertigo (64.5%) and muscular ataxia and weakness (51.6%).
Ataxia ; Cholinesterases* ; Headache ; Insecticides* ; Plants ; Plasma ; Vertigo

BACKGROUND: In an effort to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise electrocardiography (ECG) to detect coronary artery disease, exercise-induced changes in Q, R and S wave amplitudes has been evaluated in conjunction with or without ST segment changes. We measured the exercise-induced changes in Q, R and S wave amplitudes, and calculated the Athens QRS score to assess its diagnostic value. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Fifty patients who underwent the exercise test and MIBI myocardial scan and were proved to have coronary artery diameter stenosis > or =50% in coronary angiography were included in the patient group. Data of forty-nine persons showing negative findings in the exercise test and MIBI scan were used as control. The exercise test was performed according to the modified Bruce protocol using Marquette case 16. Exercise ECG was positive in 58% (29/50) of the patient group. The Q, R and S wave amplitudes at peak exercise were subtracted from the values of standing position at rest to obtain Athens QRS score. RESULTS: The mean age of patients and control were 54.5+/-9.4 years and 49.8+/-11.4 years respectively (p=NS), and their exercise capacity was 8.5+/-3.1 mets and 9.8+/-1.9 mets respectively (p=NS). The values of delta(R-Q-S)V5 + delta(R-Q-S)aVF and delta(R-Q-S)aVF were significantly lower in patients than the control (0.85+/-6.60 mm vs 3.72+/-5.09 mm, p=0.017, -0.60+/-4.76 mm vs 1.00+/-2.72 mm, p=0.030), and the values of deltaQV5 and deltaSaVF were significantly higher in patients than the control (-0.045+/-0.65 mm vs -0.41+/-0.78 mm, p=0.012, -0.84+/-1.90 mm vs -1.62+/-1.60 mm, p=0.009). However, the values were too widely overlaped between the patients and the control to give diagnostic cutoff points. CONCLUSION: It seems that exercise QRS scores do not have additive diagnostic value for coronary artery disease.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Electrocardiography ; Exercise Test ; Humans

The athors have presented recently treated 4 cases of malignant tumors of the eye and adnexa. 1. All of them were rapidly aggrevated after previous incompleted surgical management (3 cases) or postponement 01 operation (1 case). 2. Three cases of them except adenoid cystic Ca. were recurred after orbital exenteration. 3. The authors were concluded that the poor prognosis is due to its nature of malignancy and delayed radical surgical management.
Adenoids ; Melanoma* ; Orbit ; Prognosis

The authors reviewed serial chest films of 113 patients of spontaneous pneumothorax which were treated byclosed tube thoracotomy during the period from May, 1979 till July, 1982 in CNUH. The resuls are as follows; 1.Male was more frequently affected than female, and the sex ratio was 3.5:1. 2. 71.1 per cent of patients were over31 years of age. 3. Of the 113 cases, 51.3 per cent were on the right, 48.7 per cent on the left. 4. The mostcommon underlying pulmonary disease was pulmonary tuberculosis(39.8), the next was belb or bullar (17.7%), and thelast was pneumonia(8.8%). 5. Pneumothorax was the most common type in pulmonary tuberculosis(66.7%), andpyopneumothorax in pneumonia(80.0%). 6. Among 103 cases in complete re-expansion of collapsed lung after closedthe thoracotomy, 39.5 per cent was expanded completely within 1 week in presence of visceral and/or parietalpleural thickening, and 86.2 per cent in none of it. According to the degree of pneumothorax, the more severedegree of pneumothorax, the more delay in re-expansion times. 7. Most common chest finding after re-expansion ofcollapsed lung was pleural thickening(51.4%).
Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Pneumothorax ; Sex Ratio ; Thoracotomy ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Water*

Acute suppurative cholangitis is a severe inflammatory process of the bile duct occurred as a result of partial or complete obstruction of the bile duct, and may manifest clinically severe from of disease, rapidly deterioration to life-threatening condition. We analyzed emergency percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in 20 patients of acute suppurative cholangitis with biliary sepsis to evaluate the therapeutic effect and complication of the procedure. The underlying causes were 12 benign diseases(stones) and eight malignant tumors and among eight malignant tumors, bile duct stones(n=4) and clonorchiasis (n=1) were combined. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was performed successfully in 17 of 20 patients improvement of general condition and failed in three patients. The procedures were preterminated due to the patient's condition in two and biliary-porto fistula was developed in one. After biliary decompression by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, effective and successful elective surgery was performed in nine cases, which were seven biliary stones and two biliary cancer with stones. Our experience suggests that emergency percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is an initial and effective treatment of choice for acute suppurative cholangitis with sepsis and a safe alternative for nonsurgical treatment.
Bile Ducts ; Cholangitis* ; Clonorchiasis ; Decompression ; Drainage* ; Emergencies ; Fistula ; Humans ; Sepsis*

On 6 healthy adult males aged 20-30 years, oxygen pulse was observed during carrying sand bags weighting 10, 20 and 30kg on a level treadmill running with speeds of 3,4 and 5 km/hr. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Oxygen pulse during load carrying on a level treadmill was proportionately increased with an increase of work load, average oxygen uptake per minute. Regression equation of oxygen pulse (y: ml/beat) on the average oxygen uptake (x:l/min) required for each grade of work was expressed as y=3.34x + 5.99, sy.x=0.858. 2. Oxygen pulse reached the highest value 2-5 minutes after the start of load carrying, and thereafter it decreased gradually to some extend as the load carrying was continued. Rate of decrease in the oxygen pulse was gerater in lighter works. 3. In lighter works requiring less than 2.0 l/min of oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse was larger in case of carrying a losd by embrace, in both hands and on head than on back or on shoulder.
Adult ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Oxygen* ; Running ; Shoulder ; Silicon Dioxide

On 6 healthy adult males aged 20-30 years, oxygen pulse was observed during carrying sand bags weighting 10, 20 and 30kg on a level treadmill running with speeds of 3,4 and 5 km/hr. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Oxygen pulse during load carrying on a level treadmill was proportionately increased with an increase of work load, average oxygen uptake per minute. Regression equation of oxygen pulse (y: ml/beat) on the average oxygen uptake (x:l/min) required for each grade of work was expressed as y=3.34x + 5.99, sy.x=0.858. 2. Oxygen pulse reached the highest value 2-5 minutes after the start of load carrying, and thereafter it decreased gradually to some extend as the load carrying was continued. Rate of decrease in the oxygen pulse was gerater in lighter works. 3. In lighter works requiring less than 2.0 l/min of oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse was larger in case of carrying a losd by embrace, in both hands and on head than on back or on shoulder.
Adult ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Oxygen* ; Running ; Shoulder ; Silicon Dioxide

No abstract available.
Dipyridamole* ; Heart Ventricles*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of MR imaging in assessing the response of carcinomas of the uterinecervix to the combined therapy of interferon alpha-2a, 13-cis-retinoic acid and radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with untreated, locally advanced squamous cell cervical carcinoma were treated for eight weeks with 13-cis-retinoic acid plus interferon alpha-2a and radiotherapy. Axial and sagittal T1-weighted spin echo and fast spin echo MR images were obtained before and after treatment, using a 1.5-T MR scanner. MR images were correlated with biopsy findings. In each patient, pre- and post-treatment images were prospectively analyzed andcompared. RESULTS: In all patients, tumor volume could be calculated by three dimensional measurement on MR images. Initial response to the combined therapy was complete in eight patients, partial in four and progressivein one. Evidence of tumor recurrence was noted in two patients during the follow-up period. MR images correlated well with biopsy findings. CONCLUSION: MR imaging is useful in the evaluation of tumor response to the combined biologic and radiation therapy, which can be an effective first-line therapy against locally advanced squamouscell carcinoma of the cervix.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interferons* ; Isotretinoin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prospective Studies ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Tumor Burden