Submerged implants require secondary surgical uncovering of implants after healing period of 3 - 6 months. In surgical methods, there are surgical scalpel, tissue punch, electro-surgical, and laser-used uncovering, and laser-used uncovering, and so forth. The objectives of this study are investigation and assessment of 1) thermal change in clinical application for uncovering of HA-coated implant and pure titanium implant irradiated by pulsed Nd-YAG. CO2, and Er-YAG laser. 2) surface change of cover screws after irradiation using laser energy. The temperature of apex & side wall of implants were recorded at 10sec, 20sec, 30sec after 30sec irradiation to implant healing screw; 1) pulsed Nd-YAG laser; 2W, 20pps, contact mode 2) CO2 laser; water-infused & non-water infused state, 2.5-3.5W, contibuous mode, noncontact mode 3) CO2 laser; non-water-infused state, 3W, superpulse, noncontact mode 4) Er-YAG laser; (1) non-water infused state, 10pps, 60mj, contact mode (2) water-infused state, 10pps, 60mj, 80mj, 101mj, contact mode According to the results of this study, pulsed Nd-YAG laser is not indicated because of increase thermal change and pitting of metal surface of implant cover screw. By contrast, CO2 laser & Er-YAG laser are presumed to indicate because of narrow range of thermal change & near abscence of thermal damage of metal surface. Dental laser is thought to be much helpful to surgical procedure when it is used as optimal power and time condition considering characteristics and indications of each laser. Further research is needed to verify that these techniques are safe and beneficial to implant success.
Lasers, Gas ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Titanium

The purpose of this article is to present the clinical and laboratory procedures for single tooth restoration using "Combination Implant Crown". It is cemented on implant abutment and that abutment is screw-retained over implant body. This type of implant restorations has the advantages of cement-retained restoration while being antirotational and retrievable. And, more esthetic and functional result can be achieved by minimizing the size of access hole. The results were as follow : 1. Preparation of abutment below the cuffline should be avoided 2. Axial reduction of implant abutment should not be excessive because it may weaken the abutment 3. More esthetical and functional occlusal surface was achieved with a minimal access hole which is slightly larger than the diameter of hex driver to enable future total retrievability. 4. Combination Implant Crown has the advantages of both the cement-retained and screw-retained type implant restoration. 5. Cementation between implant crown and abutment reduces screw loosening through even force distribution.
Cementation ; Crowns* ; Tooth*

The Purpose of this article is to present a clinical case report for palateless complete denture. Despite the contravacy of palatal uncoverage in upper complete denture, palateless complete denture has some merits for upper edentulous patient. Following the uncovering of the palatal portion, the patient became easy to talk and restored the lost good tastes. He is happy despite of the decrease of the retention of the upper complete denture. Palateless complete denture is a compatible alternative for upper edentulous patients in cases of gagging, large palatal torus and restoring the lost good tastes. The clinical points are as follows : 1. The remaning alveolar ridge should be ovoid and have enough width and height for the support and retention. 2. The patient must have strong wish to the palateless complete denture. 3. Palatal beading made on the palatal peripheral border give good border sealing of the palatal flange and minimaized the prominence of the denture flange. 4. The peripheral border of the palatal flange should be reduced as thin as possible for more comfort. 5. Upper artificial posterior teeth should be arranged over the alveolar ridge crest and inner incline of the buccal cusp relieved for denture stability while chewing. 6. For stability of palateless complete denture, bilateral balanced occlusion should be sttained. Palateless complete denture will restore the lost good tastes and more comfortable and physiologic to upper edentulous patients and a good alternative to full palatal coverage complete denture in the properly selected cases.
Alveolar Process ; Denture Retention ; Denture, Complete* ; Dentures ; Gagging ; Humans ; Mastication ; Tooth

The ultimate goal of periodontal disease therapy is to promote the regeneration of lost periodontal tissue, there has been many attempts to develop a method to achieve this goal, but none of them was completely successful. This study was designed to compare the effects of treatment using resorbable barrier membrane(Biomesh?) in combination with autogenous bone graft material with control treated by only modified Widman flap. 22 infrabony defecs from 10 patients with chronic periodontitis were used for this study, 10 sites of them were treated with resorbable barrier membrane and autogenous bone graft material as experimental group and 12 site were treated by only modified Widman flap as control group. Clinical parameters including probing depth, gingival recession, bone probing depth and loss of attachment were recorded at 6-8 months later, and the significance of the changes was statistically analyzed. The results are as follows : 1. Probing depth of the two group was reduced with statistically significance(P<0.05), but this changes were not different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance. 2. Gingival recession showed statistically significant increase in control group(P<0.05), but not in experimental group, and initial values of the two group were in statistically significant difference(P<0.05). 3. Bone probing depth showed statistically significant decrease in experimental group(P<0.05), but not in control group, and this changes were different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance(P<0.05). 4. Loss of attachment showed statistically significant decrease in experimental group(P<0.05), but not in control group, and this changes were different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance(P<0.05) On the basis of these results, treatment using resorbable barrier membrane in combination with autogenous bone graft material improve the probing depth, bone probing depth and loss of attachment in infrabony defects.
Chronic Periodontitis ; Gingival Recession ; Humans ; Membranes* ; Periodontal Diseases ; Regeneration ; Transplants*

The ultimate goal of periodontal disease therapy is to promote the regeneration of lost periodontal tissue, there have been many attempts to develop a method to achieve this goal, but none of them was completely successful. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of treatment using BBP(R) with control treated by only modified Widman flap. 22 intrabony defects from 12 patients with chronic periodontitis were used for this study, 10 sites of them were treated with BBP(R) as experimental group and 12 site were treated by only modified Widman flap as control group. Clinical parameters including probing depth, gingival recession, bone probing depth and loss of attachment were recorded at 6 months later, and the significance of the changes was statistically analyzed. The results are as follows: 1. Probing depth of control(delta2.7+/-1.3mm) and experimental group(delta3.6+/-1.8mm) weres reduced with statistically significance(P<0.05), but this changes were not different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance. 2. Gingival recession showed statistically significant increase in control group(delta2.1+/-1.2mm)(P<0.05), but not in experimental group(delta0.5+/-0.7mm), and this changes were different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance(P<0.05). 3. Bone probing depth showed statistically significant decrease in experimental group(delta2.9+/-1.0mm)(P<0.05), but not in control group(delta1.1+/-1.4mm), and this changes were different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance(P<0.05). 4. Loss of attachment showed statistically significant decrease in experimental group(delta3.1+/-1.7mm), but not in control group(delta0.6+/-1.2mm), and this changes were different between the two experiment, control group with statistically significance(P<0.05) On the basis of these results, treatment using BBP(R) improves the probing depth, bone probing depth and loss of attachment in intrabony defects.
Chronic Periodontitis ; Gingival Recession ; Humans ; Periodontal Diseases ; Regeneration