Direct contact method of autoradiography was utilized in studying the distribution of exogenous C(14)-proline in Clonorchis sinensis, Eurytrema pancreaticum, Hymenolepis diminuta and Dipylidium caninum. The most distinct autoradiogram were obtained after 60 min of incubation, corresponding to the maximal absorption of C(14)-proline in these parasite. The radioactivitity of this labeled amino acid was chiefly concentrated in reproductive organs, especially egg-containing uterine tubules.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-cestoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Eurytrema pancreaticum ; Hymenolepis diminuta ; Dipylidium caninum ; autoradiography ; C(14)-proline ; biochemistry ; amino acid

From 1978 to 1984 approximately 49 patients with renal cell carcinoma have been treated at Severance Hospital. Within this group 24 patients had clinically demonstrable metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis or during the follow-up periods. In 3 of 24 patients, brain metastases were found and in 2 of 24 patients, skull metastases with CNS symptoms were found. Of 2 patients with only brain metastasis were treated with radiation. The survival of 2 patients were 39 and 8 months. Of the 3 patients with multiple metastases were treated with conservative treatment and all patients expired. Furthermore, the data support a good treatment modality with radiation therapy for patient with the brain as their only site of metastases.
Brain* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Skull*

In patients with urinary tract infections, institution of specific therapy should be preceded by careful examination of the urine and quantitative bacteriology from properly collected urine specimens. A clinical study on patients with urinary tract infections was done for observation of the changing trend in causative organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility at Yonsei Medical Center for the years 1971, 1976 and 1981. The following results were obtained: 1) In 1971, 571patients (male:211, female:360) with urinary tract infection and in 1976, 647patients (male:265, female:382) and in 1981, 1280patients (male: 471, female: 809) were observed. The ratio of males to females was 1:1.4-1.7, and the majority of the cases(60%) seen in all three sample years occured in patients aged 20-49. 2) In 1971 the most common pathogen were E. coli, enterobacter and paeudomonas in that order. For 1976 the most common pathogens were E. coli, enterobacter, klebsiella and pseudomeonas in that order. For 1981 the most common pathogens were E. coli, klebsiella and pseudomonas in that order. E. coli was the causative organism in 60% of the infections that occured in the female patients, but only 25% of the infections that occured in male patients in all three sample years. 3) The incidence of mixed urinary tract infections was 10.5% in 1971, 15.1% in 1976 and 11.8% in 1981. 4) The susceptibility rates of E. coli were 87.6% to kanamycin and 88.6% to neomycin in 1971 and 93.1% to gentamicin and 85.7% to colistin in 1976 and 92.2% to gentamicin and 98.2% to amikacin in 1981. The susceptibility rate of pseudomonas was 79.5% to colistin in 1971 and 88.7% in 1976 and 63.8% in 1981. Citrobacter, klebsiella, enterobacter and proteus were usually resistant to ampicillin and susceptible to amikacin in 1981. Serratia and acinetobacter were usually resistant to most antibiotics. 5) The susceptibility rate of enterococcus was more than 80% to penicillin in 1971, 1976 and 1981. Staphylococcus and streptococcus were usually resistant to penicillin and susceptible to cephalothin.
Acinetobacter ; Amikacin ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteriology ; Cephalothin ; Citrobacter ; Colistin ; Enterobacter ; Enterococcus ; Female ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kanamycin ; Klebsiella ; Male ; Neomycin ; Penicillins ; Proteus ; Pseudomonas ; Serratia ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urinary Tract*

Follow-up study was made on 14 patients of testicular who were treated at Severance hospital since 1972. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Among the 14 cases of testicular tumors, there were 7 cases of seminoma and 7 cases of nonseminomatous germ cell tumors(3 cases of embryonal cell carcinoma, 1 case of teratoma, 1 case of teratocarcinoma, 1 case of malignant lymphoma and 1 case of reticulum cell sarcoma.) 2. The median survival periods of 7 patients of seminoma was 35 months(range 6 to 113 months). the median survival periods of 7 patients of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor was 25 months (range 7 to 102 months). 3. The clinical stage of patient was stage A in 9, B in 3 and C in 1, The median survival periods of clinical stage A was 27.3 months, B in 51.3 months and C in 8 months. 4. Preoperative evaluation of serum AFB & HCG was made by radioimmunoassay. Only 1 case of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor had elevated serum AFB, but 2 cases of seminoma & 1 case of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor had elevated serum HCG. 5. The average survival periods according to treatment modalities was 40 months in radiation therapy(6 cases of seminoma), 10 months in chemotherapy only(3 cases of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor), 14 months in RPLND(3 cases of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor) and 16 month in RP LND with chemotherapy(2 cases of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor).
Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reticulum ; Seminoma ; Teratocarcinoma ; Teratoma ; Testicular Neoplasms

The fowl nematode Ascaridia galli employed in this experiment was obtained from the intestine of domestic fowls at the local market. The worms selected and washed several times in normal sterilized saline solution. Each about thirty of intact worms were incubated in 50 cc volume of special incubation flasks with incubation mixture consisting of 10 cc of Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) to which were added universally labeled C14-glucose and non-radioactive carrier glucose so as to contain concentration of 200 mg per cent. The worms were allowed to incubation for 3 hours in Dubnoff metabolic shaking incubator at 38 C. After incubation period, respiratory CO(2) samples from central well of incubation flask were analysed for total CO(2) production rate and their specific activity of respiratory CO(2). Glycogen samples isolated from worms were analysed for uptake rate was determined by analyzing the difference of the glucose concentration in a medium before and after incubation period . Radioactivities of these series of experiments were counted by an endwindow Geiger-Muller counter as an infinitely thin samples. The quantitative analysis of C(14)-glucose utilized by Ascaridia galli was summarized as the following . The glucose uptake rate by A. galli was a mean value of 1.73+/-0.32 micro-mole per hour per gram of wet wt. and total CO(2) production rate by the worms averaged 8.44+/-1.11 micro-mole per hour per gram of wet wt. The relative specific activity of respiratory CO(2) (R.S.A CO(2)) averaged 2.68+/-0.38 per cent . Thus , a man of 2.68 per cent of total CO(2) production rate was originated from the glucose in the medium, therefore the rate of CO(2) production derived from medium glucose was a mean of 0.23+/-0.03 micro-mole per hour per gram of wet wt. Thus, the average value of 2.58+/-0.55 percent (R.G.D CO(2))of glucose utilized by the worms from the medium glucose was oxidized to respiratory CO2. The tissue concentration of glycogen in A. galli was a mean of 22.59+/-1.18 miligram per gram of wet wt or 2.26+/-0.123 percent per gram, and the turnover rate of glycogen pool yielded with a mean of 0.17+/-0.04 percent per hour or 0.037+/-0.006 miligram per hour per gram of wet wt. Therefore, a mean value of 16.37+/-4.04 per cent (R.G.D gly) of glucose was incorporated to the glycogen. These data account for that at least 18.95 per cent of the utilized glucose by the worms participated in furnishing the oxidation into respiratory CO(2) and the synthetic process into glycogen. According to the above data of the experiment, it is suggested in the metabolic process of glucose by Ascaridia galli that the synthetic process into the glycogen is more active than the oxidative process into the respiratory CO(2).
parasitology ; helmith ; nematoda ; Ascaridia galli ; metabolism ; biochemistry ; glucose ; CO(2) ; radioactivity ; glycogen ; Krebs Rigner phosphate buffer

A study was carried out to figure the cases and to observe the endemic status of clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis in endemic areas in Korea. Total 13,373 inhabitants living in 40 villages along 7 main rivers and 9 small streams were subjected to stool examination. They were selected randomly among the riverside population. Their specimens were examined both by cellphane thick smear method and Stoll's egg countung technique. This study was performed during the period from May 1979 to April 1980. The results obtained are as follows: The egg positive rate of any kind of helminths was 58.7% out of 13,373 examned cases, and the egg positive rates by each helminth were; Clonorchis sinensis 21.5%, Metagonimus yokogaqai 4.8%, large type Metagonimus eggs 0.4%, Ascaris lumbricoides 22.9%, Trichuris trichiura 35.2%, hookworm 0.2%, Taenia sp. 0.5%, Hymenolepis nana 0.07%, Paragonimus westermani 2 cases, Fasciola sp. 4 cases, Echinostoma sp. 1 case and Hymenolepis diminuta 1 case respectively. Many endemic foci of clonorchiasis were revealed along the 7 major rivers. The egg positive rates of each river basin differed from each other significantly; Nagdonggang 40.2%, Yeongsangang 30.8%, Seomjingang 17.3%, Hangang 15.7%, Tamjingang 15.9%, Geumgang 12.0% and Mangyeonggang 8.0%. The cases of clonorchiasis were estimated in range 830,000 to 890,000 in riverside areas of the 7 rivers. By grading the infection intensity, 64.7% was in Grade I(EPG 0-900), 28.6% in Grade II (EPG 1000-9,900), 5.5% in Grade III (EPG 10,000-29,900) and 1.3% in Grade IV (EPG over 30,000). The proportion of the cases in Grade III and IV was 6.8% among positive cases. Therefore 60,000 cases at least were regarded to suffer from it clinically. Males of 30-60 years of age showed higher positive rate and heavier burden of infection. This makes clonorchiasis more important socially because the patients lose their social productivity. A few endemic foci of metagonimiasis were detected newly by egg detection; Samcheong 28.5% egg positive rate, Uljin 21.3%, Yeuongdeog 46.3%, Milyang 6.7%, Yeongil 9.2% and Geoje 18.2%. The mean EPG values were in range of 320-7, 120 by the focus. The egg positive rate and proportion of EPG Grade varied greatly by the area, and mean proportion of the positive cases were 69.7% in Grade I, 24.1% in Grade II, 5.0% in Grade III and 1.2% in Grade IV. Males of 30-60 years were infected in higher rate also. The large sized eggs of Metagonimus were found also in upper basin of Hangang and Geumgang mainly. They were regarded as eggs of M. takahashii which is mediated by the cyprinid fishes. Its significance should be studied further. Clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis should be realized as important public health problems in Korea by their wide distribution, high prevalence rate and heavy infection intensity. Comprehensive measures against them are needed urgently.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; clonorchiasis ; metagonimiasis ; Clonorchisis sinensis ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; epidemiology

The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between personal exposure of toluene at workplace and the concentration of hippuric acid in urine of male solvent workers. The study groups are 60 toluene exposed workers who worked at video tape factory and printing factory. The results are as follows: 1. The coefficient of correlation between toluene concentration of personal exposure and concentration of urinary hippuric acid was 0.649 (regression equation Y=0.015X+0.936, Y=urinary hippuric acid concentration, X=Toluene concentration of personal exposure). 2. Urinary hippuric acid concentration of workers with TLV 100 ppm of toluene was calculated 2.44 g/L by the regression equation (Y=0.015X+0.936).
Humans ; Male* ; Toluene*

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by insensitivity of the renal tubule to vasopressin. We report a case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus associated with severe hydronephrosis in a 18 year old male, which was improved in urine volume, urine osmolarity and urine specific gravity with chlorothiazide therapy.
Adolescent ; Chlorothiazide ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Specific Gravity ; Vasopressins

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by insensitivity of the renal tubule to vasopressin. We report a case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus associated with severe hydronephrosis in a 18 year old male, which was improved in urine volume, urine osmolarity and urine specific gravity with chlorothiazide therapy.
Adolescent ; Chlorothiazide ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Specific Gravity ; Vasopressins

Congenital urethral polyps are uncommon cause of urethral obstruction in male subjects. And polyps of the anterior urethra are considerably less common than those of the posterior urethra. Here in we report a case of anterior urethral polyps in a child with brief review of the literature.
Child* ; Humans ; Male ; Polyps* ; Urethra ; Urethral Obstruction