No abstract available.
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses* ; Respiratory System* ; Respiratory Tract Infections*

No abstract available.
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy*

No abstract available.
Air Pollution* ; Asthma*

No Abstracts Available.
Asthma*

The incidence of allergic disease in pediatric outpatient department of a hospital, where primary care is undertaking, was studied from Apr. 1, 1989 to Mar. 32, 1990. The results were as follows, 1) The incidence of respiratory tract disease was the highest with the value of 57.2% of the total patients, followed by gastrointestinal tract disease(13.9%), infectious disease (6.7%), visit for preventive medicine (6.7%), allergic disease (3.0%), neurologic disease (2.9%), cardiovascular disease (2.8%) etc. 2) The allergic patients were 3.0% of total patient and sex ratio was M:F=1.4:1. 3) The allergic patients were most prevalent in1~3 years of age group (46.6%)followed by under 1 year old group (22.4%), and 4~6 years of group (21.3%). 4) The allergic disease was most prevalent in fall (42.8%), followed by spring (20.4%), and winter(19.0%). 5) Among the allergic disease, asthma was most frequent (67.4%), followed by allergic rhinitis(11.8%), atopic dermatitis (10.6%), urticaria (9.3%). 6) Bronchial asthma was most prevalent among 1~3 years of age group (51.9%) and in fall (50.0%) 7) Allergic rhinitis was most frequent among 1~3 years of age group (40.9%) and in fall (34.8%). 8) Atopic dermatitis was most frequent among under 1 year of age group(64.4%)and in spring and winter(28.8%). 9) Urticaria was most frequent among 1~3 years of age group (36.5%) and in summer (32.7%). 10) The percentage of each allergic disease to the total outpatient was as follows; asthma (2.0%), allergic rhinitis(0.40%), atopic dermatitis(0.3%), urticaria (0.3%). 11) Sex ratio of each allergic disease was as follows; asthma (1.5:1), allergic rhinitis(1.6:1), atopic dermatitis (1.1:1), urticaria (1.4:1). With these findings, we ovserved that allergic disease is the fifth most common disease group among the pediatric out patients, covering 3.0% of total patients. Recently, we have had the idea that the prevalence of allergic disease is increasing remarkably. The findings of this study can be used as one of basic data for the study of prvalence and increase of allergic disease with further similar trials afterward.
Asthma ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Communicable Diseases ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Mortuary Practice ; Outpatients* ; Prevalence ; Preventive Medicine ; Primary Health Care ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Rhinitis ; Sex Ratio ; Urticaria

No abstract available.
Arteries*

Allergy skin prick test and intradermal test represent one of the major tools in the diagnosis of IgE- mediated diseases like as atopic asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food and drug allergy, and insect bite when properly performed. Skin tests are of particular importance in fields such as allergen standardization, pharmacology, and epidemiology. Even if skin tests seem easy to perform, adequate and proper interpretation requires well-trained physicians who can recognize the numerous factors that may modify the results of skin tests.
Asthma ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Diagnosis ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; Epidemiology ; Hypersensitivity ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Intradermal Tests ; Pharmacology ; Rhinitis ; Skin Tests* ; Skin*

PURPOSE: Values for hemoglobin, erythrocyte indices and red cell distribution width used in the diagnosis of anemia and iron deficiency are known to vary to some degree according to age. We tried to define age-related changes in red blood cells (RBC) profiles. METHODS: With the eletronic counters routinely used in clinical laboratories we evaluated the RBC profiles of 1,717 samples of blood from children who were considered healthy. Mean, median and percentile curves of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell indices and red cell distribution width were calculated in children aged 5 months to 15 yr of age. RESULTS: The median values for hemoglobin and hematocrit were increased substantially during childhood. The values of hemoglobin were increased from 11.6 g/dl at 6-11 months, to 12.0 g/dl at 2 yr of age, 12.7 g/dl at 6-8 yr, reaching a maximum level of 13.7 g/dl at 12-15 yr for males and 13.3 g/dl for females, with an average of 13.5 g/dl for both sexes. The values of hematocrit were also increased from 34.4 % at 6-11 months, 35.5 % at 2 yr of age, 37.4 % at 6-8 yr and achieved 39.3 % for males and 38.6 % for females in adolescence. The MCV at 6-11 months was 76.3 fl; at 2 yr 77.1; and 83.4 fl for males and 84.8 fl for females in adolescence. The increase in MCH parallels the MCV fairly closely from 25.9 pg at 6-11 months of age to 29.0 pg at adolescence. The MCHC remains conatant throughout infancy and childhood. Cut-off values (3 percentile) of hemoglobin were 10.7 g/dl at 6-11 months, 11 g/dl at 1-2 yr and 11.5 after 6 yr. Cut-off values (3 percentile) of MCV were 70 fl at 1-2 yr and 75 fl after 6 yr. Correlation between hemoglobin, MCV, MCH and RDW was relatively significant, but it was much less dependent variables in this reference population than in the children with iron deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that there is a developmental change in red blood cell size extending beyond the well-recognized changes seen in the first 6 months of life. Age-related changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV and MCH must be taken into consideration in order to optimize the identification of individuals with anemia and iron deficiency.
Adolescent ; Anemia ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Erythrocytes* ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Reference Values*

The Monotest was compared with the Mantoux test. A total of 527 first grade primary school children were subjected to test. Each child was innoculated simultaneously to one side arm with protein purified derivatve(PPD, 1TU) and to the another side arm with Monovac(Institute Merieux). Results from each test were read seperately 72 hours after administration. When induration of 2mm or greater was considered a positive Monotest reaction and compared to a positive Mantoux reaction of 10mm or greater, the sensitivity of Monotest to mantoux test was 96.19% and the specificity was 88.39%. When induration of 5mm or greater was considered a positive Monotest reaction and compared to a positive Mantoux reaction of 10mm or greater, the sensitivity of Monotesto to to Mantoux test was 81.90% and the specificity was 96.68%. From this results I would assume that the Monovac test can be substituted for Mantoux test(PPd, 1TU), preferably 2mm or greater swelling of Monovacc test is considered as a positive result.
Arm ; Child ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculin*

The hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome is a primary immunodificiency disorder characterized by recurrent staphylococcal infections and markedly elevated serum IgE level. Clinical features are coarse face and severe infections of the skin-furunculosis or chronically pruritic dermatitis and sinopulmonary tract infection from infancy by coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus, or Candida albicans etc. The patients's serum IgE level is elevated but the basic immunologic pathogenesis not fully understood. We have experienced a case of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome in a 26/12-year-old who had suffered from recurrent staphylococcal pneumonias and abscesses and chronically pruritic dermatitis from 1 month of age with elevated serum IgE level. A brief review of the related literature is presented.
Abscess ; Candida albicans ; Coagulase ; Dermatitis ; Immunoglobulin E ; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Staphylococcus aureus