PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to construct and test a structural equation modeling on life-world integration in people with severe burns. METHODS: A survey design was used. Data were collected in 2008 from 376 people who had experienced severe burns using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The fitness parameters of the modified model (chi2/df = 3.15, goodness of fit: .91, normal fit index: .93, Tucker Lewis Index: .93, root mean square error of approximation: .07, root mean square residual: .04, and comparative fit index: .95) indicated its suitability as the research model. Physical function directly influenced burn factor, and family support indirectly influenced life-world integration. CONCLUSION: Physical function should be directly improved to adjust to life-world integration. A comprehensive integration approach is also necessary to help people with severe burns successfully return to society.
Burns* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of quality of life in burn patients. The predictors of quality of life were the subject's characteristics(marriage, income, burn size, burn site, pain and functional limitation) and personal resources(self esteem and social support). METHOD: 96 burn subjects who were hospitalized participated in the study. The data analysed was with descriptive analysis, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. RESULT: Burn patients who had a spouse and had higher levels of income, with smaller size of burn, no arm burn, with lower levels of pain and functional limitation, plus higher levels of self esteem and social support reported higher levels of quality of life(R2=0.5229). CONCLUSION: Based on the finding of this study, development of nursing intervention programs including reduction of pain and functional limitation, enhancing self esteem and social support can be suggested.
Arm ; Burns* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Self Concept ; Spouses

A validation of the nursing diagnosis "fluid volume deficit" was completed by using the diagnostic content validity method. Articles pertaining to fluid volume depletion were reviewed to identify the signs and symptoms used to describe the nursing diagnosis. The topics addressed in the articles included hypovolemic shock, hemorrhage, trauma, fluid balance, hydration, burn injury, thirst, dehydration. A validation instruments was constructed of 52 signs and symptoms. A validation tool was examined by expert nurses group who work on intensive care unit, kidney transplantation unit, internal medicine and general surgery unit. The study sample rated the signs and symptoms on a scale from one to five, evaluating their relevance to this diagnosis. Of the 52 signs and symptoms on the validation tool, 10 were categorized as critical indicators and 34 were categorized as defining characteristics.
Burns ; Dehydration ; Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Intensive Care Units ; Internal Medicine ; Kidney Transplantation ; Nursing Diagnosis* ; Nursing* ; Shock ; Thirst ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the effects of a recreation therapy program on burn rehabilitation patients to determine if the program is an effective nursing intervention which can affect mental health problems and heart rate variability. METHODS: Subjects were 54 hospitalized burn rehabilitation patients (25 in the control group, 29 in the experimental group). The experimental group participated 6 times in a recreation therapy program led by a qualified instructor. Brief symptoms inventory-18 (somatization, anxiety, depression) questionnaire, and heart rate variability were checked before and after the recreation therapy program. RESULTS: The mental health scale showed significant differences in somatization (p<.001), anxiety (p<.001) and depression (p<.001). There was no significant difference in heart rate variability (autonomic activity, autonomic balance, stress resistance, stress parameter and fatigue, mean heart rate, electro-cardiac stability). CONCLUSION: The findings from this study suggest that a recreation therapy program is an effective nursing intervention to decrease the level of mental health problems of burn rehabilitation patients. However, a subsequent study is needed to develop an intervention program that will induce the effect of physiological parameters like heart rate variability (HRV).
Anxiety ; Burns* ; Depression ; Fatigue ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Mental Health* ; Nursing ; Recreation Therapy* ; Recreation* ; Rehabilitation*

PURPOSE: The management of gluteal wound originated with burn is same as pressure sore. Pressure sores are managed surgically with two therapeutic components. One is a gross and sharp debridement and the other is a flap providing well-vascularized tissue to cover wounds. Central to the flap considerations is the tendency for recurrence mainly due to a poor blood supply, failure of tension-free closure and naive nursing care after operation, when reconstructive surgeons employ numerous surgical techniques in sores repair. The author used the gluteal artery perforator sparing and gluteal fasciocutaneous rotation advancement flap with V-Y closure to manage gluteal wound originated from burn. METHODS: Three cases of gluteal wound were treated with the gluteal artery perforator sparing gluteal fasciocutaneous rotation advancement flap with V-Y closure. The skin incision of conventional gluteal rotation flap is shortened to get a minimized flap size and adapts an advancement flap in a back cut pattern, supported laterally with V-Y closure for a tension-free closure. This superiorly (or inferiorly) based flap is elevated subfascially until one or two large musculocutaneous perforators of the inferior gluteal artery are encountered. The perforator down to its emergent point at the level of the piriformis muscle is dissected intramuscularly by splitting fibers of the gluteus maximus muscle in order to pivot freely. Then, the dead space is obliterated with a portion of the gluteus muscle transposed independently. The skin paddle is rotated to the defect area with the saved perforator(s) and closed the defect area. RESULTS: This technique encompasses the advantages of a perforator sparing flap, a fasciocutaneous rotation flap and an advancement flap with V-Y closure, providing a better vascularity, the flexibility of rerotation in the event of recurrence, preservation of the gluteus maximus muscle for ambulatory function, tension-free mobilization. Compared with other flaps which are previously used to manage pressure sores, one advantage is noted that the minimized operation wound is effective not only to improve the quality of patient's life in terms of position care but also to mitigate the associated wound- healing problems. CONCLUSION: This technique can be chosen primarily for management of various types of gluteal region wound including burn.
Arteries ; Burns ; Buttocks ; Debridement ; Imidazoles ; Muscles ; Nitro Compounds ; Nursing Care ; Pliability ; Pressure Ulcer ; Recurrence ; Skin

PURPOSE: Development of reconstruction plastic surgery for burn treatment and application SRNT (skin rehabilitation nursing therapy) have promoted improvement of dysmorphic feature and functional recovery. In case of deeper and extensive burn, however, treatment of burn scar after plastic surgery and SRNT may be unsatisfactory to burn patients. Especially burn patients having dysmorphic feature on exposed area like face suffer from psychological distress like depression, anxiety, guiltyfeeling, feeling of worthlessness, psychicinertia. Rehabili-Medical Makeup have performed congenital patient having hemangioma and vitiligo using covermark, and this is one of three technical effect of specialized skin rehabilitation nurses. Application of Rehabili-Medical Makeup covers burn scar afraid of exposure and resolves psychological distress, which makes burn patients gain confidence in themselves and helps their return to society. METHODS: Subjects of one's study are 10 burn patients that received SRNT from january 2007 to january 2011 and wanted Rehabili-Medical Makeup. We performed Rehabili-Medical Makeup using covermark foundation. practiced stress measuring test (MEDICORE SA-3000P, NIPRO Cocoro Stress Meter(R)) measured satisfaction (skin color, texture, duration, effectiveness and participation in education) using questionnaire. RESULTS: In stress measureing test after Rehabili-Medical Makeup patients maintained physiological balance. Satisfaction questionnaire show that patients are satisfied with every item. CONCLUSION: Rehabili-Medical Makeup resolves psychological distress and helps their return to society, which is final goal of rehabilitation. Hereafter we suggest to apply and expand education for managing patient's burn scar for themselves.
Anxiety ; Burns ; Cicatrix ; Depression ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation Nursing ; Skin ; Surgery, Plastic ; Vitiligo

OBJECTIVETo analyze the current research status of rehabilitation nursing for adult burn patients in China, and to disuss the related strategies.

METHODSChinese scientific articles on adult burn patients' rehabilitation nursing published from January 2003 to December 2013 were retrieved from 3 databases namely China Biology Medicine disc, Chinese Journals Full-text Database , and Chinese Science and Technology Journals Database . From the results retrieved, data with regard to publication year, journal distribution, research type, region of affiliation of the first author, and the main research content were collected. Data were processed with Microsoft Excel software.

RESULTSA total of 417 articles conforming with the criteria were retrieved. During the 11 years, the number of the relevant articles per year was on the rise, and the increasing rates in 2005, 2008, 2009, and 2013 were all above 30% . Regarding the distribution among journals, these 417 articles were published in 151 journals, with 188 articles in Source Journal for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers , accounting for 45.08%. Regarding the research type, 173 out of the 417 articles were dealing with clinical experiences, accounting for 41.49% ; 172 out of the 417 articles were dealing with experimental studies, accounting for 41.25% . The regions of affiliation of the first author were mainly situated in Guangdong province, Shandong province, Hunan province, and Jiangsu province, with Guangdong province contributing 58 articles, accounting for 13.91%. The research content of these articles was mainly focused on psychological nursing, nursing model, and health education, respectively 188,101, and 85 articles, accounting for 45.08%, 24.22%, and 20.38%.

CONCLUSIONSThe research on rehabilitation nursing for adult burn patients in China has been carried out nationwide. Although the number of relevant papers is on the rise, the quality of these papers needs to be further improved. There is an urgent need for the guideline on rehabilitation nursing for adult burn patients in China so as to standardize the content and procedure of rehabilitation nursing.

Bibliometrics ; Burns ; rehabilitation ; China ; Humans ; Publications ; statistics & numerical data ; Rehabilitation Nursing

PURPOSE: Nursing workplace spirituality (NWS) has received attention as a new and meaningful subject for nursing to consider, but little is known about the relation of NWS to nursing. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of NWS on job satisfaction, burnout and turnover intention. METHODS: Participants were 145 clinical nurses, who had worked for over 6 months in one of four general hospitals in B city. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression. RESULTS: In the second hierarchy controlling general characteristics, significant predictors of job satisfaction were burnout and NWS, which explained 45.0% of the variance. NWS had more influence on job satisfaction than burn out, and the model was suitable. NWS showed no statistically significant effect on burnout and turnover intention, when general characteristics and job related factors were controlled. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that nursing workplace spirituality has a positive influence on job satisfaction, but no direct influence on burnout or turnover intention, which may indicate an indirect influence. Nurse managers need to develop the NWS enhancement program and provide them to nurse to improve job satisfaction.
Burns ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Intention ; Job Satisfaction ; Nurse Administrators ; Nursing ; Spirituality

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to build an evidence for adjusting the guideline of our hospital for changing peripheral intravenous catheter interval from 72 hour to 96hour through the checklist based on the Hospital nursing association intravenous infusion therapy practice in burn patients who have special characteristics comparing with other patient. METHODS: From 9 July 2014 to 20 July 2014, 30 burn patients who need a peripheral intravenous catheter were enrolled. The catheter insertion site was observed 3 times a day and it was analyzed by the time passage. Phlebitis scale for Hallym medical center was used for the diagnosis of phlebitis. Phlebitis was reported from phlebitis scale grade 2. RESULTS: Peripheral catheter was removed in 10 patients (34%) for phlebitis scale grade 2. Among the patients, 8 patients had edema and 2 patients had erythema. There were only 5 patients (17%) who had maintained peripheral catheter for more than 96 hours. Most of the patients were given 5% dextrose fluid. Some patients had a high osmolar (883~1058 g) nutritional therapy during early post-burn period. CONCLUSION: In burn patient, peripheral venous catheter is usually inserted to the extremity area of which the vessel is relatively weak due to the burn wound and immobilization. And it was difficult to maintain the peripheral catheter for more than 96 hours. Because the burn patients should receive the hyperosmolar fluid and medications during the early post-burn period. Further investigation through comparing analysis should be performed for developing intravenous infusion therapy practice in burn patients
Burns* ; Catheterization, Peripheral ; Catheters* ; Checklist ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Erythema ; Extremities ; Glucose ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Nursing ; Phlebitis* ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic processing and nursing for phenol burn patients combined with poisoning.

METHODSThe clinical data of 42 phenol burn cases admitted in our hospital from 1998 to 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. The general clinical manifestations, treatment and nursing methods, and the treatment results of these cases were analysed.

RESULTSOut of 42 phenol burns patients, the total burn surface area (TBSA) of 22 cases were ≤ 5%, 10 cases' TBSA were 6% ∼ 10%, and 5 cases' > 20%. 36 patients showed systemic poisoning symptoms 1 ∼ 2 hours after injury, the severity and enduring period of which correlated with TBSA. Patients whose TBSA > 10% appeared obviously dysfunction of the liver and kidney. The therapeutic methods included wound management, compensation of fluid, diuresis, alkalized urine, large dose of vitamin C and glucocorticoid, early surgery, blood purification, etc. 39 of 42 cases were successful cured, while the other 3 cases died.

CONCLUSIONSPhenol burn often complicates systemic poisoning. In the treatment of patients with this special chemical burn, it is key scheme to block phenol absorption and promote elimination of already absorbed poison as early as possible. The comprehensive management and nursing should be necessary for supporting functions of important organs.

Adult ; Aged ; Burns, Chemical ; nursing ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenol ; poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult