Eating ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures ; Respiration ; Tooth ; Violence

PURPOSE: Radius-Maumenee syndrome (RMS) is characterized by idiopathic dilated episcleral vessels usually associated with glaucoma. The authors report a case of a 32-year-old Korean male with dilation of the episcleral vessels and glaucoma in both eyes. CASE SUMMARY: A 32-year-old Korean male presented with conjunctival injection and chronic pulsatile ocular pain in both eyes for 11 years. His best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Slit lamp biomicroscopy showed episcleral venous engorgement in both eyes. Fundus photographs revealed superotemporal and inferotemporal retinal nerve fiber layer defects and Humphrey visual field testing showed superior nasal steps and paracentral scotomas in both eyes. He suffered from chronic eye pain in both eyes although he had applied glaucoma medication and his symptoms had worsened during the past year. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed no evidence of carotid cavernous fistula or other orbital lesions. Due to the presence of episcleral venous engorgement, glaucoma and negative tests for other possible diseases, he was diagnosed with RMS. CONCLUSIONS: RMS is an idiopathic disease with episcleral vessel dilation and frequently associated with glaucoma. Its diagnosis is confirmed by eliminating other possible causes of episcleral venous engorgement.
Adult ; Brain ; Diagnosis ; Eye Pain ; Fistula ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nerve Fibers ; Orbit ; Retinaldehyde ; Scotoma ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Field Tests

Rhabdomyomas are rare benign tumors. Most extracardiac rhabdomyomas are found in the head and neck region, especially in the pharynx and larynx. Herein, we have described the case of a 1-year-old boy presenting with recurrent otorrhea and postauricular swelling. His symptoms were due to a mass that was histologically diagnosed as fetal rhabdomyoma (FR). Here, we report the first case of FR in the postauricular area. Clinicians should keep in mind the possibility of FR if a child presents with external auditory canal mass associated with recurrent otorrhea and signs of mastoiditis.

PURPOSE: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in Korean women, and its incidence is increasing at a rapid rate. Since 1996, the Korean Breast Cancer Society has collected nationwide breast cancer data using an online registration program and analyzed the data biennial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Korean breast cancer and to analyze changes in these characteristics over the period of time. METHODS: Data were collected from 41 medical schools (74 hospitals), 24 general hospitals, and 6 private clinics. Data on the total number, gender, and age of newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients were collected through a questionnaire. Additional data were collected and analyzed from the online database. RESULTS: In 2010, 16,398 patients in Korea were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The crude incidence rate of female breast cancer was 67.2 cases per 100,000, and the median age at diagnosis was 49 years. The incidence of breast cancer was highest in patients aged between 40 and 49 years. Since 1996, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of early-stage cancers (detected in stage 1 or 2), the percentage of estrogen receptor-positive cancers, and in the proportion of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery. CONCLUSION: The incidence and clinical characteristics of Korean breast cancer are slowly changing to the patterns of Western countries. To understand changing patterns in the characteristics of Korean breast cancer, the nationwide data should be continuously analyzed.
Aged ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Estrogens ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Schools, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study was to assess the current materials, methods and difficulties according to the year of licence and educational background of Korean dentists in Class II direct composite resin restorations. Total 17 questions were included in the questionnaire. Questions were broadly divided into two parts; first, operator's information, and second, the materials and methods used in Class II posterior composite restoration. The questionnaire was sent to dentists enrolled in Korean Dental Association via e-mail. Total 12,193 e-mails were distributed to dentists, 2,612 e-mails were opened, and 840 mails (32.2%) were received from respondents. The data was statically analyzed by chi-square test using SPSS(v. 12.0.1, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Male dentists among respondents was 79%. 60.3% of the respondents acquired their licences recently (1998-2007), and 77% practiced in private offices. 83.4% have acquired their knowledge through school lectures, conferences and seminars. For the Class II restorations, gold inlays were preferred by 65.7% of respondents, while direct composite resin restorations were used by 12.1% amalgam users were only 4.4% of respondents. For the restorative technique, 74.4% of respondents didn't use rubber dam as needed. For the matrix, mylar strip (53.4%), metal matrix (33.8%) and Palodent system (6.5%) were used. 99.6% of respondents restored the Class II cavity by incremental layering. Obtaining of the tight interproximal contact was considered as the most difficult procedure (57.2%) followed by field isolation (21%). Among various bonding systems, 22.6% of respondents preferred SE Bond and 20.2% used Single Bond. Z-250 was used most frequently among a variety of composite resins.
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; Chicago ; Composite Resins ; Congresses as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Dentists ; Electronic Mail ; Humans ; Inlays ; Korea ; Lectures ; Male ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Postal Service ; Rubber Dams ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In end stage renal disease, the precise mechanism of metastatic calcification remains unclear, except that it occurs with hyperphosphatemia, increased Ca x P product, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. It involves various organs such as lung, eye, stomach, kidney, and so on. A 62-year-old male patient, who had acute renal failure (ARF), developed gastric calcification in our institution. The ARF had been result of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), and the metastatic calcification seemed to be caused by increased Ca x P product and hyperphosphatemia. This case shows that metastatic calcification could arise even in ARF.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Eye ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary ; Hyperphosphatemia ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Lung ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Previous studies of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Koreans have been predominantly cross-sectional and insufficient to elucidate factors determining renal function. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 60 patients who were diagnosed with ADPKD in our hospital from 1995 to 2005. We surveyed the basal characteristics, symptoms, signs, blood and urine laboratory findings, radiologic extrarenal abnormalities, and kidney length through ultrasonography, and these measures were analyzed to identify their relationship to decreased renal function. RESULTS: The clinical characteristics, such as symptoms and signs, were similar to those reported previously. Following t-tests and simple regression analyses, the statistically significant variables related to renal function deterioration were as follows: hypertension (with decreased renal function, 2.5 mL/min/1.73 m2/year more rapidly than the no-hypertension group, p=0.006), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.007), hypernatremia (p=0.011), mean kidney length (beta=0.378, p=0.029), and albumin (beta=-2.067, p=0.003). The multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant factors were hypertension (beta=0.261, p=0.016), mean kidney length (beta =0.211, p=0.047), and hypernatremia (beta=0.244, p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: The independent risk factors for deteriorating renal function in Korean patients with ADPKD were hypertension, hypernatremia, and mean kidney length.
Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypernatremia ; Hypertension ; Kidney ; Medical Records ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

A 74-yr-old woman presented with fever and abdominal discomfort. She was in a septic condition caused by urinary tract infection. Her computed tomogram of the abdomen revealed features of hydronephrosis with ureteral stones in both kidneys. During percutaneous nephrostomies, right pyeloduodenal fistula (PDF) was diagnosed. Elective surgery was originally planned but the patient was in a poor condition to undergo surgery. Instead, 2 times endoscopic clipping and ligation by endoloop were applied with parenteral antibiotics for the fistula lesion. On admission day 30, she was discharged from the hospital after confirmation of no more contrast leakage on fistulography. We reviewed the literature and discuss the etiologies, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment of PDF.
Aged ; Duodenal Diseases/complications/radiography/*surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis/complications/radiography ; Intestinal Fistula/complications/radiography/*surgery ; Kidney/radiography/surgery ; Kidney Calculi/complications/radiography ; Kidney Diseases/complications/radiography/*surgery ; Ligation ; Urethral Obstruction/complications/radiography ; Urinary Fistula/complications/radiography/*surgery ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications/radiography

BACKGROUND: Despite using renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockades, some of the patients with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy often had persistent proteinuria of more than 500mg/d. They need to be managed further by alternative methods to halt the progression of the disease; these methods could also be applied safely over a long period of time. In this context, sulodexide has been studied for the management of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: A retrospective review was carried out involving 20 patients with IgA nephropathy who had been taking sulodexide (50mg daily) as an add-on therapy together with an optimal dose of RAS blockades during 2008-2009. We evaluated the proteinuria reduction rates and renal function changes. RESULTS: During 11.1+/-72.7 months of follow-up duration, urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) decreased for 1.57+/-0.6 to 1.17+/-0.7 g/g (P=0.032). Twenty-five percent of the patients showed a greater than 50% reduction of UPCR, and 40% had a UPCR of less than 1.0g/g at their final observations. The analysis of the factors contributing to the effect found that a higher pretreatment UPCR showed a significant correlation with the UPCR decrease (r=0.45, P=0.047). Neither the adverse effects nor the renal function impairments were documented during the management. CONCLUSION: Low-dose sulodexide has an additional modest antiproteinuric effect on IgA nephropathy undergoing RAS blockade therapy.
Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Proteinuria ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; Retrospective Studies

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare type of breast carcinoma and this tumor makes up less than 0.1% of all mammary carcinomas; ACC is known to show a relatively favorable prognosis. Among a variety of microscopic growth patterns of mammary ACC, a solid variant is the rarest and this can cause diagnostic difficulties. We present here a case of a solid variant of mammary ACC that occurred in the right breast of a 40-year-old woman who was initially diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma. We discuss the histological and clinical characteristics of this case.
Adenoids* ; Adult ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Female ; Humans ; Prognosis