No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies*

No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Temporomandibular Joint*

No abstract available.
Temporomandibular Joint*

No abstract available.
Abdomen, Acute* ; Aged* ; Geriatrics* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Snake Bites* ; Snakes*

Since the turn of the century surgeons were proposed many procedures for exposure of the hypophysis cerebri of the operations proposed, two pricipal routes have been selected to reach the sella, first the intracranial, and second, the extracranial transsphenoidal. A variety of transnasal approaches have been used to gain access to the sella turcica. Each of these approaches requires crossing the sphenoid sinus, hence the transsphenoidal designation of these methods. Since the growth and refinement of microsurgery as a distinct surgical discipline there has been a coincidental maturation of transsphenoidal microsurgical techniques for the management of the hormone secreting microadenoma. The present paper reviews the historical events leading to the current methods of transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Detailed descriptions of each method are given, with advantages and disadvantages of each. The author's experience in the management of 2 acromegalic patients with the transethmoidal approach are presented. The purpose of this paper is to focus recount the historical events leading to author's present method of pituitary surgery and to present the advantages and disadvantages as well as a procedural description for the transethmoidal approach to the sella turcicaz.
Acromegaly ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; Pituitary Gland ; Sella Turcica ; Sphenoid Sinus

There were many cases to apply artificial intelligence to medicine. Neural networks are nonparametric pattern recognition techniques that can be used to model complex relationships. In this paper, we present the analysis of the risk factors of the noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus using the artificial neural network and the logistic regression model. First, we developed five prediction models using artificial neural networks and a logistic regression model with the data of Yonchon study of diabetes mellitus. Next, we measured each area under the ROC(Receiver-Operating Characteristic) plots for the performance, and results re followings; multilayer perceptron with seventeen variables(MLP17) was 0.7608, multilayer perceptron with seven variables(MLP7) was 0.7664, radial basis function network with seventeen variables(RBF17) was 0.7919, radial basis function network with seven variables(RBF7) was 0.7715 and logistic regression model(REG7) was 0.8343. All of the variables used are seventeen, and seven variables for neural networks(MLP7 and RBF7) were selected by logistic regression model. The order of higher risk variables in the neural networks(slope) did not completely agree with that in the logistic regression model(odds ratio). However, all of the four higher risk variables that were significant in the statistic model(0.05) also had large slopes(0.3) in the neural network model. And our neural network model also display the influence of another variables in development of the noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Artificial Intelligence ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Logistic Models ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Risk Factors*

PURPOSE: The safety and the feasibility of performing laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) have not yet been established. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery performed after preoperative CRT. METHODS: We enrolled 124 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer. Of these patients, 56 received preoperative CRT (CRT group), whereas 68 did not (non-CRT group). The patients who were found to have distant metastasis and open conversion during surgery were excluded. The clinicopathologic parameters were evaluated and the short-term outcomes were compared between the CRT and non-CRT groups. RESULTS: The mean operation time was longer in the CRT group (294 minutes; range, 140 to 485 minutes; P = 0.004). In the non-CRT group, the tumor sizes were larger (mean, 4.0 cm; range, 1.2 to 8.0 cm; P < 0.001) and more lymph nodes were harvested (mean, 12.9; range, 0 to 35; P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in time to first bowel movement, tolerance of a soft diet, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complication rate. CONCLUSION: Performing laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer after preoperative CRT may be safe and feasible if performed by a highly skilled laparoscopic surgeon. Randomized controlled trials and long-term follow-up studies are necessary to support our results.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Diet ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms