No abstract available.
Lower Extremity* ; Melanoma*

Immunohistochemical study was performed for CEA staining patterns and PCNA indices. And the relationship between immunohistochemical findings and well-known clinical prognostic factors on the purpose of the clinical usefulness was evaluated. In forty seven cases of surgically removed colorectal carcinomas, the results were as follows; CEA staining patterns were apical (17 cases) and cytoplasmic (30 cases) type. Carcinomas with cyto plasmic pattern for CEA revealed more advanced Dukes' stage and more undifferentiated type and higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and were correlated with increased serum CEA levels. But PCNA indices showed no correlation with the Dukes' stage, histologic grade and CEA staining patterns. The cytoplasmic pattern of CEA immunohistochemistry may be a useful marker suggesting more aggressive biologic behavior of the colorectal carcinomas.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Cytoplasm ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

The aim of present study was to determine the efficacy of immunotherapy with paternal lymphocytes for unexplained infertility. It has been apparent that reproductive success may be affected by the presence of abnormal autoantibodies. Unexplained infertility and repeated pregnancy wastage has been reported in the presence of abnormal autoantibodies. These data suffest that abnormal immune function may be an important pathologic entity contributing subfertility in patients with unexplained infertility. Therefore, immunotherapy may be a possible treatment modality for patients with unexplained infertility. Some investigators have reported that a proportion of infertile couples with repeatedly unsuccessful ET showed close histocompatibility similar to those of spontaneous recurrent abortion. Recently, it has been noted that immunotherapy with paternal lymphocytes achieves a high efficacy in preventing subsequent abortion in women with primary recurrent abortion of unknown cause, which was mediated by immune reaction including blocking antibody. To substantiate the hypothesis, we applied immunotherapy preceding Peritoneal Oocyte and Sperme transfer (POST) to 43 patients, 47 cycles of 82 patients, 89 cycles with at least three previous IUI failure from April, 1993 to February, 1995. There were no significant differences between treatment and control group in clinical response and hormonal response to controlled hyperstimulation. there was no significant difference between treatment and control group in pregnant rates per cycles (42.6% versus 28.6%), but a significantly lower abortion rate per pregnancy in treatment group, with 10.0% (2/20) compared with 50.03% (6/12) in control group. This study may suggest that immune therapy for patients with unexplained infertility with paternal lymphocytes might be beneficial.
Abortion, Habitual ; Abortion, Induced ; Autoantibodies ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Histocompatibility ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Infertility* ; Lymphocytes* ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Research Personnel ; Spermatozoa

The stress or fatigue fracture is well known in military medicine, but it is an unusual occurrence in civilian practice. The stress fracture of metatarsal bone is familiar to most, but in the tibia it is unusual. The clinical symptoms of pain, swelling and limping following strenuous activity were seen in the affected lower leg and proceeded radiological evidence of fracture. 17 cases of stress fracture of tibia were investigated in a military hospital between March 1973 and May, 1974. The results of this study are as follows, 1. The fractures mainly occurred in the upper one third of the tibia (13 cases among 17). 2. The cases with only callus formation were more frequent than the cases with fracture line on the tibia (11 cases among 17). 3. If pain occurs in the lower leg after strenuous activity, there should be attention with serial radiological checking.
Bony Callus ; Clinical Study ; Fractures, Stress ; Hospitals, Military ; Leg ; Metatarsal Bones ; Military Medicine ; Tibia

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate whether 1) estrogen induces the change of vascular tone in endothelium-denuded human uterine artery, and 2) endothelium-independent vascular reactivity may be mediated by intracellular calcium ion modulation. METHODS: The uterine arteries from 34 premenopausal women were obtained at the time of hysterectomy due to various indications and endothelium was denuded. Vascular reactivity was monitored by using Isometric force transducer and recorded by physiograph. Endothelial integrity was assessed by sequential administration of 1micrometer norepinephrine(alpha-adrenergic stimulant) and 10 micrometer acetylcholine (endothelium -dependent vasorelaxant). Integrity of smooth muscle was measured by administration of 10 micrometer sodium nitroprusside (endothelium - independent vasorelaxant) and 10 micrometer tamsulosin(alpha-adrenergic blocker). A dose-dependent action of estrogen was measured on denuded uterine arteries, pretreated with norepinephrine and potassium chloride. In media contained denuded uterine arteries pretreated with 70mM potassium chloride and estradiol(3X10-5M), nitric oxide and its inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME) was administered, respectively, in order to verify the vasodilation effect. Statistical tests were performed at the 5% level of significance using the SPSS PC+ package. RESULTS: Acethylcholine has little effect but sodium nitroprusside & talmsulosin showed marked relaxation, which suggested loss of endothelial function and adequacy of smooth muscle function. The contraction by norephinephrine(1 M) revealed estrogen induced relaxation which was concentration-dependent from 3 10-8M to 3 10-5M in concentration of 17 -estradiol. The contraction by high potassium solution 70mM was also inhibited by estrogen in concentration-dependent manner. This vasorelaxant effect of estrogen on endothelium-denuded uterine artery was not affected by addition of nitric oxide(NO) precursor, L-arginine and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) inhibitor, L-NAME. CONCLUSION: The results of this study revealed that estrogen has vasorelaxant effect on endothelium endothelium-denuded uterine artery by calcium antagonistic property through direct inhibitory effect on receptor- and voltage dependent calcium ion channels of smooth muscles. This vasorelaxant effect of estrogen on endothelium-denuded uterine artery was NO independent.
Acetylcholine ; Arginine ; Calcium ; Calcium Channels ; Endothelium* ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Humans* ; Hysterectomy ; Muscle, Smooth ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitroprusside ; Norepinephrine ; Potassium ; Potassium Chloride ; Relaxation ; Transducers ; Uterine Artery* ; Vasoconstriction* ; Vasodilation

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to compare the clinical response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) according to the size of baseline ovarian cyst. METHOD: From February 1992 to March 1999, a retrospective analysis was done of 272 cases who underwent COH using mid-luteal phase long protocol of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) for IVF-ET. These cases were divided into four group; group 1 (n=63) had cysts with mean diameters between 20.2 and 29.0 mm on their baseline ultrasound on cycle day 3, group 2 (n=57, 30.0~49.0mm), group 3 (n=68, >50.0mm) and control group (n=84). Cases were excluded according to the following criteria; pure male factor infertility, the presence of only one ovary, high CA-125 level and previous endometriosis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between cases with baseline ovarian cyst <50.0 mm in diameter and control group in any of the parameters. However, cases with baseline ovarian cyst>50.0 mm in mean diameter needed more amount of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), showed significantly lower estradiol (E2) level, the number of follicle >15.0 mm on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration, the number of oocytes retrieved, the number of mature oocytes, and pregnancy rate compared with control group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that cases with baseline overian cyst <50.0 mm in diameter do not adversely impact on IVF-ET outcome. However, cases with baseline ovarian cyst >50.0 mm in diameter had adverse effects on various parameters. Therefore, to improve the outcome of IVF-ET in these cases, ovarian cyst aspiration prior to initiating COH may be required.
Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Endometriosis ; Estradiol ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infertility ; Male ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Ovary ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Forearm* ; Free Tissue Flaps*

We examined 646 neonates 1~3 days after birth at Seoul National University Hospital and Chungnam National University Hospital between April 1, 1986 and Dec. 31, 1986. To make neonates attentive, they were examined before feeding and if neonate was not attentive, we used side to side rocking or up and down movement to stimulate attentiveness. Their eye positions were tested with Hirschberg method and extraocular muscle function was tested with oculocephalic maneuver. Of these 646 neonates, 288(44.6%) had orthophoria, 337(52.2%) had exotropia, 6(0.9%) hadesotropia, 12(1.9%) had intermittent exotropia, 2(0.3%) had intermittent esotropia, and 1(0.2%) had exo-esotropia. None had infantile esotropia. Four months after birth, we reexamined 198 infants. Two of 88 infants who were orthophoric on previous examination had intermittent exotropia and 101 of 103 infants who were exotropic after birth had orthophoria. Two infants who were esotropic and 5 infants who were intermittently exotropic after birth had orthophoria. None had infantile esotropia.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parturition ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Arthrogryposis* ; Humans ; Twins, Monozygotic*