Ossifying fibroma is not a well recognized entity, and only rarely affects the long bones. The main differential diagnosis is with fibrous dysplasia and with adamantinoma, non-ossifying fibroma of the long bone. Ossifying fibroma seldom has even a moderate tendency to progress during childhood, but it recurs frequently after curettage or subperiosteal resection. Any progression of the lesion comes to an end after puberty. So, surgery should be delayed as long as possible. But, if the lesion is rapidly progressive, or if a patient has repeated fractures, it would be necessary to resort to wide extraperiosteal resection. We have experienced 7 cases of ossifying fibroma from Octover 1979 to November 1988. The results were as follows; 1. The male and female ratio, was 5 to 2 and six patients were at their first decade, and one patient was 13 years old. 2. The lesion site was six cases in the tibia, one case in the fibula. 3. In six patients, we had done wide resection with free-vasculaized fibular graft in five cases and wide resection of the distal one-third of the fibula in one case. Two patients among them had recurrence. One case of recurrence was performed incomplete wide resection with free vascularized fibular graft because the lesion was too close to the distal epiphysis of the tibia.
Adamantinoma ; Adolescent ; Curettage ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Fibroma ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; Fibula ; Health Resorts ; Humans ; Male ; Puberty ; Recurrence ; Tibia ; Transplants

Cat liver fluke (Platynosomum fastosum) was identified upon necropsy of a Felis catus (domestic cat). This trematode has not been reported in domestic cats previously in Korea. Diagnosis of this fluke was made by the presence of eggs in the feces of the cat through the fecal sedimentation method. Flukes in the gallbladder, bile duct, and liver parenchyma were revealed by the necropsy findings. This report describes as the first case of a domestic cat with Platynosomum fastosum in Korea.
Animals ; Bile Ducts ; Cats ; Eggs ; Fasciola hepatica ; Feces ; Gallbladder ; Korea ; Liver ; Ovum ; Trematoda

Cat liver fluke (Platynosomum fastosum) was identified upon necropsy of a Felis catus (domestic cat). This trematode has not been reported in domestic cats previously in Korea. Diagnosis of this fluke was made by the presence of eggs in the feces of the cat through the fecal sedimentation method. Flukes in the gallbladder, bile duct, and liver parenchyma were revealed by the necropsy findings. This report describes as the first case of a domestic cat with Platynosomum fastosum in Korea.
Animals ; Bile Ducts ; Cats ; Eggs ; Fasciola hepatica ; Feces ; Gallbladder ; Korea ; Liver ; Ovum ; Trematoda

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the endotracheal intubation cases performed in the emergency department. METHODS: We investigated retrospectively 326 cases of endotracheal intubation performed in the emergency department of a tertiary care center from April 1, 1998 to March 31, 1999. We focused on operators, medications used, its success rate and immediate complications, and the relationship between its success rate and medications. RESULTS: Of 326 consecutive intubations, 193 patients(59.2%) were done by emergency medicine residents or attending physician. While 320 patients(98.2%) were successfully intubated, 6 patients could not be intubated and 2 patients underwent tracheostomy. Of 50 cases of intubations(15.3%) attempted with paralyzing agents, 48 cases were done with succinylcholine and 46 cases underwent by emergency physicians. Intubations with neuromuscular paralysis resulted in high success rates at the first attempt. Of 55 immediate adverse events were encountered in 47 patients(desaturation=17, bronchial intubation=15, hypotension=8, bradycardia=4, cardiac arrest=2, others=5). CONCLUSION: At this institution, paralyzing agents were used infrequently, but almost all of them were used by emergency physicians.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Paralysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Succinylcholine ; Tertiary Care Centers* ; Tertiary Healthcare* ; Tracheostomy

The diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT), a vascular disorder, can be easily overlooked. Disruption of blood flow through the internal jugular vein can take place in a variety of clinical settings. CT and ultrasonography are useful diagnostic tools. Recently, we experienced a case of IJVT after deep neck infection. This case showed sore throat, odynophagia and swelling of right submandibular area. CT scan revealed diffuse neck swelling and incomplete occlusion of the right internal jugular vein at the thyroid level. Treatment began with antibiotics and hydration. We present a case of IJVT after deep neck infection with literature review.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diagnosis ; Jugular Veins* ; Neck* ; Pharyngitis ; Thrombosis* ; Thyroid Gland ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

In anesthesia for Caesarean section, some induction agents have been used. Thiopental so- dium is regarded as the standard induction agent. Propofol and ketamine have properties which suggest that it might be useful alternstives to thiopental. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the maternal and neonatal effect of propofol and ketamine used as induction agent for general anesthesia for elective Caeearean section. Sixty mothers undergoing elective Caesarean section under general anesthesia were allocated randomly to receive thiopental 4 mg/kg or ketamine 1 mg/kg or propofol 2 mg/ kg for induction of anesthesia. The results were as follows; 1) There were significant increase in systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate at postintubation within three groups(p<0.05). But there were no significant differences in cardiovascular responses between three groups during the induction. 2) The Apgar scores and blood gas analyses of neonates did not differ between three groups significsntly and the results were within normal range in all groups. As a result, propofol and ketamine are acceptable alternatives to thiopental for the induction of general anesthesia in Caesarean section. But in view of maternal cardiovascular changes and fetal well being, propofol and ketamine offer no significant advantage over thiopental.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Fetal Blood* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Ketamine ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Propofol ; Reference Values ; Thiopental ; Umbilical Cord*

Cavernous hemangioma in the gastrointestinal tract is a rare benign vascular lesion, which can produce massive or persistent blood loss. Herein, we present two cases of gastrointestinal hemangiomas that could not be resected completely and were treated with estrogen because of multiple involvement of the gastrointestinal tract and viscera, including the anal canal. A 49-year-old male presented with unknown chronic melena and anemia. Preoperative work-up could not reveal the definite cause of bleeding. During exploration, hemangioma scattered in whole small bowel was identified and feeding vessel ligation was performed. Postoperative recurrent bleedings were controlled by additional estrogen therapy. A 25-year-old young woman had suffered from painless anal bleeding with subsequent anemia since her youth. She had diffuse carvernous hemangioma in the large intestine involving the anal canal and uterus. Total proctocolectomy and ileal-pouch anal anastomosis was performed, however the uterine hemangioma was left intact because the patient wanted to be pregnant. She was also treated with estrogen, postoperatively. It is suggested that estrogen may be a good alternative treatment modality for gastrointestinal hemangioma that can not be removed completely.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anal Canal ; Anemia ; Estrogens ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestine, Large ; Ligation ; Male ; Melena ; Middle Aged ; Uterus ; Viscera

We experienced a case of cerebral hypoperfusion due to cyclosporine neurotoxocity confirmed only by Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT. A 53-year-old female had received allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation due to refractory plasmacytoid lymphoma. Cyclosporine and steroid had been administrated to prevent graft versus host disease. Twenty days after transplantation, she became delirious and suffered from generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Immediately, brain MRI and MR angiography were performed and these studies did not show any abnormal findings. However, Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT showed diffuse hypoperfusion in the left cerebral hemisphere and blood cyclosporine level was 962.6 ng/ml. Cyclosporine administration was stopped and discontinuation of cyclosporine resulted in disappearance of all neurological symptoms. The same neurological symptoms recurred with cyclosporine re-administration for management of exacerbated graft versus host disease. In this case, Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT proved very helpful in the diagnosis of cycloporine neurotoxicity.
Angiography ; Brain ; Cerebrum ; Cyclosporine* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Seizures ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

PURPOSE: Thallium behaves similarly to potassium in vivo. Potassium channel opener (K-opener) opens ATP-sensitive K+/-channel located at cell membrane, resulting in potassium efflux from cytosol. We have previously reported that K-opener can alter biokinetics of Tl-201 in cultured cells and in vivo. Malignant tumor cells have high Na-K ATPase activity due to increased metabolic activities and dedifferentiation, and differential delineation of malignant tumor can be possible with Tl-201 imaging. K-opener may affect tumoral uptake of Tl-201 in vivo. To investigate the effects of pinacidil (one of the potent K-openers) on the localization of the tumor with Tl-201 chloride, we evaluated the changes in biodistribution of Tl-201 with pinacidil treatment in tumor-bearing mice. MATERAL AND METHODS: Balb/c mice received subcutaneous implantation of murine breast cancer cells in the thigh and were used for biodistribution study 3 weeks later. 100 microgram of pinacidil dissolved in 200 microliter DMSO/PBS solution was injected intravenously via tail vein at 10 min after 185 KBq (5 microcurie) Tl-201 injection. Percentage organ uptake and whole body retention ratio of Tl-201 were measured at various periods after injection, and values were compared between control and pinacidil-treated mice. RESULTS: Pinacidil treatment resulted in mild decrease in blood levels of Tl-201, but renal uptakes were markedly decreased at 30-min, 1- and 2-hour, compared to control group. Hepatic, intestinal and muscular uptake were not different. Absolute percentage uptake and tumor to blood ratios of Tl-201 were lower in pinacidil treated mice than in the control group at all time points measured. Whole body retention ratio of Tl-201 was lower in pinacidil treated mice (58+/-4%), than in the control group (67+/-3%) at 24 hours after with injection of 100 microgram pinacidil. CONCLUSION: K-opener did not enhance, but rather decreased absolute tumoral uptake and tumor-to-blood ratios of Tl-201. Decreased whole body retention ratio and renal uptake were observed with pinacidil treatment in tumor-bearing mice.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Membrane ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosol ; Mice* ; Pinacidil* ; Potassium ; Potassium Channels ; Thallium ; Thigh ; Veins

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a small-bodied, popular New World monkey and is used widely in reproductive biology, neuroscience, and drug development, due to its comparative ease of handling, high reproductive efficiency, and its unique behavioral characters. In this review, we discuss the marmoset models in Parkinson's disease (PD), which is a neurological movement disorder primarily resulting from a degeneration of dopaminergic neurons with clinical features of tremor, rigidity, postural instability, and akinesia. The most common PD models involve the administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or 6-hydroxydopamine to study the pathogenesis and to evaluate novel therapies. Following the systemic or local administration of these neurotoxins, the marmosets with very severe Parkinson's symptoms are recommended to be placed in an intensive care unit with artificial feeding to increase survival rate. All procedures with MPTP should be conducted in a special room with enclosed cages under negative-pressure by trained researchers with personal protection. Behavioral tests are conducted to provide an external measure of the brain pathology. Along with several biomarkers, including alpha-synuclein and DJ-1, non-invasive neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are used to evaluate the functional changes associated with PD. With the recent growing interest in potential and novel therapies such as stem cell and gene therapy for PD in Korea, the marmoset can be considered as a suitable non-human primate model in PD research to bridge the gap between rodent studies and clinical applications.
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; alpha-Synuclein ; Animals* ; Biomarkers ; Biology ; Brain Diseases ; Callithrix* ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods* ; Models, Animal ; Movement Disorders ; Neuroimaging ; Neurosciences ; Neurotoxins ; Nutritional Support ; Oxidopamine ; Parkinson Disease* ; Platyrrhini ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Primates ; Rodentia ; Stem Cells ; Survival Rate ; Tremor