We described 2 patients with Marchiafava-Bignami disease, a neurological disorder associated with chronic alcohol consumption. Patient 1 expressed general weakness and confusion, while patient 2 expressed dysphagia and seizures. Lesions involving the corpus callosum were identified with T2 weighted MR imaging in which there was a hyperintensity in the splenium of patient 1 and in the entire corpus callosum of patient 2. While the conditions of both patients were improved by with nutritional support, they were left with cognitive impairment.
Alcohol Drinking ; Corpus Callosum ; Deglutition Disorders ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Marchiafava-Bignami Disease* ; Nervous System Diseases ; Nutritional Support ; Seizures

BACKGROUND: Triage and transportations are important and life-saving medical task performed at the site of mutiple-casualty incidents(MCIs). We pursued three road traffic accidents victims to find out any problem in triaging and transporting them, and to provide an information for equipping an local disaster planning. METHODS: The medical records of 70 consecutive patients who were transported to five emergency facilities in Kangnung, on three MCIs from 1998 to 2000, were analysed, retrospectively. The intervals and types of transport vehicles were analysed. We compared the prehospital time between severity-based groups, which were graded into 3 groups according to the Triage score(0, 1~8, 9). RESULTS: Among the 70 patients, 33 patients(47.1%), 21 patients(30%), and 16 patients(22.9%) were transported to Level I, Level II, and Level III trauma centers, respectively. The time elapsed from scenes to the Level I trauma center was significantly shorter(p=0.003) than to others, but no differences in the mean Triage score between trauma centers were seen(p>0.05). The 119 rescue services transported 58.6%(41 patients) of victims to emergency facilities, and 58.5%(24 patients) of them was concentrated to Level I. There were no significant differences in the prehospital time between three Triage score groups(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no medical control such as triage and transportation in the cases of three MCIs. In the construction of emergency medical service system(EMSS) preparing MCIs or disasters, we suggest the integration and unification of 119 rescue services and emergency medical information centers for effective medical control. We propose to making a new and simple triage guideline. The prehospital personnel should be educated and disaster drills should be performed under the guideline.
Accidents, Traffic ; Disaster Planning ; Disasters ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Humans ; Information Centers ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Transportation* ; Trauma Centers ; Triage*

The diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT), a vascular disorder, can be easily overlooked. Disruption of blood flow through the internal jugular vein can take place in a variety of clinical settings. CT and ultrasonography are useful diagnostic tools. Recently, we experienced a case of IJVT after deep neck infection. This case showed sore throat, odynophagia and swelling of right submandibular area. CT scan revealed diffuse neck swelling and incomplete occlusion of the right internal jugular vein at the thyroid level. Treatment began with antibiotics and hydration. We present a case of IJVT after deep neck infection with literature review.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diagnosis ; Jugular Veins* ; Neck* ; Pharyngitis ; Thrombosis* ; Thyroid Gland ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

The ultrastructure of the excitotoxic lesion similar to that occurring in the degenerative neuronal disease was produceby stereotaxic injections of 1 nmol and 10 mnol of kainic acid nto the corpus striatum of adult rat brain There were rnarked swellings in the neuronal dendrites at injected sites. Neurotubules and neurofilarnents were disrupted as and amorphous materials and scattered throughout the interior of distended dendrites. Internal cristae and membranes of mitochondria were destroyed with the loss of integrity of intracellular organelles. Disruption of cellular and nuclear membranes occurered in severe cases. But there was no apparent pathologic change in the other structure, ie, synapses, presynaptic and postsynaptic parts, axons and glial cells. The synapses between dendrites and axon terminals were not destroyed despite of marked distension of dendrites. The local administration of excitatory amino acid into the brain caused the destruction of dendrites and neuronal cell bodies, but axons and axon terminals were intact With the lapse of time, axons and axon terminals from the destroyed neuron degenerate Therelore stereotaxic injection of excitatory amino acid into the brain may provldes a method of investigating neuronal connectivity.
Adult ; Animals ; Axons* ; Brain ; Corpus Striatum* ; Dendrites ; Excitatory Amino Acids ; Humans ; Kainic Acid* ; Membranes ; Mitochondria ; Neuroglia ; Neurons* ; Nuclear Envelope ; Organelles ; Presynaptic Terminals ; Rats ; Synapses

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: It is widely believed that the post-lumbar puncture headache(PLPH) is related to CSF leakage through the dural hole made by needle tract. So it is accepted that PLPH is prevented by at least 4 hour bed rest after lumbar puncture (LP). If bed rest was unneccessary, the administrative and nursing advantages would be obvious,, especially in neurologic units, whereLP has been done frequently. Therefore, we evaluate the incidence of PLPH in the ambulant and bed-rest patients prospectively and compared the incidence difference between two group. METHODS: Eighty-eight patients without preceding headache who were done lumbar puncture for diagnostic purpose were selected prospectively. We compared the incidence of PLPH between the ambulant (50 patients) and bed-rest group (38 patient,) at 6 hour and 24 hours. We also evaluated the effect of the CSF profile (count of RBC and WBC, protein level and opening pressure) on PLPH. RESULTS: The PLPH was found in 11 cases(12.5%) among bed-rest and ambulant groups. The frequency of each group was 8% (3/38) in bed-rest group and 16%(8/50) in ambulant group, but there is no significant difference between two groups (p-vaIue = 0.26). The frequency of PLPH is also not correlated to the CSF profiles; count of RBC and WBC, protein level, and opening pressure. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference between the ambulant and bed rest group in the frequency of the PLPH. We conclude that the bed rest after LP is unnecessary for the prevention of the PLPH.
Bed Rest* ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Needles ; Nursing ; Post-Dural Puncture Headache* ; Prospective Studies ; Punctures ; Spinal Puncture

Peripheral neuropathies occur in lymphoma patients. Causes of neuropathy include chemotherapy, opportunistic infections, and the lymphoma itself. We report a patient with lymphoma whose chief complaint was a sensory loss in the hands and feet. Electrophysiologic studies and sural nerve biopsy showed sensory polyneuropathies. We hypothesize that this neuropathy is associated with lymphoma-related ganglionopathy, and among the possible causes, we suspect that a systemic cause such as a paraneoplastic syndrome is the most likely pathogenic etiology. However, further follow-up will be necessary to see whether sensory symptoms change with lymphoma treatment.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Electrophysiology ; Hodgkin Disease/*complications/*diagnosis ; Human ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphoma/*metabolism ; Male ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/*complications/*pathology ; Sensation Disorders/complications/pathology

Cerebral venous angomas are a rare form of intracranial vascular malformation and first reported by Wolf in 1967. The characteristic angiographic appearance of venous malformation is a local network of small veins that converged centrally into a single large drainage vein. The CT findings are linear or curvilinear enhancement after administration of contrast media. The authors present a case of venous angiomatosis of the both hemisphere combined with dural arteriovenous malformations demonstrated by the carotid angiography and bran CT, with clinical presentation of status epilepcus and following left hemiplegia due to cerebral infarction.
Angiography ; Angiomatosis* ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Contrast Media ; Drainage ; Hemiplegia ; Vascular Malformations ; Veins ; Wolves

BACKGROUND: To manage the EMS(emergency medical services) system effectively, departments, such as fire stations, emergency information centers, hospitals, and The Ministry of Health and Welfare, should exchange information that they own and/or gather during patient care and/or transportation. Medical records and information are very important for continuing the patient's care and for deciding on a treatment plan, but medical information is not exchanged fully in spite of its importance. METHOD: We analyzed the transfer medical reports that were written by medical doctors who transferred emergency patients to our hospital. The contents and the accuracy of the transfer medical records were analyzed and graded into 4 groups. Group A was fully described and was equipped with diagnosis, laboratory data, X-ray films; group B had a diagnosis and full laboratory data; group C had a diagnosis, but only partial laboratory data; and group D had only a diagnosis. RESULTS: Among 38,214 patients who visited our hospital from Jan. 2001 to Jun. 2001, 7,031 cases were transferred from other hospitals with transfer medical records. According to the accuracy and important contents of the transfer records, Group A occupied 1.9%, group B 5.2%, group C 32.5%, and group D, with only a diagnosis, 60.4%. In the case of our hospital, we delivered all emergency medical information by written paper(transfer note), E-mail, and web-based information system(cyber-AMC) to the doctors concerned with managing the patient. However, 93% of the medical records of patients transferred from other hospital contained insufficient information to adequately care for the emergency patients. In addition, most of the transferred patients had been transorted without prior information about transportation. CONCLUSION: Within the near future, a medical information center equipped with a computerized system should be operated to exchange medical data. As most general hospitals are operating the OCS(order communication system), EMR(electronic medical record), telemedicine, and PACS(picture-archiving communication system), medical information can be exchanged freely in real time if a code standard and HL7(Health Level 7) can be established.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Diagnosis ; Electronic Mail ; Emergencies* ; Fires ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Information Centers ; Medical Records ; Patient Care ; Telemedicine ; Transportation ; X-Ray Film

BACKGROUND: Memory impairment results from various neurologic disorders. Among them, the memory loss associated with stroke is called amnesic stroke. Involved regions in the amnesic stroke are medial temporal lobe, thalamus, basal forebrain, retrosplenial region, and subcortical regions. Unilateral amnesic stroke is posterior cerebral artery territory including thalamus. Isolated infarction of hippocampal region has been rarely reported because hippocampus has dual blood supply from anterior choroidal cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. CASE REPORT: A 61-year old male with a history of diabetes for 6 years and hypertension for 13 years, was admitted with acute memory loss occurring 6 days before admission. He could not remember the exact date, place and recent events but could remember remote events about his personal and familial affairs. Brain MRI revealed an infarction in left hippocampal region and cerebral angiography showed multiple focal stenosis and luminal irregularity on left anterior choroidal, middle cerebral, basilar and both posterior cerebral arteries. COMMENTS: We report unilateral amnesic stroke only confined to left hippocampal region with literature review.
Amnesia ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Arteries ; Choroid ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Memory Disorders* ; Memory* ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; Phenobarbital ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Prosencephalon ; Stroke ; Temporal Lobe ; Thalamus

No abstract available.
Myoclonus* ; Spinal Nerve Roots*