Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by thunderclap headache with reversible vasoconstriction of the cerebral arteries. RCVS has been reported to occur in various clinical settings. However, RCVS triggered by blood transfusion is rare. A 50-year-old woman had severe anemia and received multiple blood transfusions. She developed thunderclap headache after transfusion. Cerebral artery vasoconstrictions were demonstrated by magnetic resonance angiography and transfemoral cerebral angiography. RCVS might be triggered by red blood cell transfusion in patients with severe anemia.

Man-in-the-barrel syndrome (MIBS) is a clinical syndrome of bilateral upper limb weakness with normal lower extremity function. It can be caused by various neurological conditions such as bilateral cerebral hypoperfusion, syringomyelia, motor neuron disease, or cervical myelopathies. We report a patient with MIBS after cervical spinal cord ischemia. It is postulated to be caused by ischemic insults of anterior spinal artery from repeated and prolonged neck extension.
Arteries ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Motor Neuron Disease ; Neck ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spinal Cord Ischemia* ; Spinal Cord* ; Syringomyelia ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Alzheimer Disease ; Dementia ; Humans ; Venous Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Lumbosacral Plexus* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Hypoxia, Brain* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a representative form of post-infectious autoimmune neuropathy with heterogenous manifestations. It was originally considered as an ascending demyelinating polyneuropathy in Western countries. However, the discovery of anti-ganglioside antibodies on the basis of molecular mimicry theory could help us better understand various kinds of focal and regional variants as well as axonal type of GBS those were frequently found from Asian countries. Recent development of new techniques about anti-ganglioside complex antibodies is making more detailed descriptions for specific or unusual clinical manifestations. It has been regarded that GBS has good prognosis if treated properly as early as possible, but it still shows high mortality and morbidity rate with frequent long term neurologic and medical complications. Unfortunately, there are only two options for medical treatment, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis, for the last 100 years. Several clinical studies on new immunotherapy targeting complement activating system with background of molecular mimicry using animal model are underway. We hope that these new treatments will be helpful for the future patients.
Antibodies ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Axons ; Complement System Proteins ; Gangliosides ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; Hope ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunotherapy ; Miller Fisher Syndrome ; Models, Animal ; Molecular Mimicry ; Mortality ; Plasmapheresis ; Polyneuropathies ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ; Inflammation

Acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy (AASN) is very rare immune mediated neuropathy characterized by prominent dysautonomia and sensory involvement without motor weakness. Most of AASN patients have a rapid onset reaching its worst within four weeks like Guillain-Barré syndrome. The treatment response is variable. Recently, we experienced a patient diagnosed as AASN with progressive autonomic and sensory symptoms more than 1 year, and showed good response in immunotherapy.