No abstract available.
Eustachian Tube*

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No abstract available.

The authors report series of 360 cases of transthoracic fine-needle aspiration cytology (TFNA) from Oct. 1982, through Aug. 1986 at the Seoul National University Hospital. A diagnosis of neoplastic lesion was established in 50.3% of the cases. A non-neop- lastic diagnosis was made in 38.5%, nondiagnostic one in 6.5% and inadequate one in 4.7% of the total. Statistical findings on cytological diagnoses were as follows. Specificity was 100%: sensitivity, 92%; predictive value for positive, 1.0: predictive value for negative, 0.9; concordance rate, 84.2%: diagnostic accuracy in non-neoplastic lesion, 65.4%, and typing accuracy in malignant tumor, 0.77.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul

A 30-year-old woman who was diagnosed as peripheral neuroblastoma by fine needle aspiration of a soft mass of the right upper arm is described. She presented a slowly growing, soft mass of the right upper arm for 1 month. The right humerus revealed no abnormal finding on X-ray. Ultrasonogram of the right upper arm revealed a well demarcated, smooth marginated solid mass without invasion of adjacent structures. Fine needle aspiration was done under the impression of soft tissue tumor with undetermined biologic behavior. The aspirates were highly cellular and the tumor cells were dispersed both singly and in clusters of varying size. The clusters occasionally showed a central capillary core and rosette-like structures. The tumor cells were small in size and had a small to medium amount of cytoplasm. Some of them revealed slender cytoplasmic processes. The nuclei showed distinct nuclear membranes, finely clumped chromatin and small conspicuous nucleoli. Cellular pleomorphism or mitotic figure was not definite. These cytologic findings were interpreted as a malignant, non-lymphomatous, small round cell tumor, most likely representing peripheral neuroblastoma or Ewing's sarcoma. Final diagnosis was confirmed by simple excision as peripheral neuroblastoma.
Adult ; Arm ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Capillaries ; Child* ; Chromatin ; Cyclosporine* ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Humerus ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Neuroblastoma ; Nuclear Envelope ; Pilomatrixoma ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The detection of hydronephrosis(HN) with antenatal ultrasonography was first reported in the 1970s. Prenatal HN is diagnosed with an incidence of 1:100 to 1:500 on antenatal screening. Recently, the purpose of antenatal screening has changed from simple detection to selection for specific diagnosis-based management. this study is to evaluate the usefulness of antenatal sonography for HN and to investigate the differential causes of HN and their clinical outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 11,783 live neonates with prenatal ultrasonographic examination at Ajou University School of Medicine, from Sep. 1994 to Aug. 2001 were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hydronephrosis (>10 mm) was detected in 119 (1.0%) cases antenatally and among these, 91 were proved to have HN postnatally. Males were three times more affected than females. Additional imaging studies revealed that ureteropelvic junction obstruction was the most common postnatal diagnosis (47%), followed by multicystic dysplastic kidney, vesicoureteral junction obstruction and vesicoureteral reflux. During 20 months' follow-up (3 to 72 months), 58(48%) renal units showed spontaneous resolution and surgical interventions were necessary in 10 (7.4%) of postnatally confirmed hydronephrotic renal units.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

In the thyroid tissue, thyrotrophin(TSH) and IGF-I played major role of the goitrogen. But the evidences and precise mechanism of these two factors were not known so much. Actually local secretion of thyroid IGF-I was originated from its fibroblasts mainly. We guessed major roles of IGFs in the thyroid tissue were local paracrine effect of thyroid cells proliferation and differentiation which concert with TSH. Recently, some reporters described the source of thyroid IGF-I were partly from thyroid follicular cells and its action were synergistic with TSH. We measured TSH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 from sera and thyroid cystic fluids in 36 patients with simple thyroid cyst and examined into correlation between TSH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3.1) According to cyst/serum TSH ratio, we classified two groups(Group I; c/s TSH <1, n=19. Group II; c/s TSH >1, n=17). This classification criteria means that cystic TSH level were increased than that of serum or not.2) The serum TSH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels are not difference between group I and II.3) Cystic TSH were dependent on the serum TSH in Group I, but negative correlation in Group II. In Group II, cystic TSH was significant increased.4) Serum IGF-I were positive correlation in each Group5) In Group II, cystic IGF-I was not exceed than those of serum IGF-I, but some cystic IGFBP-3 were more increased than those of serum.6) In Group II, cystic IGFBP-3 increased than serum TSH, and cystic IGFBP-3 was positive correlation with cystic TSH and cystic IGF-I.As these data suggested that cystic TSH and cystic IGF-I levels may influence cystic IGFBP-3 level. The main effect for maintenance of cyst was mediated by cystic TSH and cystic IGFBP-3. But the cystic IGFBP-3 has major role for thyroid cyst than cyst TSH.
Classification ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Thyroid Gland

Recent studies have provided some clues with regard to the relationship existing between uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and blood pressure in animal experiments. In an attempt to determine the genetic polymorphisms that are associated with blood pressure in humans, we have analyzed genetic polymorphisms in UCP1 gene. In this study, we assessed the association between UCP1 genotypes and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), in a population comprised of 832 Korean female subjects, using a general linear model, which was adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI). Among 4 genetic polymorphisms and the haplotypes constructed from them, haplotype3 of UCP1, UCP1-ht3[GAGA], evidenced significant associations with SBP (p=0.005) and DBP (p=0.013). However, this haplotype was not significantly associated with obesity phenotypes, including BMI or fat mass (p>0.05), thereby suggesting that its association with blood pressure was independent of obesity phenotypes.
Adult ; Alleles ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Ion Channels/*genetics ; Korea ; Mitochondrial Proteins/*genetics ; Models, Genetic ; Obesity/genetics ; Phenotype ; *Polymorphism, Genetic

Congenital absence of the pulmonary valve associated with Tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) is a relatively rare cardiac malformation. In the majority of cases, this lesion is associated with ventricular septal defect, obstructive pulmonary valve annulus, and massive dilatation of the pulmonary arteries. This combination of lesions is often called tetralolgy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve. Although survival beyond infancy is frequent, a number of infants with the severe form of this syndrome die early with signs of severe respiratory distress and intractable cardiac failure. Recently, absent pulmonary valve has been described in a feature of CATCH 22 syndrome with microdeletion of the long arm of chromosome 22(22q11.1). We have experienced a patient of pulmonary valve absence associated with TOF, who was presented with severe respiratory distress and heart failure after birth. She died in the neonatal period despite intensive care. She was confirmed to have microdeletion of 22q11.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We report a case of pulmonary valve absence associated with TOF with microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.1 with related literature.
Arm ; Dilatation ; Fluorescence ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Infant ; Critical Care ; Parturition ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Valve* ; Tetralogy of Fallot*

Poland's syndrome is characterized by hypoplasia or absence of the breast of nipple, hypoplasia of subcutaneous tissue, absence of the costosternal portion of the pectoralis major muscle, absence of the pectoralis minor muscle, and absence of costal cartilage or ribs. The syndrome involves a spectrum of conditions ranging from simple absence of pectoralis major muscle and breast to the defects noted by Poland as well as brachysyndactyly, ectromelia. Furthermore, there have been reports of Poland's syndrome associated with malignancies such as leukemia, malignant lymphoma,(1) and leiomyosarcoma.(2) We have experienced a 22-year-old woman presenting with asymmetric breast and abnormal position of nipple and accessory breast suggested Poland's syndrome. Treatment consisted of tissue expansion of hypoplastic breast and free nipple graft and excision of accessory breast. The purpose of the study was to review the present knowledge of Poland's syndrome and literature.
Breast ; Cartilage ; Ectromelia ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Nipples ; Poland ; Ribs ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Tissue Expansion ; Transplants ; Young Adult