To evaluate the radioprotective effects of 5-thio-D-glucose(5-TDG) on normal skin, an experimental study was carried out with total 140 mice, of which 30 mice were given 5-TDG followed by irradiation and 60 mice were given intraperitoneally (IP) two hours before irradiation, and the radiation doses were singly 2500, 3500 or 4500 radsrespectively. The skin changes of the irradiated right hind limb were inspected for 31 days and the skin scores were analized. The results are as follow; 1. Marked radioprotective effect was presented in the group of 5-TDG,1.5g/kg body weight, with 2500 rads irradiation. 2. Definite radioprotective effect was also revealed in the groupof 5-TDG, 1.5kg/ body weight, with 3500 rads irradiation, In the group of double dose 5-TDG, 3.0g/kg body weight, the radioprotective effect appeared to be enhanced. 3. In the group of 4500 rads irradiation with 5-TDG, 1.5g/kgbody weight, no radioprotective effect was noticed. 4. In addition to the radiosensitization effect on the hypoxiccells, the radioprotective effect of 5-TDG on the normal animal tissue suggests increased possiblility of itsclinical application.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Extremities ; Mice ; Skin

Billiary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma are rare neoplasms of the biliary ductal system. The authorspresent 2 cases of biliary cystadenoma and 3 cases of cystadenocarcinoma. The typical sonographic apearance ofthese tumors is a large intrahepatic gloular or ovoid thickwalled cystic mass which often containes multipleseptations with papillary growth and solid portion. Low-level internal echoes may be seen within the cystic mass.The characteristic CT findings of these tumors are multiloculated cystic mass, thick sepatations with papillaryprojection sand solid portion within the cystic mass. Angiographical characteristics of these tumors arehypovascular mass with frequent abnormal clusters of tumor vessels within the walls on arterial phase andaccumulation of contrast material along the wall or internal septation on delayed film.
Angiography ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Cystadenoma ; Ultrasonography

To differentiate amebic and pyogenic liver abscesses, sonography(US) and CT findings of 21 amebic and 22 pyogenic liver abscesses were reviewed retrospectively. US was performed in all cases and CT in 15 cases of each group. Eleven cases of amebic abscesses had well defined margin which was observed in 10 cases of pyogenic abscessed. Amebic abscesses showed hyperechoic wall in 7 cases and calcification in 4 cases. Ten cases of pyogenic abscesses had mearby intrahepatic duct dilatation which was observed in 2 cases of amebic abscesses. Pneumobilia was seen in 6 cases of pyogenic abscesses. US findings of clear margin and hyperechoic wall, and CT findings of intrahepatic duct dilatation, pneumobilia, and calcification were helpful in differentation of amebic pyogenic liver abscesses.
Abscess ; Amebiasis ; Dilatation ; Liver Abscess, Pyogenic* ; Retrospective Studies

A 65 years old male, who had complained of severe lower back pain with generalized muscular weakness, nausea and constipation since last 18 months, showed typical loboratory and radilogical findings of primary hyperparathyroidism. It had extensive skeletal involvement and some urological complication. The mass, which was palpated in the right upper corner of the thyroid, was surgically completely removed. It was measured 8×4×3 cm, and was weighed 38 gm. Microscopic examination revealed adenoma of the parathyroid gland consisting of small dark chiefe ells. Postoperative course has been satisfactory. (
Adenoma ; Constipation ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary* ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Muscle Weakness ; Nausea ; Parathyroid Glands ; Thyroid Gland

Authors carried out an investigation of the helminthic parasites of the wild birds in Korea. Most wild birds were collected from Kyoung Sang Do, Kyoung Kee Do and Seoul area from September 1970 to March 1973. A total of 70 wild birds, 19 species were examined, which comprised as follows; 10 Anas platyrhynchus, 10 Anas fulicata, 4 Anas poeciolorhyncha zonorhyncha, 8 Anser albifrone albifrone, 5 Anser cygonopsis cygnoid, 10 Aythya fuligula, 6 Gallicrex cinerea, 2 Porgana fusca, 2 Phisianum calichius korponri, 4 Sterptopilla orientalis, Podiceps cristatus, Larus crasirotatus, Malantta fusca, Garis artcus, Buetes buteo, Egretta alba, Starmus philpiens, Bombycilla granulus. Trematode parasites found from six species of the wild birds. Echinostomatidae has been found from intestine of the Anas platyrhynchus platyrhynchus, Anas poeciolorhyncha zonorhyncha, Anas fulcata. Notocatylus attenuatis found from intestine of the Podiceps cristatus, Anas fulcata. Catylurus japonicus was found from rectum of the Anas platyrhynchus platyrhynchus, Anas poeciolorhyncha zonorhyncha.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Notocatylus attenuatus ; Catylurus japonicus ; Echinostoma revolutum ; Echinostoma gotoi ; Echinostoma miyagawai ; Echinoparyphium koizumi ; bird

Percutaneous nephrostomy for relief of obstruction and functional preservation of the kidney was effectivelyperformed 19 times in 14 patients for recent 1 year since July 1982 at Departement of Radiology in Seoul NationalUniversity Hospital. The etiologies of the total 14 obstructive uropathies were metastatic cervix cancer in 6-cases, metastatic rectal cancer in 2 cases, and metastatic bladder cancer, malignant mixed mesodermal tumor operimetrium, pyonephrosis, bilateral staghorn stone, UVJ obstruction of undertermined cause, congenital UPJobstruction in 1 case respectively. Percutaneous nephrostomy was done bilaterally in 1 case of congenital UPJobstruction and unilaterally in 13 cases. We used ultrasound as puncture guide in 13 cases and CT in 1 case. Majorcomplication was absent, but minor complications occured in 4 patients; gross hematuria persisting 24 hours (1case), catheter dislodgment after several seeks (2 cases ) and luminal narrowing after 3 months(1 case).Satisfactory outcomes were made in 13 patients except 1 patient who succumbed one day after the procedure due topreexisting severe sepsis. The procedure proved to be safe and effective alternative to operative nephrostomy insome patients with urinary obstruction.
Catheters ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mesoderm ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Phenobarbital ; Punctures ; Pyonephrosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Seoul ; Sepsis ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Ultrasonography of rabbit kidney was erformed after induction of simple and infected hydronephrosis toevaluate the sequential sonographic changes in 27 rabbits. Simple hydronephrosis was induced by ligation of thedistal ureter and infected hydronephrosis by ligation of the distal ureter and ureteral inoculation of Escherichiacoli. Ultrasonography was performed daily during the first week and weekly during the following 5 weeks afterinductin of simple and infected hydronephrosis. The results are as follows; 1. In simple hydronephrosis, theearliest abnormal ultrasonographic finding was splitting of central renal echo complex, which appeared within 1day after ureteral ligation in all cases. 2. In simple hydronephrosis, complete loss of central renal echo complexand cystic dilatation of pelvis were seen with in 5 days after ureteral ligation in all cases. 3. In infectedhydronephrosis, the earliest abnormal ultrasonographic finding was appearance of internal lapse of time and theentire pelvis was filled with internal echoes within 2 weeks after inoculation in all cases. 5. In infectedhydronephrosis, echogenecity of internal echoes within the pelvis was similar to that of renal parenchma in thefirst week after inoculation, however was weaker than that of renal parenchyma 2 weeks after inoculation in all cases.
Dilatation ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Ligation ; Pelvis ; Pyonephrosis ; Rabbits ; Ultrasonography ; Ureter

Smooth muscle tumors of stomach are unusual tumors, accounting for 1-3% of primary gastric malignancies. Diagnosis of these tumors is important because of the more favorable prognosis of this tumor than that of gastric carcinoma. A retrospective study was made in 18 patients who had pathology-proven gastric leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma to identify radiologic characteristics for recent 6 years from Jan. 1978 to July. 1984 at department of radiology, Seoul National University Hospital. The results were as follows: 1. Age of 13 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma ranged from 36 to 70 with average of 51 and the male to female ratio was 10:3. Age of 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma ranged from 24 to 67 with average of 44 and the male to female ratio was 3:2. 2. Clinically, gastric leiomyosarcoma had epigastric pain in 7 cases, palpable mass in 4 cases, melena in 3 cases, hematemesis in 2 cases, 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma also had above symptoms respectively. 3. Of the 13 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma studied by upper gastrointestinal examination, 6 cases (32%) involved the fundus, 10 cases (50%) in the body, 3 cases (18%) in the antrum . Of the 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma, 4 cases were confined to the fundus and 1 case in the body. 4. The size of the 13 gastric leiomyosarcomas ranged from 5 to more than 20cm in diameter. The size of the 5 gastric leiomyomas ranged from 3 to 9cm in diameter. 5. The growth type of gastric leiomyosarcoma was exophytic in 8 cases, endogastric in 1 case and mixed pattern in 4 cases. The growth type of gastric leiomyoma were exophytic in 1 case, endogastric in 2 cases and mixed in 2 cases. 6. Mucosal pattern of gastric leiomyosarcoma were mainly effaced pattern in 10 cases (77%), but 3 cases (23%) showed irregular destructioñ. 1 case of gastric leiomyoma showed mucosal irregularity. 7. Ulceration was present in 10 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma either single or multiple. 2 cases of gastric leiomyoma showed small ulcerations. Calcifiation was seen in one case of cellular leiomyoma. 8. Diagnostic accuracy of gastric leiomyosarcoma and gastric leiomyoma by U.G. 1. study was 90% and 80% respectively. One case of gastric leiomyosarcoma arose from the fundus of stomach was diffcult to difficu ltiate from advanced atomach cancer, Borrmann type 1.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Male ; Melena ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Smooth Muscle Tumor ; Stomach ; Ulcer

The aim of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD) is to decrease serum bilirubin level and promoteliver function in patient with biliary tract disease, especially obstruction by malignant disese. But somepatients showed persistent high serum bilirubin level or higher than pre-PTBD level. Percutaneous transhepaticbiliary drainage was performed in 341 patients of obstructive jaundice for 5 years from July, 1981 to July, 1986at departement of radiology, Seoul Natinal University Hospital. Follow up check of the serum bilibrubin level waspossible in 188 patients. Among them the authors analysed 32 patients who showed persistent high serum bilirubinlevel after PTBD. The results were as follows: 1. The male to female ratio was 3.4:1 and the age ranged from 33 to 75. 2. The causes of obstructive jaundice included 30 malignant diseases and 2 benign diseases. Malignant diseasewere 16 cases of bile duct carcinoma, 7 cases of pancreatic cancer and 7 cases of matastasis from stomach, colonand uterine cervix. Benign disease were 1 cases of common hepatic duct stone and 1 case of intrahepatic ductstones. 3. The msot common level of obstruction was trifurcation in 17 cases. 4. The most common indication ofPTBD was palliative drainage of obstruciton secondary to malignant tumor in 28 cases. 5. Change of serujmbilirubin level ratio(post-PTBD level) was 1.28, 1.22, 1.38, 1.51 in serial period of 1–3 days, 4–6 days, 1–2 week 2–3 week after PTBD. 6. Causes of persistent high serum bilirubin level after PTBD were 12 cases of partialdrainage of intrahepatic bile, 13 cases of hepatic dysfunction including 9 cases of metastatic nodule, 2 cases ofbiliary cirrhosis, 2 cases of multiple liver abscess, and 7 cases of poor function of cather including 4 cases ofhemobilia, 1 case of multiple intrahepatic stones, pyobilia and intraheptic Clonorchis sinensis.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; Bilirubin ; Cervix Uteri ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Drainage ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Liver Abscess ; Male ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Seoul ; Stomach

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for totally unfertilized oocytes by the conventional insemination during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) METHODS: From March 1996 to April 1998, 15 couples who experienced total fertilization failure after conventional IVF without severe male factor infertility in semen analysis were evaluated. Fertilization were assessed by the presence of 2 pronucleus (PN) after 14-16 hours of conventional insemination. All unfertilized oocytes were reinseminated by ICSI and checked for signs of fertilization between 6-10 hours after ICSI. The embryos with fertilization and development were transferred to the uterine cavity and the outcome was analyzed. RESULTS: Total numbers of unfertilized oocytes were 120, and total numbers of oocytes injected on day 1 using ICSI were 102. Total numbers of oocytes with normal fertilization after ICSI were 74 and mean fertilization rate of 71.1 +/- 24.0% was obtained. The numbers of embryos transferred was 3.6 +/- 1.7. The biochemical pregnancy rate was 13.3% (2/15) and the clinical pregnancy rate was 6.7% (1/15) per cycle. CONCLUSION: ICSI to totally unfertilized oocytes by conventional insemination technique during IVF-ET on the next day of oocyte retrieval seems to be a relatively successful mean and afford a chance of pregnancy to the infertile couples whom the ET could not perfomed to because of total fertilization failure."
Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Family Characteristics ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Infertility ; Insemination ; Male ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Oocytes* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic*