No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Hemoglobinuria*

Several reports on burst fractures of the thoracolumbar spine have noted that the neural canal encroachment caused by bone in the canal did not correlate with the neurologic status of the patient. But in the thoracolumbar spine the average percent compromise was significantly higher in those patients with complete and incomplete lesions, compared with those patients with no neural deficits. In this study, we evaluated 38 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures, operated from March 1989 to February 1993 to know the amount of neural canal compromise, demonstrated on computed tomography scans with neurologic status, level of injury and type of fractures. Among them 22 patients had neurologic deficit and 16 did not neurologic deficit. The results were as follows; 1. 19(76%) of 22 patients with disruption of the posterior spinal elements had neurologic defictis. 2. In the group with neurologic deficits, the stenotic ratio was 44% at the epiconus level, 55% at the conus medullaris, level and 63% at the cauda equna level. 3. The average A-P diameter of the bony fragments retropulsed into the spinal canal was 4.5mm at the epiconus level, 5.2mm at the conus medullaris level and 6.0mm at the cauda equina level. 4. Unstable bursting fracture and fracture dislocation showed higher incidence of neurologic injury and percentage of spinal stenotic ratio than those of flexion distraction and wedge compression fracture. In conclusion, the higher the level of the injured vertebrae, the smaller the size of the retropulsed fragment needed compromise the neural tissues. We suggest that it is necessary to get enough decompression for restoration of spinal canal and recovery of neurological function and computed tomography was more sensitive than any other modality in detection the reduction of the retropulsed bony fragment into spinal canal.
Cauda Equina ; Decompression ; Dislocations ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neural Tube ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Cord ; Spine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive*

BACKGROUND: Rocuronium, a new nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, has been reported to develop a rapid onset of action and may be suitable as a component of a rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia. Therefore we have compared rocuronium with pancuronium and vecuronium about the onset time, intubation time, and tracheal intubating conditions. METHOD: Thirty patients were divided into three groups, who were receiving intravenously pancuronium 0.14 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg respectively for tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia. The onset time(Time from drug administration to zero count of PTC) and intubation time were checked using train of four responses of the adductor pollicis muscle after ulnar nerve stimulation(2 Hz, 40mA) every 10 seconds. The intubation conditions were recorded by a "blinded" assessor as excellent, good, fair or not possible. RESULT: The onset time of pancuronium, vecuronium and rocuronium was, 125.0+/-10.0, 256.0+/-18.4 and 90.0+/-22.1 sec. respectivly. The time of intubation was 94.0+/-12.6, 95.3+/-7.9, and 77.0+/-10.6sec.(pancuronium,vecuronium & rocuronium respectively). The onset time of rocuronium was significantly faster than the other two nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. The tracheal intubation with rocuronium was possible earlier than pancuronium or vecuronium but no statistical significance was observed and the condition of intubation was excellent compare to others in all ten patients. CONCLUSION: Rocuronium may have advantages over existing non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents with faster rate of development of neuromuscular block with excellent intubation condition after administraction of a dose 0.6 mg/kg(ED 95 x 2).
Anesthesia ; Humans ; Intubation ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Pancuronium ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide

BACKGROUND: Rocuronium, a new nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, has been reported to develop a rapid onset of action and may be suitable as a component of a rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia. Therefore we have compared rocuronium with pancuronium and vecuronium about the onset time, intubation time, and tracheal intubating conditions. METHOD: Thirty patients were divided into three groups, who were receiving intravenously pancuronium 0.14 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg respectively for tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia. The onset time(Time from drug administration to zero count of PTC) and intubation time were checked using train of four responses of the adductor pollicis muscle after ulnar nerve stimulation(2 Hz, 40mA) every 10 seconds. The intubation conditions were recorded by a "blinded" assessor as excellent, good, fair or not possible. RESULT: The onset time of pancuronium, vecuronium and rocuronium was, 125.0+/-10.0, 256.0+/-18.4 and 90.0+/-22.1 sec. respectivly. The time of intubation was 94.0+/-12.6, 95.3+/-7.9, and 77.0+/-10.6sec.(pancuronium,vecuronium & rocuronium respectively). The onset time of rocuronium was significantly faster than the other two nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. The tracheal intubation with rocuronium was possible earlier than pancuronium or vecuronium but no statistical significance was observed and the condition of intubation was excellent compare to others in all ten patients. CONCLUSION: Rocuronium may have advantages over existing non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents with faster rate of development of neuromuscular block with excellent intubation condition after administraction of a dose 0.6 mg/kg(ED 95 x 2).
Anesthesia ; Humans ; Intubation ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Pancuronium ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Recurrence*

No abstract available.
Biomarkers* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*

OBJECTIVES: Supraorbital route through eyebrow incision, mini-pterional craniotomy, and midline interhemispheric route are most generally used methods for key hole surgery on anterior circulation aneurysm. Surgical route is determined according to aneurysm architecture and patient status. The approaching route can be selected according to the findings of 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) angiography simulation. Prospective decision-making protocol, surgical technique of key hole surgery, and the results are presented in this paper. METHODS: 173 patients with anterior circulation aneurysms were treated by direct surgical neck clipping during last two years. Twenty patients of poor grade (Hunt-Hess grade IV,V) were treated by craniectomy with clipping. Decision making protocol was applied to 153 unruptured and good grade ruptured aneurysm patients. Simulation of key hole surgery was conducted by CT work station using conventional software InSpace (Siemens, Germany), and direction and shape of aneurysm was observed from the perspective of microsurgery. RESULTS: 113 ruptured and 40 unruptured aneurysms were secured through one of the three approaching routes. Supraorbital approach had been performed in 82 cases (unruptured 24, ruptured 58) while 64 cases were treated by mini-pterional craniotomy. Midline key hole surgery were carried out in seven distal anterior circulation aneurysms (DACA) using brain navigation system. After locating the aneurysm, supraorbital approach was applied to 46 cases involving anterior cerebral artery (ACA), 16 in internal carotid artery (ICA) and 20 in middle cerebral artery (MCA). Mini-pterional craniotomy was carried out in aneurysms located in ACA (9), ICA (18), and MCA (37). In most cases, the results of clipping were good. The average follow-up time was 16.7months (ranging 2 to 32months) and the results were cosmetically excellent. CONCLUSION: Simulating surgical approaches with 3-D CT angiography is a highly useful method for determining various surgical routes in anterior circulation aneurysm treatment. Therefore, minimally invasive and tailored surgical approaches are recommended since optimal route can be found through simulation. Thus, minimal invasive and tailored surgical approach is available through this method. These procedures have clear advantages; shorter surgical time and hospital stay, less operative trauma, reduced costs and less pain, and better cosmetic outcomes compared to standard craniotomy. Optimal surgical results are expected from minimally invasive and tailored surgical craniotomy.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Angiography ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Brain ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cosmetics ; Craniotomy ; Decision Making ; Eyebrows ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Microsurgery ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Neck ; Operative Time

OBJECTIVE: We performed the surgery using titanium double cylindrical cage for anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion in various degenerative cervical diseases. We compared the clinical results and radiologic results in cervical anterior disectomy. Method: From October 2007 to October 2008, 19 patients diagnosed with degenerative disease underwent anterior cervical disectomy and interbody fusion. The postsurgical clinical results were analyzed retrospectively by classifying them into four levels based on Odom's criteria(excellent, good, fair, and poor) after a more than 6-month follow-up period. RESULTS: In all cases, a single segment was involved, and surgery was performed for 19 segments. The C5-C6 inter-vertebral disc was the most commonly affected(9 cases). The clinical outcome was excellent, good, and fair in 5(26.3 %), 10(52.6%), and 4(21.0%) cases, respectively. An excellent or good outcome was considered as a successful result, showing an approximately 78.9% cure rate. No patient had aggravated symptoms compared with their preoperative status. CONCLUSION: Relatively satisfactory clinical and radiographic results were obtained with double cylindrical cages. The surgical method is relatively simple, allows good synostosis, and prevents many complications associated with autografting. It is also less traumatic to the spinal cord during cage insertion. Therefore, double cylindrical cages are generally more recommended for treating cervical spondylosis accompanied with flat cages.
Diskectomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; Spondylosis ; Synostosis ; Titanium ; Transplantation, Autologous

The occurrences of thyrotoxicosis in patients with myasthenia gravis have been reported before the knowledge of the pathogenesis of the two disease. Thytotoxicosis is known to occur in 3 to 6 percent of patients with myasthenia gravis and myasthenia gravis occurs in only a fraction of 1 percent of the thyrotoxic populatian. Myasthenia gravis is currently considered as a systemic autoimmune disorder of acetylcholine receptor and often presented with other autoimmune diseases such as SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis. We experienced a 18-year-old woman who presented with graves disease and isolated ocular myasthenia gravis. Chest CT didnot reveal enlarged thymus. The usual treatement of myasthenia gravis associated with thymtoxicosis consists of medical control of the thyrotoxicosis, then thymectomy and later subtotal thyroidectomy. Her ptosis and thyrotoxicosis have improved after the medicatian of anticholinesterase and propylthiourecil. A case of ocular myasthenia gravis with Gravesdisease was experienced, so we reported the case with a brief review of literature.
Acetylcholine ; Adolescent ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Female ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Myasthenia Gravis ; Thymectomy ; Thymus Gland ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyrotoxicosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed