Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria was reported in 1933 by Ichikawa and Hiraga in Japan. This disease is characterized by small pigmented and depigmented mottled macules on the trunk and extremities. We report two cases of dyschromatosis universalis. Case one is a 47-year-old man presented with hypoand hyperpigmented spots on the trunk and extrexities. At about 30 years of age, he started to show pigmentary changes on the back, which became progressively spread to the other parts of the trunk and extremities. Case two is a 27-year-old man with numerous mottled hypo-and hyperpigmented spots on the trunk and extremities. He started to show pigmentary changes on the back about 12 years ago. This pigmentary changes also became progressively spread to the other part of the trunk and extrimities. There were no family history of similar disease. On physical exminations, both patients had hrown rice-grain sized pigmented and depigmented macules without scales and atropy on the trunk and extremites. Fontana-Masson stains revealed decreased and increased melar in granules in the basal cell layers in the hypopigrnented and hyperpigmented lesions respectively.
Adult ; Coloring Agents ; Extremities ; Humans ; Japan ; Middle Aged ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Anal Canal* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma* ; Stomach*

The authors report series of 360 cases of transthoracic fine-needle aspiration cytology (TFNA) from Oct. 1982, through Aug. 1986 at the Seoul National University Hospital. A diagnosis of neoplastic lesion was established in 50.3% of the cases. A non-neop- lastic diagnosis was made in 38.5%, nondiagnostic one in 6.5% and inadequate one in 4.7% of the total. Statistical findings on cytological diagnoses were as follows. Specificity was 100%: sensitivity, 92%; predictive value for positive, 1.0: predictive value for negative, 0.9; concordance rate, 84.2%: diagnostic accuracy in non-neoplastic lesion, 65.4%, and typing accuracy in malignant tumor, 0.77.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cricetinae* ; Macrophage Activation* ; Macrophages* ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Mice* ; Nitric Oxide ; Phagocytosis

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Intestinal Obstruction*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To measure the accuracy of Embletta X100, a level 2 portable sleep monitoring device, for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea and assessment of sleep structure. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We enrolled 200 consecutive patients who had been referred due to habitual snoring or witnessed apnea during sleep and had undergone standard polysomnography (PSG). We created a simulated situation similar to that of the Embletta X100 using only data from PSG and scored the sleep stage and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Thereafter, the results of PSG and simulated Embletta X100 were compared. RESULTS: Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of simulated Embletta X100 based on PSG were nearly 100% at three different cutoff values of AHI (5, 15, and 30). Intraclass correlation (ICC) of simulated Embletta X100 based on PSG was also excellent (≥0.9) for most of the sleep-related parameters and respiratory index. However, ICC of sleep stage percent was variable according to sleep stage (>0.9 for N1 and N2, 0.664 for N3, and 0.864 for R). CONCLUSION: Although sleep staging is not very precise, Embletta X100 matches well with PSG overall.
Apnea ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Methods ; Polysomnography ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Sleep Stages ; Snoring

PURPOSE: Incorrect umbilical venous catheter(UVC) position results in an increased incidence of complications and rnisleading pressure measurements. Most modern catheters are radiopaque and are easily seen on plain film radiographs but the exact relation of the catheter tip to vascular anatomic landmarks is not available. We assessed the ability of ultrasonography to locate the tip of UVC. And we described the relationship between the locations of the tip of UVC on the ultrasonography and the anatomical landmark seen on the radiography. METHODS: From February 1997 to June 1997, 40 newborns admitted to NICU at Guro Hospital, Korea University, and required UVC insertion for clinical care. UVC position was checked by anteroposterior and cross table lateral radiography. And then ultrasonographic assessment was performed using Hewlett Packard Sonos-1000(Hewlett Packard, UK) with a 5 MHz transducer. The ultrasonographic examinations were documented on hard copy and compared with current plain film radiographs. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value for the radiography as a test to detect properly positioned UVC were calculated. RESULTS: 1) In 23 of 40 newborns the UVCs were properly positioned by anteroposterior radiography (T8-T10), but ultrasonographic examination showed that 3 UVCs were malpositioned(false positive value 13%). Detection of properly located UVC by anteroposterior radiography had a sensitivity of 76.9%, specificity of 78.6%, positive predictive value of 87% and negative predictive value of 64.7%. 2) In 13 of 40 newborns the UVCs were properly positioned by anteroposterior radiography (T8- T9), ultrasonographic examination showed that all UVCs were positioned in RA and IVC(false positive value 0%). Detection of properly located UVC by anteroposterior radiography had a sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 51.9%. 3) In 18 of 40 newborns the UVCs were properly positioned by cross table lateral radio- graphy(less than 7mm between diaphragm and tip of UVC), but ultrasonographic examination showed that all UVCs were positioned in RA and IVC(false positive value 10.5%). Detection of properly located UVC by cross table lateral radiography had a sensitivity of 69.2%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 63.6%. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographic catheter localization is a noninvasive technique that uses no ionizing radiation and has no known deterimental side effects, and allows direct visualization of the pertinent vascular anatomy and provides more information than traditional radiography. Use of ultrasonographic guidance at the time of UVC insertion allows the catheter position to be immediately adjusted, with confirmation of the amended position, obviating the need for repeated radiological evaluations. When ultrasonography is unavailable, proper placement of UVC can be estimated by use of radiography to position the tip of UVC between the eighth and ninth thoracic vertebral body by anteroposterior radiography and less than 7mm above or below the diaphragm by cross table lateral radiography.
Anatomic Landmarks ; Catheters* ; Diaphragm ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Korea ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radiography* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography

A primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is a rare subtype of a cholangiocarcinoma. Adenosquamous carcinoma is known to have an aggressive biologic behavior and is associated with a poor prognosis. Recently, we experienced a case of a primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver. A 69-year-old man was subjected to a right hemicolectomy five months ago due to an ascending colon cancer. At a periodic check-up, abdominal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a ~1.1 cm-sized hepatic mass which was highly suspicious of being a hepatic metastasis from the ascending colon cancer. A hepatic segmentectomy was performed. The tumor was microscopically composed of an adenocarcinoma and a squamous cell carcinoma, and it was different from the previous colon cancer as determined by immunohistochemistry. Three months after the hepatic segmentectomy, multiple hepatic metastasis was found and the patient has been treated as an outpatient with capecitabine.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Colon* ; Colon, Ascending ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Outpatients ; Prognosis ; Ultrasonography ; Capecitabine