BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The survival rate of laryngeal cancer has improved in recent day. But in case of advanced cancer, radical destructive surgery is required for survival. So early detection of laryngeal cancer prevent from this disastrous condition. In this point of view, mass screening test for early detection of laryngeal cancer is necessary. Screening tests using voice has many advantages of being simple, non invasive, and requiring less space. In this system, the most important factor is the selection of acoustic parameters to be used in voice analysis. Thus authors studied the acoustic parameters that can differentiate normal, benign, malignant laryngeal diseases by an acoustic analyzing system and we also checked the availability of parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the voice analyzed data from 25 laryngeal malignancy patients, 33 benign laryngeal disease patients, 35 normal control who visited PNUH otolaryngology department from October 1996 to May 1998. A computerized speech lab. 4300B (CSL) was used to carry out the analysis of each voice sample and statistical analysis, ANOVA. Canonical analysis and cumulative frequency curve were used. RESULTS: The statistically significant parameters that can differentiate normal and malignant laryngeal disease groups were 15 parameters and can differentiate normal and benign laryngeal disease group were 9 parameters and that can differentiate benign and malignant laryngeal disease group were 7 parameters. CONCLUSION: We consider that these parameters and detection programs may be effective in development of a screening system using voice only. Developing diagnostic tools and programs would need further study of phonetics and voice engineering.
Acoustics* ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Mass Screening ; Otolaryngology ; Phonetics ; Survival Rate ; Voice*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Early tumor detection is crucial for the prevention of colon cancer. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging using a target-activatable probe may permit earlier disease detection. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in tumorigenesis and tumor growth. The aim of this study was to determine whether NIRF imaging using an MMP-activatable probe can detect colon tumors at early stages. METHODS: We utilized two murine colon cancer models: a sporadic colon cancer model induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and a colitis-associated cancer model induced by a combination of AOM and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Colonic lesions were analyzed by histologic examination, Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and NIRF imaging using an MMP-activatable probe. RESULTS: Multiple variable-sized tumors developed in both models and progressed from adenomas to adenocarcinomas over time. At the early stage of the AOM/DSS model, diffuse inflammation was observed within the tumors. MMP expression increased progressively through normal, inflammation, adenoma, and adenocarcionoma stages. NIRF signal intensities were strongly correlated with each tumor stage from adenoma to adenocarcinoma. NIRF imaging also distinguished tumors from inflamed mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: NIRF imaging using a protease-activatable probe may be a useful tool for early tumor detection. This approach could translate to improve the endoscopic detection of colon tumors, especially in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma ; Azoxymethane ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Dextrans ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Optical Imaging ; Sodium ; Sulfates