No abstract available.
Eyelids* ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Non ulcer dyspepsia(NUD) is a commonly encountered disease at the primary practice. The relations of functional gastrointestinal disorder and Irritable bowel syndrome with depression or stress were suggested by previous studies. But the contributions of the anxiety, depression and stress as a whole to the NUD were not assessed. In this study, we wanted to show the associations of the anxiety, depression and stress levels with NUD. METHODS: This study was performed by case and control method from Aug. 1 to Sep. 7 at the outpatient department of Family Medicine and at the Health Management and Service department in Pusan Paik Hospital. The both groups were matched by sex and age. The case was defined who has three or more symptoms among nine upper gastrointestinal symtoms like dyspepsia, epigastric pain and anorexia etc. frequently or alwalys and who has no ulcer at the gastrofibroscope. The anxiety, depression, stress levels were measured by questionnaire which was validated by previous studies. The questionnaire was composed of Trait-STAI, Jung's Self Depression Scale(SDS), Modified BEPSI, and Grobal Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS) Scale. RESULTS: The total subjects were 136 persons(NUD group : 86 persons/control group : 86 persons). There were. significant differances in regularity of diet(P<0.001), levels of education(P=0.009), and history of medications(P<0.001) between two groups. The two group had higher scores than the control group in the depression score, anxiety score and modified BEPSI score(P<0.001). All items in GARS showed higher scores in NUD group than in control group(P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NUD group had higher degree of anxiety and depression than the control group. It seems that the NUD may have streeful status. When we encounter the NUD in outpatiet department, we had better consider the underlying psychogenic or stressful conditions.
Anorexia ; Anxiety* ; Busan ; Depression* ; Dyspepsia* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Outpatients ; Ulcer* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the microshear bond strength (microSBS) and bonding interfaces of two-step total-etching and self-etching adhesive systems to three etch types of dentin either the acid etched, laser etched or laser and acid etched. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The occlusal dentinal surfaces of thirty human molars were used. They were divided into six groups: group 1, 37% H3PO4 + Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE); group 2, Er:YAG laser (KEY Laser 3, KaVo) + Single Bond 2; group 3, Er:YAG laser + 37% H3PO4 + Single Bond 2; group 4, Clearfil SE Primer + Bond (Kuraray); group 5, Er:YAG laser + Clearfil SE Bond; group 6, Er:YAG laser + Clearfil SE Primer + Bond. The samples were subjected to microSBS testing 24 hr after bonding. Also scanning microscopic evaluations were made on the resin-dentin interfaces of six specimens. RESULTS: The microSBS of group 2 was significantly lower than that of groups 1 and 3 in Single Bond 2 (p < 0.05). There were significant differences among the uSBS of groups 4, 5, and 6 in Clearfil SE Bond (p < 0.05). Very short and slender resin tags were observed in groups 2 and 5. Long and slender resin tags and lateral branches of tags were observed in groups 3 and 6. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of dentin surface using phosphoric acid or self-etching primer improved the adhesion of Er:YAG lased dentin.
Adhesives ; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; Dentin ; Humans ; Molar ; Phosphoric Acids ; Resin Cements

PURPOSE: Although adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of gastric cancer is a popular practice in Korea, there are still controversies about the effectiveness of the treatment. The fact that the relatively less effective drugs have been used and the rarity of large-scaled controlled studies may be partially responsible for the controversies. FP(5-FU, Cisplatin) combination is one of the most active regimen against advanced gastric cancer, consistently showing a response rate of 50~60%. We tried the FP chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment for high-risk patients after curative resection of gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between February 1992 and June 1996, 35 patients with completely resected high-risk gastric cancer(postoperative stage III or IV except thase with M1) received six courses of FP chemotherapy. Endpoints were toxicities of treatment, relapse free survival, and overall survival. RESULTS: With a median follow-up time of 17.1 months, Kaplan-Meier estimates of 2-year overall survival was 63.3% and relapse free survival estimates was 49%. There were no differences between stage III and IV patients in terms of overall survival or relapse free survival. Hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were tolerable for most of the patients. CONCLUSION: Postoperative FP combination chemotherapy was tolerable for patients with high-risk(stage III and IV) gastric cancer. It is too early to determine the long term survival rates for this patients, but 2-year overall and relapse free survival were comparable to that of historical non-cisplatin containing regimens. Randomized phase III studies are warranted.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fluorouracil* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Recurrence ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

Autoimmune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia occur in 10-26% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). These hematological manifestations may be the sole presenting sign and can precede the appearance of diagnosable SLE in 5 to 23% of cases. The conventional treatment for SLE associated with these disorders includes corticosteroid therapy and splenectomy, but autoimmune thrombocytopenia or autoimmune hemolytic anemia may be refractory to both treatments. We experienced a case of a SLE patient complicated by severe autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroids failed. She responded to danazol and remission of thrombocytopenia(platelet >100,000/mm3) was observed 7 days after starting danazol. Danazol therapy seems to be a useful and well tolerated treatment for refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia associated with SLE.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Danazol* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic* ; Splenectomy

Propofol, a new intravenous anesthetic agent,is now used for brief operation and day case surgery for its characteristics on recovery and controllability. We evaluated fourteen and fifteen patients undergoing laryngeal microsurgery with N2O-O2-propofol and N2O-O2 enflurane anesthesia respectively. In propofol group, induction dose of 1.5-2.0 mg/kg according to age was followed by continuous infusion of 10mg/kg/h with infusion pump. In enflurane group thiopenthal 3-5mg /kg and N2O-O2-enflurane were administrated for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. We checked systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. There were no significant differnce between propofol and enflurane group in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. But hesrt rate of propofol group was significantly lower than enflurane group. Propofol group showed significantly higher incidence of pain during injection. We checked recovery time from anesthesia. Propofol group showed significantly shorter recovery time than enflurane group. Postoperative emesis and vomiting were occurred 1 patient in each group. According to arterial blood gas analysis, ventilatory function in time of eye opening recovered to normal ranges in propofol group, but not in enflurane group. We conclude that propofol is a safe and effective anesthetic agent for laryngeal microsurgery.
Anesthesia* ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Enflurane ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infusion Pumps ; Microsurgery* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Propofol* ; Reference Values ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a high risk factor for various chronic diseases. Therefore, physicians are expected to play a critical role in patients smoking cessation. There have been a number of studies which show that cessation recommendation by physicians is effective for patients to stop smoking. The purpose of this study is to assess physicians smoking status and its effect on physicians attitude for their advice to patients to quit smoking. METHODS: During August and September in 1995, self-report questionnaire was distributed to doctors in Jin-Gu, Pusan. It consisted of inquiries on their demographic features, their smoking status, whether physicians ask patients their smoking status or not, whether physicians advise patients to quit smoking or not, and whether physicians confirm patients smoking cessation. Among 203 responses returned, 193 cases was analyzed. RESULTS: Among the total 193 persons, 60 persons are smoking now(31.4%, Men 34.5%, women 0%), and 88 persons(67.2%) are ex-smoker. 84.1% of smokers have tried to quit smoking, and stress was the most common reason for failure. Smoking rate and experience rate were higher in men than in women(P<0.001), but there were no significant differences in smoking rate and experience rate according to ages, religions, specialties, hospital types, and positions. Among responders 144 cases(75.0%) asked smoking status of patients. 21.4% of them asked smoking status of all patients who may smoke, and 25.0% of them hardly ask smoking status of patients. For question about patients' smoking status, the younger physicians were more active in asking smoking status of patients(p=0.038), and the physicians in hospital did much more than physicians in university hospital and private clinics(p=0.015). Among responders, 161 persons(84.7%) advised patients to quit smoking, and 19.5% of them advised to quit smoking for all patients who smoked. However, 15.3% of them hardly gave patients such suggestion. It was found that there was no significant relationship between physicians smoking status and attitudes toward giving patients suggestion to quit smoking. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that there was no significant relationship between physicians smoking status and their attitudes toward giving patients suggestion to quit smoking, and physicians smoking status did not have any effect on smoking cessation advice. However, this study does not exclude the possibility that the results might be reversed, if the census would be extended to broader area. Physicians should take an active role against smoking.
Busan ; Censuses ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common human pathogen that causes morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Early diagnosis of HCMV infection or reactivation, and setting threshold values for effective pre-emptive therapies, are required for appropriate HCMV disease prevention in HSCT recipients. We compared the HCMV infections detected by the two methods, LightCycler-based PCR (LC PCR) and in-house immediate early protein PCR (in-house IE PCR) with the results of a pp65 antigenemia assay as the reference. The sensitivity and specificity for the in-house IE PCR were 79.3% and 72.7%, respectively, and 82.9% and 40.7%, respectively, for the LC PCR. The correlation between the HCMV viral load and pp65 antigenemia in HSCT recipients was r=0.603 with in-house IE PCR and r=0.525 with LC PCR. The discordant results between methods and relatively low (r) values suggest that we need more study to set threshold values according to the using methods with clinical outcome.
Cytomegalovirus ; Early Diagnosis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Load

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common human pathogen that causes morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Early diagnosis of HCMV infection or reactivation, and setting threshold values for effective pre-emptive therapies, are required for appropriate HCMV disease prevention in HSCT recipients. We compared the HCMV infections detected by the two methods, LightCycler-based PCR (LC PCR) and in-house immediate early protein PCR (in-house IE PCR) with the results of a pp65 antigenemia assay as the reference. The sensitivity and specificity for the in-house IE PCR were 79.3% and 72.7%, respectively, and 82.9% and 40.7%, respectively, for the LC PCR. The correlation between the HCMV viral load and pp65 antigenemia in HSCT recipients was r=0.603 with in-house IE PCR and r=0.525 with LC PCR. The discordant results between methods and relatively low (r) values suggest that we need more study to set threshold values according to the using methods with clinical outcome.
Cytomegalovirus ; Early Diagnosis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Load

PURPOSE: The first web space of the foot has a similar thickness and skin texture of the pulp of the fingers. Moreover, it has a reliable blood vessel and sensory nerve. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of the first web space free flap to reconstruct the pulp of fingers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Authors have performed 23 cases of first web space free flap to reconstruct the pulp defect of the fingers between June 2004 and May 2009. The age of the patients ranged from 20 years old to 55 years old. The size of the flap ranged from 1x1.5 cm to 8.5x2.5 cm. The mean flap area was 5.4 cm2. In 4 cases, we elevated the flap including lateral aspect of the big toe and medial aspect of the second toe. And then we made an artificial syndactyly to reconstruct the pulps on two fingers at the same time. In all cases, we performed 1 digital artery and 1 dorsal vein anastomosis. Every donor site that had a small defect healed spontaneously without any additional operations to cover it. RESULTS: Of this type of surgery 21 flaps (91.3%) survived, 2 flaps (8.7%) failed. There was no severe complication in the donor sites. There was no walking disturbance due to the skin defect of the donor site. The static 2 point discrimination in 11 cases that we could check ranged from 3 mm to 15 mm. CONCLUSION: The authors believe that the first web space free flap of the foot is a good option for the reconstruction of the pulp of the fingers and it has a minimal donor site morbidity.
Arteries ; Blood Vessels ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Fingers ; Foot ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Skin ; Syndactyly ; Tissue Donors ; Toes ; Veins ; Walking