No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Eyelids* ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Nose*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Spine*

Larsen's syndrome is a very rare deformity, which is characterized by multiple congenital dislocations with a characteristic facial abnormality. The authors experienced a case of typical Larsen's syndrome that had saddle nose, hypertelorism, high-arched palate, dislocation of the hip joint, subluxation of the knee joint, dislocation of both radial heads, equinovarus deformities of both feet and winged scapulae of both shoulders. The dislocated left hip joint was reduced surgically and the result was excellent.
Clubfoot ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations ; Foot ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Hypertelorism ; Knee Joint ; Nose ; Palate ; Scapula ; Shoulder

Congenital muscular torticollis is a distinct entity, in which the primary pathologic picture is limited to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Associated deformities of the face, head and cervical spine are secondary in character, resulting from an abnormal position of the head both prior and subsequent to birth. The etiology of congenital muscular torticollis is not clear yet. There are various opinions about adequate age and methods for treatment. From January 1970 to December 1984, 53 cases of congenital muscular torticollis were treated surgically at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital. From January 1980 to December 1984, 10S cases of congenita muscular torticollis were treated conservatively at the same hospital. Totally, 161 cases were studied and analyzed retrospectively and the results are summerized as follows: 1. Among the 161 cases, thers were 88 males and 73 females. The lesion was on the left side in 89 cases. 2. There were 85 cases of normal spontaneous vaginal delivery and 58 cases of complicated labor including 34 cases of breech delivery. 3. There were 6 cases associated with other congenital anomalies; one of them was combined with congenital subluxation of the hip joint. 4. Results of conservative physiotherapy were good under 1 year of age and results of surgical correction were good under 6 years of age. 5. The failure of conservative physiotherapy did not influence the results of surgical correction performed later. 6. The results of reoperation, when the initial surgical correction failed, were not as good. 7. Facial asymmetry correction results were especially good under 6 years of age when much growth potential remained. 8. There were no differences in results according to the various kinds of cervical braces although the results were good when the cervical brace was worn over 3 months. 9. On pathologic examination, there was no hemorrhagic reaction. The muscle was atrophied and was replaced by fibrous bands. Therefore, congemtal muscular torticollis is thought to be caused by abnormal intrauterine position rather than by birth trauma, and it is expected to get a good result by treating congenital muscular torticollis as early as possible.
Braces ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Facial Asymmetry ; Female ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Parturition ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Torticollis

We analyzed 27 cases of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease that were treated by operative methods at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine from 1975 to 1981. The modalities of treatment were innominate osteotomy in 17 patients; subtrochanteric osteotomy of femur in 4 patients; and adductor-iliopsoas tenotomies in 6 patients. Most of the cases were in Catterall group III or IV diseases with two or more of “head at risk”signs in the preoperative roentgenogram. All but one case were aged more than 7 years at the time of surgery. In all cases clinical and radiological evaluations were performed until the affected femoral head had been fully regenerated. The average period of follow-up was 2 years and 11 months. Final result by Catterall's criteria was good in 15 cases (56%), fair in 7 cases (26%) and poor in only 5 cases (18%). Among 17 cases treated by innominate osteotomy, 13 cases (76%) were in good result and there was no poor result; 15 cases (86%) showed normal containment at the last follow-up x-ray. To compare these end results with those of noncontainment treatment reported by many authors, we were encouraged to proceed our current policy of early definitive containment surgery especially in patients with poor prognostic factors. In cases of estabilshed femoral head deformities that can be confirmed by preoperative arthrography, adductor-iliopsoas tenotomies were useful to restore normal range of motion of hip joint and to prevent further subluxation of the femoral head. The significant prognostic factors at the time of surgery were the patients age; stage of disease; involvement of femoral head; and finally early established irregularities of the femoral head. In every cases of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease these factors should be carefully assessed to make proper decision for the choice of the most effective modality of treatment.
Arthrography ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Containment of Biohazards ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Orthopedics ; Osteotomy ; Reference Values ; Tenotomy

No abstract available.
Spine*

The clinical value of CT in the diagnosis of pelvic bone fractures is being explored. Conventional radiographic projections, including internal and external oblique views, although very helpful, often cannot provide sufficent jnformation to give a true sense of the fractures. CT conversely displays the anatomy in an axial plane, thereby providing the missing pieces of information and fascilitating classification of these fractures. From January 1983 to June 1986, 34 patients with pelvic bone fractures, admitted to Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, were given both CT and conventional radiographs. Comparing the conventional radiographic findings with those of CT, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. For patients with multiple trauma who necessitate position changes during conventional radiography, no further change in position was required during CT. 2. CT clearly showed intraarticular loose bodies, anterior wall fractures of the acetabulum, and separations of the saicroiliac joint which were hardly detected on conventional radiographs. 3. CT permitted a better evaluation of the shape, extent, and degree of separation of fracture fragment, so it was very helpful in formulating the treatment plan. 4. Follow-up CT was helpful in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment.
Acetabulum ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Multiple Trauma ; Orthopedics ; Pelvic Bones ; Radiography