Many procedures of quadricepsplasty were reported by Thompson (1944), Judet (1959), van Nes (1962), Nicoll (1963) and Hesketh (1963) in confining the indication of them for the strictly extra-articular origin of their causes. During the period of January 1979 to August 1979, 5 cases of stiff knee joints were surgically treated by means of arthrolysis and quadriceps release. The result were gratifying. The average gain of flexion was 119 degrees, and extension lag was absent except a case which had compression fracture of femoral condyle.
Fractures, Compression ; Knee Joint ; Knee

Larsen's syndrome is a very rare deformity, which is characterized by multiple congenital dislocations with a characteristic facial abnormality. The authors experienced a case of typical Larsen's syndrome that had saddle nose, hypertelorism, high-arched palate, dislocation of the hip joint, subluxation of the knee joint, dislocation of both radial heads, equinovarus deformities of both feet and winged scapulae of both shoulders. The dislocated left hip joint was reduced surgically and the result was excellent.
Clubfoot ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations ; Foot ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Hypertelorism ; Knee Joint ; Nose ; Palate ; Scapula ; Shoulder

The clinical value of CT in the diagnosis of pelvic bone fractures is being explored. Conventional radiographic projections, including internal and external oblique views, although very helpful, often cannot provide sufficent jnformation to give a true sense of the fractures. CT conversely displays the anatomy in an axial plane, thereby providing the missing pieces of information and fascilitating classification of these fractures. From January 1983 to June 1986, 34 patients with pelvic bone fractures, admitted to Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, were given both CT and conventional radiographs. Comparing the conventional radiographic findings with those of CT, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. For patients with multiple trauma who necessitate position changes during conventional radiography, no further change in position was required during CT. 2. CT clearly showed intraarticular loose bodies, anterior wall fractures of the acetabulum, and separations of the saicroiliac joint which were hardly detected on conventional radiographs. 3. CT permitted a better evaluation of the shape, extent, and degree of separation of fracture fragment, so it was very helpful in formulating the treatment plan. 4. Follow-up CT was helpful in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment.
Acetabulum ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Multiple Trauma ; Orthopedics ; Pelvic Bones ; Radiography

Twenty four cases of acromioclavicular seperation were admitted and treated at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University from October 1964 to September 1975. Of these, six cases were subluxations and eighteen cases were dislocations. Acromioclavicular joint injury is relatively rare and there are many methods of treatment. In our cases, all the six subluxations and seven of the eighteen dislocations were treated by conservative method, while eleven of the eighteen dislocations were treated by operative method. The results of all the subluxated cases were satisfactory. In cases of dislocation, the results were considerably better in operated cases with Weavers method.
Acromioclavicular Joint ; Dislocations ; Methods

Buerger's disease was first identified in 1908 by Leo Buerger as a distinct clinicopathological entity, which causes severe pain and necrosis on distal parts of the extremities and occurs especially in young male adults. In spite of many treatment modalities, it is not completely cured but results in amputation in the long run. So, we studied a total of 120 cases of Buerger's disease, who were admitted at Yonsei University, Severance Hospital from Jan., 1975 to June, 1985 and we obtained the following results. 1. All the patients were male and majority of them were under 40 years of age (69.2%). 2. 118 cases were smokers and 2 cases were non-smokers. 3. The initial symptoms were resting pain, necrosis, and color change in descending order of frequency. 4. Diagnoses were made mainly by angiogram(75.8%) and most common site of obstruction was popliteal artery (49.4%). 5. After sympathectomy and angioplasty, there was temporary relief of symptoms, but none showed good results after long term follow up. As a result, amputations were performed after sympathectomy in 47 cases(39.2%), of which 36 cases(76.6%) received that surgery within 2 yeas after sympathectomy. 6. The pressure index not only helps diagnose the disease but also is a very useful method to objectively assess the severity of the initial symptoms and postoperative results.
Adult ; Amputation ; Angioplasty ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Popliteal Artery ; Sympathectomy ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate clinical manifestations and findings of ultrasonogram of neonatal septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. We tried to determine the value of ultrasonogram as a tool for early diagnosis of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 17 patients, who were diagnosed septic arthritis and/or osteomyelitis in Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedic Surgery, Han dong University Sunlin Hospital in Pohang between Jan. 1994 and Sep. 1998. Radiologic findings were reviewed retrospectively according to the duration of symptoms at the onset. We compared the sensitivity of ultrasonogram with other radiologic tools done within 7 days of illness. RESULTS: We compared sensitivity of each imaging study done within 7 days of illness. 20%(3/5) had abnormality in plain radiographs, 78.6%(11/14) in ultrasonogram, 28.6%(2/7) in bone scan, and 100,0%(3/3) in MRI. Deep soft-tissue swelling around the bone was the earliest sign of acute osteomyelitis in ultrasonogram. Concurrently early septic arthritis showed deep soft tissue swelling around the joint and increased synovial effusion in ultrasonogram. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonogram is not so expensive, non-invasive, not harmful to patients, and there is no need to sedate patients for examination. Comparing with other imaging studies, the sensitivity of ultrasonogram is relatively high. Ultrasonogram is a useful diagnostic tool of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in newbom infants.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Early Diagnosis ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis* ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The pecten band can be defined as a fibrous tissue on the lowermost part of internal anal sphincter and may cause anal outlet obstruction, but its role is debatable. We evaluated the functional roles of the pecten band in hemorrhoids patients. METHODS: Three hundred sixteen hemorrhoids patients who underwent operations from January 1998 to April 2003 were analyzed for anal function according to presence or absence of a pecten band by using anorectal manometry and the constipation score. RESULTS: The numbers of males and females were 167 and 149. The overall pecten band positive was 63.6% (201/316), and pecten band positive was 84.6% (33/39) in patients who had previous anal surgery while it was 60.6% (168/277) in patients who had no history of surgery (P= 0.002). Pure hemorrhoids patients showed an 18.3% positive rate while patients with hemorrhoids and other conditions, such as anal fissure, fistula, or stricture, showed a 95.7% positive rate (P=0.00). Maximal resting anal pressures (mmHg, Mean+/-SD) and constipation score were 78.9+/-24.7 and 7.88+/-3.8 in the positive group and 67.1+/-22.2 and 4.55+/-2.8 in the negative group (P=0.00, 0.00). Postoperatively, the constipation score decreased significantly from 7.25 to 2.82 (P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The pecten band seems to be associated with anal outlet obstruction, and a pecten band releasing operation may be considered according to its presence or absence.
Anal Canal ; Constipation ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Fissure in Ano ; Fistula ; Hemorrhoids* ; Humans ; Male ; Manometry ; Pecten*

The authors tried to evaluate the effect of the growth factors on cell proliferation in the human retina astrocyte culture. Each growth factor, EGF, bFGF, GGF, IGF-1 or PDGF, together with BrdU was added to astrocytes-enriched cultures in the serum-free media. The proliferating effect of each growth factor was evaluated by a double immunofluo- rescenece labelling for GFAP and BrdU. By and addition of each growth factor, the number of retinal astrocytes at the synthetic stage significantly increased than those of control group (p<0.01). In comparision, PDGF was more potent than IGF-1 (p<0.01). Above data extended the concept of astrocytic proliferation caused by several growth factors in human retinal injury.
Astrocytes ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Cell Proliferation ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins* ; Neuroglia* ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde*

Osteoclasts resorb bone by the hydrogen ions and proteolytic enzymes in the localize environment under the ruffled border. Before releasing hydrogen ion and enzymes, osteoclast should attach to bone surface very tightly and make a room to release enzymes and hydrogen ion in the center. Specialized attachment molecule in the cell membrane, such as integrin, is associated with specific noncollagenous protein in the matrix, which has specific amino acid sequence (Arginine-Glycine- Aspartic acid sequence). We may speculate that osteoclast action would be decreased if the integrin is blocked by antibody or RGD protein. In this study, the osteoclasts were cultured on the coverslip or bone slice with or without RGD protein in the culture medium, and numbers of growing giant cells were much less in group with RGD protein. The number resorption pits, formed on mineralized bone slice, was also lower in the group adding RGD protein in the medium. And we made a conclusion that the osteoclastic bone resorption was inhibited by soluble RGD protein.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid ; Bone Resorption ; Cell Membrane ; Giant Cells ; Osteoclasts* ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Protons

Since CT scanning was introduced in the diagnosis of calcaneal fracture, we became to understand more clearly the pathoanatomy of the injury. However we have to determine if we would or would not take CT scanning by simple radiography in the acute setting and most of the surgeons still use simple radiography in evaluating postoperative result. And also we have to determine the accuracy of reduction and position of screws by simple radiography intraoperatively. The purpose of this report is to determine the accuracy of simple radiography in assessing the pathological anatomy of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture by experimental and clinical studies. This is a combined experimental and clinical studies using four below knee amputation specimens and 15 patients with 19 displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures treated at Hanil General Hospital between Jan. 1996 and May 1997. The lateral view of the foot was the best radiographic view for visualizing the degree of depression of the posterior facet. With regard to the location of a fracture line, findings of Broden views correlated well with findings on CT in 17 of 19 fractures. With regard to gapping between fragments, the axial view was not satisfactory in the majority of cases(15 of 19 cases). There was no case which showed more than 2 mm of discrepancy between the findings on Broden view and CT. We conclude that we may obtain most of the important informations about the pathological anatomy of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture by simple radiography.
Amputation ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Foot ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Knee ; Radiography* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed