No abstract available.
Ambulatory Care Facilities* ; Humans ; Outpatients* ; Pharynx*

In order to assess the biocompatibility of domestic dynamic compression plates and screws manufactured at KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technclogy), hematological, serological, histological, and metallurgical studies were carried out on sixty rabbits through thirty-two weeks. The rabbits were divided into two groups, group I: thirty rabbits for KAIST plates and screws, group II: thirty rabbits for Osteo plates and screws. The plate and screws were fixed on the fixed tibial shaft. All the resulg of hematological, serological, histological, and metallurgical study revealed that there were no meaningful differences between the two groups. This, in fact, enco.urages us to use domestic KAIST plates and screws clinically and to develop more complicated designs including total joint replacement system.
Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Joints ; Rabbits ; Stainless Steel

No abstract available.
Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

PURPOSE: Frequency of sesamoid bone on hallucal interphalangeal joint has been described to be low probability in orthopaedic and anatomical literature. We have, however, experienced two cases of interphalangeal joint dislocation giving difficulty to usual manipulative reduction because of presence of sesamoid bone recently. In order to ascertain existence of sesamoid bone on interphalangeal joint of hallux in Korean adults, radiological study have been performed with feet of patients MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between May 2003 and October 2006, 974 patients with 1098 radiographs of feet which were reached skeletal maturity over 18-year-old were examined. Unilateral or bilateral anteroposterior, lateral and oblique radiographs were observed by one same person and presence was recorded if there was sesamoid in films. Distance of long and short axes were measured in lateral view and cases of two sesamoids in interphalangeal joint were recorded. Statistical differences between left and right side or between men and women were evaluated by chi-square test. RESULTS: Frequency of sesamoid was 980 cases (89.3%) and no occurrence in 118 cases (10.7%). Two sesamoids were observed in 3 cases. Average distance of long axis was 4.9 mm (range, 0.5-11.4) and average distance of short axis was 3.5 mm (range, 0.3-9.3). Unilateral sesamoid was observed in 7 patients (5.6%), bilateral absence was 7 patients (5.6%) and bilateral sesamoids in 110 patients (88.8%) out of 124 patients who took bilateral feet radiographs. Men has less frequency than women significantly (p=0.014) while there was no significant difference in frequency according to side(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Sesamoid bone was seen in 980 feet (89.3%) out of 1098 normal Korean radiological studies of feet. We report 3 cases of two seamoids which was extremely rarely reported in literature. Korean frequency is similar with Japanese, but much higher than Caucasians and black Africans.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Dislocations ; Female ; Foot ; Hallux* ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Sesamoid Bones*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the CT appearance of renal cell carcinoma and to correlate it with nuclear grading andcell type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The size, outer margin and heterogeneity of inner texture of renal cell carcinomas in 86 patients were evaluated on CT scan and were correlated with nuclear grade and cell type. RESULTS: Tumors less than 5cm were of low grade in 28 of 31 patients, while those larger than 5cm were of low grade in 28 of 55 patients. The lesions which showed no or round protrusion with a sharp margin were of low grade in 26 of 28 patients, while those which showed an undulated or indistinct margin were of low grade in 30 of 58 patients. Lesions which showed a homogeneous solid appearance, focal low densities, or mostly cystic changes were of low grade in 23 of 26 patients, while those which showed multiple or confluent low densites were low grade in 33 of 60 patients. There was a significant difference in the distribution of nuclear grading between the groups. Differences in CT apperance according to cell type were not found. CONCLUSION: Differences in less than 5cm showing no or round protrusion with a sharp margin, homogeneous inner texture with solid appearance, and heterogeneous inner texture with cystic appearance or focal low densities on CT scan were thought to be the findings suggesting low nuclear grading.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Population Characteristics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To evaluate the result of joint depression type of intraarticular calcaneal fractures treated with Essex-Lopresti method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2001 to February 2005, Thirty two patients' joint depression type of intraarticular calcaneal fractures which treated with Essex-Lopresti method were clinically and radiographically evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: According to Creighton-Nebraska Health Foundation Assessment Score (C-N score), there were 5 excellent, 11 good, 6 fair and 10 poor results. Böhler angle was corrected from 10.3 degrees to 24.5 degrees. There was a positive correlation between size of depressed fragment and C-N score (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Essex-Lopresti method can substitute open reduction methods in joint depression type of intraarticular calcaneal fractures which have relatively large depressed joint fragments.
Depression* ; Joints* ; Methods* ; Retrospective Studies

The antinuclear antbody (ANA) test have been used to screen the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases. We had retrospectively reviewed the 263 records of pediatric patients with doing ANA tests who admitted at Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, from January 1988 to May 1993. The following results were obtained. 1) The positive rate of ANA test in patients with connective tissue diseases is 16 out of 40(40%).In patients with SLE, the positive rate of ANA test is 9 out of 11 (82%). 2) The positive predictivity for SLE is 9 out 36 (25%). 3) The positive predictivity for connective tissue disease and possible immune disease is 28 out of 36 (78%). 4) The false positive rate is 8 0ut of 36 (22%), Thus, the pediatric patients with positive ANA test should be applicable for diagnosis with prudence. 5) The positive anti-dsDNA in patients with the positive ANA is shown in 4 cases and these patients are all SLE. In conclusion, the patients who had repeated positive ANA should be tested Anti-dsDNA antibody, and further clinical and diagnostic evaluation of other ANA associated diseases.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immune System Diseases ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To compare clinical and radiological results between standard insertion method and semiextended method which was designed to improve proximal fixation and alignment in proximal tibia fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review from May 2000 to February 2004, identified 24 extraarticular fractures in proximal tibia, initially treated with locked intramedullary nails at least 1 year follow up. There were 12 open injuries, 4 segmental, 3 butterfly fragments and 17 comminuted. Semiextended method was used in 10 fratures and standard insertion method which is cephalad to tibial tubercle in 14. Follow up clinical assessment consisted of review of associated injuries and complications and these two methods were compared by postoperative angulation and displacement in anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Data were analysed by t-tests. RESULTS: In semiextended group, average angulation was 2.3 degrees in coronal and 2.8 degrees in sagittal plane and average displacement was 4.5 mm in coronal and 5.3 mm in sagittal. In ordinary group, average angulation was 5.1 degrees in coronal and 7.4 degrees in sagittal plane and average displacement was 6.1 mm in coronal and 5.3 mm in sagittal. In semiextended group, there were significant reduction in coronal angulation (p=0.006) and sagittal angulation (p=0.001), but there was no significant difference in coronal (p=0.344) and sagittal (p=0.99) displacement. Both groups showed anterior, valgus angulation and posterolateral displacement in most cases. There were 14 associated injuries and one patient developed nonunion and was treated by nail exchange with autogenous bone graft. CONCLUSION: Our retrospective analysis demonstrated that semiextended method is effective for reducing coronal and sagittal angulation, but is not helpful for reducing displacement in both planes.
Butterflies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures* ; Transplants

Percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic compression fractures or malignant osteolytic spinal tumors provides pain relief. A pulmonary embolism caused by polymethylmethacrylate migration after this procedure is rare and its major complication, pulmonary infarction, involves necrosis of the lung parenchyme, resulting from interference with the blood supply. We report a case of a large pulmonary embolus (diameter 2 cm) after cement vertebroplasty for an osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and successful management with anticoagulation only.
Embolism ; Fractures, Compression ; Lung ; Necrosis ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Pulmonary Infarction ; Spine ; Vertebroplasty

Osteoid osteomas occur most commonly in the lumbar spine. However, they rarely occur in the sacrum, and there is no report of such a case in Korea. We report a case of osteoid osteoma in the sacrum in a 15-year-old boy who was treated by a surgical excision with a satisfactory outcome. Although unusual, an osteoid osteoma should be considered when making a differential diagnosis of benign tumors in the sacral areas.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Osteoma, Osteoid* ; Sacrum* ; Spine