No abstract available.
Autografts ; Goldenhar Syndrome

Isometric positioning of the ACL graft is an important consideration in successful reconstruction of the ACL-deficient knee. The purpose of this study is to get a certain guideline in the endoscopic one-tunnel technique of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by measuring the skin angle and determine the degree of minimum flexion of the knee joint during femoral tunneling and interference screw fixations. To get the guide lines, first we get the tibial tunnel angle parallel to the Blumensaat's line from fully extended lateral knee joint radiography. Secondly measure the differences between angles of the femur-tibia shaft and anterior thigh-leg skin. Then measure the minimum femur-tibia flexion angle does not perforated the posterior cortex of the distal femur during femoral tunneling. Intraoperative measuring the angle between interference screw guide pin and tibial tunnel to get the parallelism of the femoral tunnel and interference screw. The results were as follows; The average femur-tibia shaft angle with 30degrees anterior thigh-leg skin angle was 30.2+/-1.75degrees, with 45degrees was 45.2+/-1.23degrees, with 60degrees was 61.9+/-4.23degrees, with 75degrees was 78.6+/-2.62degrees, with 90degrees was 97.8+/-3.96degrees. Predetermined sagittal tibial tunnel vector on the 0degrees extension knee joint lateral radiographs were applied to the several knee joint dynamograms. The mean minimum flexion angle of the femur-tibia shaft that doesn't perforate the posterior cortex of the femur was 45+/-1.58degrees (male), 44.5+/-4.97degrees (female). The average angle between interference screw guide pin and tibial tunnel was 23.0+/-2.23degrees. The findings of the present study suggest that anterior thigh-leg skin angle can be used instead of the true femur-tibia shaft angle. Less knee flexion angle makes good arthroscopic view during the tibio-femoral tunneling and interference screw fixation.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Femur ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Radiography ; Skin ; Transplants

PURPOSE: We measured the foveal thickness (FT) and macular center thickness (MCT) in healthy eyes and diabetic eyes to quantify the macular edema in diabetic eyes with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). METHODS: FT and MCT were measured with OCT in 30 healthy eyes, 30 diabetic eyes without macular edema and 30 diabetics eyes with macular edema on slit lamp biomicroscopy. The correlation between FT and MCT and visual acuity was calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of slit lamp biomicroscopy were calculated in comparison with FT and MCT by OCT. RESULTS: In healthy eyes, mean FT was 189 +/- 14 micrometer, and mean MCT was 157 +/- 15 micrometer. The FT and MCT by OCT were found to be linearly correlated with visual acuity in a log minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) scale (P<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of slit lamp biomicroscopy was 72%, and 90%, respectively, in comparison with FT measured by OCT. The sensitivity and specificity of slit lamp biomicroscopy was 67%, and 100%, respectively, in comparison with MCT measured by OCT. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to quantify diabetic macular edema using OCT. It seems useful to determine the diagnostic criteria of diabetic macular edema with OCT for detecting early macular edema.
Macular Edema* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Optical Coherence* ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome*

Isolated dislocation of all five carpometacarpal joints is extremely rare, only eleven cases had been reported since 1873. In Korea, we have not seen it probably. We experienced one case of isolated dislocation of all five carpometacarpal joints with a good result in I year after closed reduction and internal fixation.
Carpometacarpal Joints* ; Dislocations* ; Korea

As the average life expectancy in Korea continues to rise, the number of elderly patients with pancreatobiliary disease is also expected to increase. Thus, it has been important to perform safe and quality-controlled endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in nowadays. However, there has been no standard educational programs of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and quality control system, so Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has a plan to make credentialing organizations especially for pancreatobiliary certification. In this article, we would like to discuss the suitable framework and practical problems about the process and renewal of pancreatobiliary certification system.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Dinoprostone* ; Membranes* ; Rupture* ; Suppositories*

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Arteries* ; Humans ; Male*

BACKGROUND: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are among the most important threats to patient safety. When hospitalized children face these threats, there is morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. Research on local healthcare epidemiology is necessary to enhance collective knowledge and evidence formanaging this problem. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of databases of patients who were diagnosed with HAIs at Chung-Ang University Hospital (CAUH) from 2007 through 2011. Cases were selected from the microbiology registry databases. The data on prevalence of HAIs in various wards and its annual trends were compared to previously reported nationwide data. Moreover, we analyzed the patterns of antibiotic susceptibility results for HAI pathogens. RESULTS: A total of 181 HAIs were identified in 122 patients. The HAI rate among pediatric patients at CAUH was 2.4/1,000 person-hospital days. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) (53 episodes, 29.3%) were the most common, followed by pneumonia (33 episodes, 18.2%). Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most common gram-positive organism, whereas Escherichia coli was the most common gram-negative organism. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) comprised 84% of the S. aureus infections. Imipenem resistance was detected in 58.8% and 55.0% of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, respectively. CONCLUSION: Between 2007 and 2011, UTIs were the most common type of HAIs, and MRSA was the most common pediatric HAI pathogen, both in the general ward and intensive care unit at the CAUH. Further research on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of HAIs is necessary and prevention measures should be implemented to prevent HAIs in children.
Acinetobacter baumannii ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Delivery of Health Care ; Escherichia coli ; Health Care Costs ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Imipenem ; Intensive Care Units ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Patient Safety ; Patients' Rooms ; Pneumonia ; Prevalence ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Urinary Tract Infections