No abstract available.
Sterilization, Tubal*

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate the distribution of the result of 17,744 cervicovaginal smears and their pathologic results in Inha University Hospital to make a reference data. METHODS: During 28 months, May 1996 to August 1998, we performed 17,774 cervicovaginal smears and arranged them by the Bethesda system and compared them with their pathologic results. RESULTS: Among 17,744 smears, there were 93.2% of benign results, 2.9% of ASCUS, 0.9% of LSIL, 1.4% of HSIL, and 0.8% of SCC. The ASCUS/SIL ratio was 1.28. Among ASCUS, the high grade histologic outcome was composed 4.0%. Among LSIL, there were 15.7%, and HSIL 48.0%, SCC 56.1%, AGUS 9.3%, and Adenocarcinoma, the results was 69.2%. CONCLUSION: Among 17,744 smears, there were 93.2% of benign results, 2.9% of ASCUS, 0.9% of LSIL, 1.4% of HSIL, and 0.8% of SCC. The ASCUS/SIL ratio was 1.28. These results were very similar to other data and we would like to add our data to them as a reference. And the worse the smear results were, the worse the pathologic results were.
Adenocarcinoma

Prolapse of the fallopian tube into the vaginal vault after hysterectomy is a rare phenomenon and it occurs more frequently after vaginal hysterectomy than abdominal hysterectomy. The exact incidence of tubal prolapse is unknown, because most of cases remain undiagnosed and may resolve before detection. The tubal prolapse may be suspected when granulation tissue or tender friable tissue are detected in vaginal cuff in women complaining lower abdominal pain, dysparenunia, vaginal discharge, or postcoital spotting. The definitive diagnosis of fallopian tube prolapse is made only by histologic confirmation. Reported methods of treatment have included transvaginal excision or transabdominal excision, cautery, and combined vaginal and laparoscopic salpingectomy. We experienced a case of fallopian tube prolapse after abdominal hysterectomy in a 40-year-old woman. We present this case with a brief review of the literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Cautery ; Diagnosis ; Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Incidence ; Metrorrhagia ; Prolapse* ; Salpingectomy ; Vaginal Discharge

Since the first case of gastric serrated adenoma found in 2001, 35 additional cases have been reported. Among these cases, 26 cases were associated with invasive adenocarcinoma within the serrated adenoma. Gastric serrated adenoma when compared with traditional adenoma has close correlation with invasive carcinoma. Serrated colorectal polyps are classified as hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenoma/polyps, and tranditional serrated adenoma (TSA) depending on histological features. Two distinct phenotypes of TSA in the colon and rectum are reported. Those are unlocked serrated crypts (US-TSA) and ectopic crypt formations (ECFs). All gastric serrated adenoma are TSA in historical aspect and ECFs on phenotype. Whereas gastric adenomas are reported with high frequency in the antrum, gastric serrated adenomas are founded in the body and cardia. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman receiving endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric serrated adenoma with adenocarcinoma discovered during routine screening.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adenoma* ; Cardia ; Colon ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Polyps ; Pyloric Antrum ; Rectum ; Stomach*

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of endometrial cancer is increasing. We would like to report our institution's clinical data of endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EC) which is the most frequent type. METHODS: From 1998 to 2009, patients' clinical data were reviewed through medical records, retrospectively. RESULTS: For 11 years, there were 96 patients with EC. The average age was 51.1 years old and mean follow duration was 36.6 months. There were 73 patients with stage I, 10 patients with stage II, and 12 patients with stage III. 42 patients were treated by operation only and 46 patients were treated by operation and adjuvant radiotherapy. Among 95 patients who underwent operations, 32 patients did not get lymph node removal and 63 did, and 10 patients had malignant cells at the lymph nodes removed. 6 patients died of EC, 1 with stage I, 3 with stage II and 1 with stage III. CONCLUSION: This study had retrospective limitation but could show the profile of 96 patients with EC.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Medical Records ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: The measurement of liver size can be used for the diagnosis of the fetal growth abnormality (FGR, macrosomia etc.). The purpose of this study was to evaluate a mathematical relationship between the fetal liver size(liver length or volume) and the gestational age in the normal pregnancies. Brief comparisons were also tried on the base of the degree of the correlation between liver length and its volume. METHODS: We collected 54 singleton pregnancies of 20 to 36weeks of gestation for measuring fetal liver length and 57 singleton pregnancies for measuring fetal liver volume. We used Combison 530 utrasonic machine(Kreztechnik AG, Zipf, Austria). RESULTS: There was significant correlation between liver size( length and volume) and gestation age. And the liver volume better correlated with gestational age than liver length(r=0.93 : r=0.78, p<0.0001, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic measurement of fetal liver size is a reliable indicator of fetal growth, especially liver volume. Therefore these data may have a potential value for the prediction of abnormal fetal growth(FGR, macrosomia).
Diagnosis ; Fetal Development ; Gestational Age* ; Liver* ; Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonics

Citrullinemia type I is an urea cycle defect caused by mutations in the argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) gene. We report a novel argininosuccinate synthetase gene mutation in a Korean family with type I citrullinemia. Metabolic evaluation revealed significant hyperammonemia. Amino acid/acylcarnitine screening using tandem mass spectrometry showed high level of citrulline. Plasma amino acid analysis showed high level of citrulline and the urine organic acid analysis showed makedly increased level of orotic acid. To confirm diagnosis of citrullinemia we did mutation analysis of the ASS1 gene. The patient was found to have mutations of c.689G>C (p.G230A) and c.892G>A (p.E298K), which were new types of argininosuccinate synthetase gene mutation have never been reported in Korea. We report a novel case of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 gene mutation and suggest that the gene study to the family members is necessary to carry out when a patient is diagnosed as citrullinemia.
Argininosuccinate Synthase ; Citrulline ; Citrullinemia ; Humans ; Hyperammonemia ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Orotic Acid ; Plasma ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Urea

Citrullinemia type I is an urea cycle defect caused by mutations in the argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) gene. We report a novel argininosuccinate synthetase gene mutation in a Korean family with type I citrullinemia. Metabolic evaluation revealed significant hyperammonemia. Amino acid/acylcarnitine screening using tandem mass spectrometry showed high level of citrulline. Plasma amino acid analysis showed high level of citrulline and the urine organic acid analysis showed makedly increased level of orotic acid. To confirm diagnosis of citrullinemia we did mutation analysis of the ASS1 gene. The patient was found to have mutations of c.689G>C (p.G230A) and c.892G>A (p.E298K), which were new types of argininosuccinate synthetase gene mutation have never been reported in Korea. We report a novel case of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 gene mutation and suggest that the gene study to the family members is necessary to carry out when a patient is diagnosed as citrullinemia.
Argininosuccinate Synthase ; Citrulline ; Citrullinemia ; Humans ; Hyperammonemia ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Orotic Acid ; Plasma ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Urea

OBJECT & METHOD: Thirty-four patients (mean age: 58.1+/-8.3 years, M:F=1:13) with angina in the absence of previous myocardial infarction, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (stenting and/or balloon PTCA, n=5) or coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG, n=) were evaluated to assess the relationships between the degree of improvement in myocardial dipyridamole Tl-201 SPECT and the degree of decrease in QTc dispersion after coronary revascularization. QTc dispersions were measured manually using digitizer by a single observer from ECGs printed at 25mm/sec, 1 day before, immediately, 1 day, and 1 month after the revascularization procedure. Myocardial Tl-201 SPECTs were performed before and 1 month after the revascularization and ischemic indices were measured in all cases. RESULTS: Mean QTc dispersion was 51.4+/-17.0msec before revascularization, 42.6+/-15.1msec immediately after, 45.6+/-19.3msec 1 day after and 37.4+/-11.6msec 1 month after revascularization. The decrease of QTc dispersion immediate (p=.001) and 1 month (p<0.001) after revascularization, were statistically significant. Mean Tl-201 SPECT ischemic index measured before the revascularization (7.8+/-5.9) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the one measured 1 month after the revascularization (1.5+/-2.8). But, in deltaischemic index (ischemic index before revascularization-ischemic index 1 month afer revascularization), there was no significant difference between the patients with decrease in QTc dispersion after revascularization(6.2+/-6.3, n=7) and the patients without decrease in QTc dispersion (6.6+/-5.2, n=). There was no statistically significant correlation between deltaQTc (QTc dispersion before revascularization-QTc dispersion 1 month afer revascularization) and delta ischemic index in total subjects. CONCLUSION: QTc dispersions decrease after successful coronary revascularizations in patients with angina, but considering the relationships between the changes of QTc dispersions and ischemic indices in myocardial dipyridamole Tl-201 SPECT, the degree of decrease in QTc dispersion after coronary revascularization does not have the relationships with the quantitative degree of improvement in myocardial ischemia.
Dipyridamole ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Transplants

OBJECT & METHOD: Thirty-four patients (mean age: 58.1+/-8.3 years, M:F=1:13) with angina in the absence of previous myocardial infarction, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (stenting and/or balloon PTCA, n=5) or coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG, n=) were evaluated to assess the relationships between the degree of improvement in myocardial dipyridamole Tl-201 SPECT and the degree of decrease in QTc dispersion after coronary revascularization. QTc dispersions were measured manually using digitizer by a single observer from ECGs printed at 25mm/sec, 1 day before, immediately, 1 day, and 1 month after the revascularization procedure. Myocardial Tl-201 SPECTs were performed before and 1 month after the revascularization and ischemic indices were measured in all cases. RESULTS: Mean QTc dispersion was 51.4+/-17.0msec before revascularization, 42.6+/-15.1msec immediately after, 45.6+/-19.3msec 1 day after and 37.4+/-11.6msec 1 month after revascularization. The decrease of QTc dispersion immediate (p=.001) and 1 month (p<0.001) after revascularization, were statistically significant. Mean Tl-201 SPECT ischemic index measured before the revascularization (7.8+/-5.9) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the one measured 1 month after the revascularization (1.5+/-2.8). But, in deltaischemic index (ischemic index before revascularization-ischemic index 1 month afer revascularization), there was no significant difference between the patients with decrease in QTc dispersion after revascularization(6.2+/-6.3, n=7) and the patients without decrease in QTc dispersion (6.6+/-5.2, n=). There was no statistically significant correlation between deltaQTc (QTc dispersion before revascularization-QTc dispersion 1 month afer revascularization) and delta ischemic index in total subjects. CONCLUSION: QTc dispersions decrease after successful coronary revascularizations in patients with angina, but considering the relationships between the changes of QTc dispersions and ischemic indices in myocardial dipyridamole Tl-201 SPECT, the degree of decrease in QTc dispersion after coronary revascularization does not have the relationships with the quantitative degree of improvement in myocardial ischemia.
Dipyridamole ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Transplants