No abstract available.
Leiomyoma* ; Stomach*

Teratoma is one of germ cell tumor, common neoplasm in women of reproductive age, but it can arise at any age. Its malignant transformation is rare, less than 2%, frequently at older age. Nearly all the cases are squamous, sarcomatous and adenomatous transformation. Here we present a case of mixed transformation, adeno-squamous cell carcinoma with brief review of the concerned literature.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Teratoma*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the result of excision and lamellar keratoscleroplasty using ultrasound biomicroscopy in limbal dermoid. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed in 10 patients with limbal dermoid, who were performed preoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy to access the extent of the lesion and the depth of corneal involvement, and underwent excision and superficial keratoscleroplasty with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months RESULTS: On ultrasound biomicroscopic examination, the dermoid showed highly reflective, homogeneous echo density than surrouding tissue, leading to identifying the lateral margin of the lesion and depth of involvement. The mean maximun thickness of the lesion was 1.1 +/- 0.2mm. The six of 8 patients, who were feasible to test visual acuity, had no change in best corrected visual acuity, and 2 of 8 patients gained less than 1 line. Most patients (9 of 10), except one, had good or excellent cosmetic results with no haze (5 of 10) or minimal haze (4 of 10). CONCLUSIONS: In limbal dermoid, ultrasound biomicroscopy was helpful in accessing the extent of the lesion and the depth of involvement preoperatively, and excision and lamellar keratoscleroplasty leads to good results without complication.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography* ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Meningitis*

BACKGROUND: Topoisomerase II (topo II) is a major target of anthracyclines and epipodophyllotoxins for anticancer treatment. The expression of topo II is low in drug resistant cell lines. High levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST)pi have been associated with emergence of cell lines resistant to alkylating agents or adriamycin. METHODS: By immunostaining with paraffin embedded bone marrow tissues, the expression of topo II alpha and GSTpi was investigated in 51 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and the relation of topo II alpha and GSTpi expression to treatment response in 29 patients with AML following induction chemotherapy was also evaluated. RESULTS: Topo II positive cells varied from less than 1% to 60% of leukemic cells and 20 (39.2%) were negative for topo II (positive cells<10%). Treatment response following chemotherapy was not related to topo II. 26 (51.0%) were positive for GSTpi. GSTpi expression was related to treatment resistance of the patients following chemotherapy. In the patients who showed both topo II alpha negative and GSTpi positive, the frequency of treatment resistance following chemotherapy was high. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that immunostaining of topo II alpha and GSTpi with the bone marrow paraffin sections of AML patients can be useful to predict the treatment response following chemotherapy and that further study including more patients with prospective study may substantiate topo II alpha and GSTpi as multidrug resistant markers.
Alkylating Agents ; Anthracyclines ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Line ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II* ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Therapy ; Glutathione S-Transferase pi* ; Glutathione Transferase* ; Glutathione* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Paraffin ; Podophyllotoxin

OBJECTIVES: This study is to investigate clinicopathologic characteristics, survival and prognostic factors in patients with Krukenberg tumor of the ovary. MATERIAL & METHODS: From Jan. 1991 to Dec. 2000, 42 patients with Krukenberg tumor of the ovary were investigated with clinical profiles, such as age, stage, primary sites, clinical symptoms, and survival, retrospectively. RESULTS: A mean age of 42 patients was 44.8 years (range 27-77). Stomach was the most frequent primary site (30/42, 71.4%), followed by colon (7/42, 16.7%) and gallbladder (1/42, 2.4%). In 38 patients, primary sites diagnosed before or after 1 month of diagnosis of Krukenberg tumor of ovary (36/38 cases, 94.7%). The most common feature of patients with Krukenberg tumor of ovary was bilateral abdominal mass. 5-year survival rate of patients with Krukenberg tumor of ovary was 8.94% (95% CI=3.33-14.55) and median survival time was 11 months. Age, bilaterality of tumor, time of diagnosis, presence of ascites and the primary site did not affect the survival. The patients who received post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy had better 3-year survival than those who did not (17.28% vs 10% p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Krukenberg tumor of the ovary is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy may increase the survival of patients with Krukenberg tumor of the ovary. Further prospective studies for the role of surgery and chemotherapy are needed.
Ascites ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Krukenberg Tumor* ; Ovary* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVES: This study is to investigate clinicopathologic characteristics, survival and prognostic factors in patients with Krukenberg tumor of the ovary. MATERIAL & METHODS: From Jan. 1991 to Dec. 2000, 42 patients with Krukenberg tumor of the ovary were investigated with clinical profiles, such as age, stage, primary sites, clinical symptoms, and survival, retrospectively. RESULTS: A mean age of 42 patients was 44.8 years (range 27-77). Stomach was the most frequent primary site (30/42, 71.4%), followed by colon (7/42, 16.7%) and gallbladder (1/42, 2.4%). In 38 patients, primary sites diagnosed before or after 1 month of diagnosis of Krukenberg tumor of ovary (36/38 cases, 94.7%). The most common feature of patients with Krukenberg tumor of ovary was bilateral abdominal mass. 5-year survival rate of patients with Krukenberg tumor of ovary was 8.94% (95% CI=3.33-14.55) and median survival time was 11 months. Age, bilaterality of tumor, time of diagnosis, presence of ascites and the primary site did not affect the survival. The patients who received post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy had better 3-year survival than those who did not (17.28% vs 10% p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Krukenberg tumor of the ovary is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy may increase the survival of patients with Krukenberg tumor of the ovary. Further prospective studies for the role of surgery and chemotherapy are needed.
Ascites ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Krukenberg Tumor* ; Ovary* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the degree of risk and location of multiple primary cancers can facilitate the targeting of screening and surveillance practices on follow-up after treatment of cervical cancer. PURPOSE: The retrospective study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of multiple primary malignancies in patients treated for cervical carcinoma. METHOD: From data base file of gynecologic cancer patients between 1976 and 1995, total 20 patients were found to have cervical cancer and another primary malignancy. Their medical records and pathologic slides were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained from medical records or by telephone. RESULT: There were 8 synchronous and 12 metachronous multiple primary cancers (MPC) among 20 patients. Their mean age was 51 years (range 23 ~ 68 years). The distribution of FIGO stage of the patients with cervical cancer was classified into stage I, 6 patients; stage II, 9 ; and stage III, 5. All patients showed squamous cell type histology of cervical cancer. Eight(40 %) of 20 patients developed second cancer in uterus : 6 malignant mixed Mllerian tumors(MMMT), one endometrial stromal sarcoma, and one endometrial adenocarcinoma. Seven of 8 synchronous type MPC patients are alive (median follow-up, 27 months). In contrast, only one out of 12 metachronous type MPC patients is alive(median follow-up, 114 months). The occurrence of eight malignancies including 6 MMMT, one bladder cancer, and one rectal cancer might be related with previous radiation therapy for cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that routine screening and surveillance work-up might not be necessary in most of patients with cervical cancer. However, the patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiation treatment have to be followed carefully with the consideration of possibility for developing second cancer in the field of irradiation.
Adenocarcinoma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Medical Records ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal ; Telephone ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterus

PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes of tear film and ocular surface in keratoconus patients. METHODS: Twenty-eight eyes of 18 patients with keratoconus and 32 eyes of 16 normal subjects were included. We performed corneal sensitivity test, tear film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test, fluorescein and rose bengal staining, and conjunctival impression cytology, and compared the results between the two groups. According to the central corneal power, we classified the patients into 3 groups and compared these parameters between groups. RESULTS: Corneal sensitivity was 5.56 +/- 0.34 mm and 5.88 +/- 0.25 mm (p<0.001), BUT was 9.64 +/- 2.51 sec and 10.69 +/- 2.89 sec (p=0.008), basal tear secretion was 9.00 +/- 3.06 mm and 10.88 +/- 3.95 mm (p=0.025), fluorescein staining score was 1.43 +/- 1.87 and 0.69 +/- 1.20 (p=0.105), and rose bengal staining score was 0.86 +/- 0.97 and 0.22 +/- 0.55 (p=0.003) in the patients and control subjects, respectively. The degree of conjunctival squamous metaplasia was 1.04 +/- 0.51 and 0.62 +/- 0.43 (p=0.039), and goblet cell density was 762.65 +/- 76.32 cells/mm2 and 880.21 +/- 82.06 cells/mm2 (p=0.041) in the patients and control subjects respectively. All parameters except basal tear secretion and fluorescein staining score were related to the severity of keratoconus. CONCLUSIONS: Tear film and ocular surface changes in patients with keratoconus are composed of decreased corneal sensitivity, decreased quantity and quality of tear film, and damages to corneal and conjunctival epitheliums, which are similar to the findings in keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Epithelium ; Fluorescein ; Goblet Cells ; Humans ; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ; Keratoconus* ; Metaplasia ; Rose Bengal ; Tears*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical manifestations and the results of treatment in congenital lacrimal fistula. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the symptoms, associated anomalies, and results of treatment in patients with congenital lacrimal fistula. RESULTS: The mean age of the 22 total patients was 22.5+/-24.6 years (4 months~77 years). Associated anomalies were shown in two patients - one with hearing loss and upper punctal atresia, and the other with imperforate anus and undescended testes. Symptoms were tearing in 18 eyes and subcutaneous nodule in 3 eyes. Most of the external ostium of the fistula were located at the skin inferomedial (16 eyes) or medial (5 eyes) to the medial canthus, but one case had external ostium at the medial palpebral conjunctiva. Symptom improved in all patients after fistulectomy with bicanalicular intubation in 12 eyes, fistulectomy in 1 eye, bicanalicular intubation in 1 eye, and dacryocystorhinostomy combined fistulectomy with bicanalicular intubation in 2 eyes. However, the fistula recurred in 3 cases (19%). CONCLUSIONS: Lacrimal fistula is a congenital anomaly which can cause tearing or subcutaneous nodule. Treatment appropriate to the patient is required to get favorable result.
Anus, Imperforate ; Conjunctiva ; Cryptorchidism ; Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Fistula* ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Intubation ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin