PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an aerobic exercise program on body mass index, mood state, and psychiatric symptoms in men with chronic schizophrenia. METHODS: Non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design was used. The participants were men with chronic schizophrenia hospitalized in N mental hospital located in N city (29 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group). The program was provided 3 times a week for 8 weeks, 24 sessions each lasting 45~60 minutes. Effects of this program were evaluated using BMI, K-POMS-B, PANSS. The data were analyzed using percentage, chi2-test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired t-test, t-test, and ANCOVA with SPSS 12.0 version. RESULTS: After the aerobic exercise program, statistically significant decreases in BMI, depression, fatigue score of the K-POMS, and psychiatric symptoms were found for the experimental group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that aerobic exercise programs are an effective psychiatric nursing intervention to decrease BMI, general psychiatric symptoms and fatigue, and also to improve mood states. Therefore aerobic exercise program are suggested as a potential approach for reducing re-hospitalization and facilitating social readjustment for patients with schizophrenia.
Body Mass Index ; Depression ; Exercise* ; Fatigue ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Male ; Psychiatric Nursing ; Schizophrenia*

PURPOSE: Frequency of sesamoid bone on hallucal interphalangeal joint has been described to be low probability in orthopaedic and anatomical literature. We have, however, experienced two cases of interphalangeal joint dislocation giving difficulty to usual manipulative reduction because of presence of sesamoid bone recently. In order to ascertain existence of sesamoid bone on interphalangeal joint of hallux in Korean adults, radiological study have been performed with feet of patients MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between May 2003 and October 2006, 974 patients with 1098 radiographs of feet which were reached skeletal maturity over 18-year-old were examined. Unilateral or bilateral anteroposterior, lateral and oblique radiographs were observed by one same person and presence was recorded if there was sesamoid in films. Distance of long and short axes were measured in lateral view and cases of two sesamoids in interphalangeal joint were recorded. Statistical differences between left and right side or between men and women were evaluated by chi-square test. RESULTS: Frequency of sesamoid was 980 cases (89.3%) and no occurrence in 118 cases (10.7%). Two sesamoids were observed in 3 cases. Average distance of long axis was 4.9 mm (range, 0.5-11.4) and average distance of short axis was 3.5 mm (range, 0.3-9.3). Unilateral sesamoid was observed in 7 patients (5.6%), bilateral absence was 7 patients (5.6%) and bilateral sesamoids in 110 patients (88.8%) out of 124 patients who took bilateral feet radiographs. Men has less frequency than women significantly (p=0.014) while there was no significant difference in frequency according to side(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Sesamoid bone was seen in 980 feet (89.3%) out of 1098 normal Korean radiological studies of feet. We report 3 cases of two seamoids which was extremely rarely reported in literature. Korean frequency is similar with Japanese, but much higher than Caucasians and black Africans.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Dislocations ; Female ; Foot ; Hallux* ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Sesamoid Bones*

No abstract available.
Extremities* ; Liposarcoma*

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and complication of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique for lateral malleolar fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2001 to December 2003, we had treated 13 cases of lateral malleolar fracture (AO-OTA classification, type A: 4, type B: 9) by MIPO technique and followed them up more than 1 year. Operation time, union time, radiologic alignment, range of motion of the ankle joint, functional results according to criteria of Meyer and complication were evaluated. RESULTS: After the final follow-up, all the fractures were healed without any second procedure, full-weight bearing ambulation was started in average 10 weeks. Any malunion was not observed by the inadequate bending of plate. Two patients felt a discomfort of ankle because the location of plate was lower than the tip of the lateral malleolus, but all the patients had excellent or satisfactory ankle functions. No deep infection or soft tissue compromise were observed at the last follow up. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis technique is safe and worthwhile method in management of lateral malleous fractures while avoiding the complications associated with conventional open plating methods.
Ankle ; Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Walking

Irreducible dislocation of great toe interphalangeal joint with incarcerated sesamoid is a rare condition, with only a few cases reported in literature. We describe two cases of dislocation of interphalangeal joint which were diagnosed by plain radiographs and three dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) and successfully treated with open reduction without excision of sesamoid through dorsal approach along with literature pertinent to this condition.
Dislocations* ; Joints ; Sesamoid Bones* ; Toe Joint ; Toes*

We report the imaging features of three cases of tuberculous otitis media. All three patients underwenttemporal bone CT scanning, and in two, additional MRI scanning was performed. The three cases showed soft tissuedensity in the external auditory canal, and in two, destruction of the trabeculation and internal cortex of themastoid bone was noted. In two patients with facial palsy, erosion of the facial canal was seen. On MRI, abundantgranulomatous tissue was noted in the middle ear cavity and mastoid air cells. In one case, abnormal enhancementof the cochlea, and of the facial and eighth cranial nerve in the internal acoustic canal was seen. Another caseshowed enhancement of the vestibule and lateral semicircular canal. If radiologic evaluation of chronic otitismedia reveals destruction of the tegmen and trabeculation of the mastoid bone, together with abundant granulationtissue and enhancement of the internal ear, tuberculous otitis media may be included in the differentialdiagnosis.
Acoustics ; Cochlea ; Ear Canal ; Ear, Inner ; Ear, Middle ; Facial Paralysis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mastoid ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis* ; Semicircular Canals ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve

No abstract available.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) Ila is an inherited disease characterized by the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism. It has been shown to be associated with germ-line mutatians in the RET proto-oncogene. Presymptomatic screening of medullary thyroid carcinoma in MEN IIa families enables the early diagnosis of this tumor with its significant morbidity, We describe a 19-year-old woman fmm a MEN IIa family who was founded by DNA analysis to be a gene carrier of MEN IIa and then was diagnosed, using a pentagastrin stimulation test, as having presymptomatie medullary thyroid carcinoma She underwent thyroidectomy and histologic examination confirmed medullary thyroid carcinoma. It is cancluded that direct genetic analysis for mutations in the RET proto-oncogene should be the diagnstlc test of choice for identifying family members at risk for MEN IIa and thyroidectomy on the basis of genetic analysis is a rational course of action.
DNA ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Genes, vif ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a* ; Pentagastrin ; Pheochromocytoma ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyroidectomy ; Young Adult

Injuries to sural nerve through surgical incision or open wound in calcaneal fractures were reported as complications causing lateral hindfoot pain. But sural nerve entrapment by adhesive fibrous tissue after Essex-Lopresti axial fixation has not been reported. We report a case of sural nerve entrapment after Essex-Lopresti axial fixation which was successfully treated by nerve decompression.
Adhesives ; Decompression ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; Sural Nerve* ; Wounds and Injuries