Placental peptide(PP), which was extracted from the placenta of healthy women, was an immunomoderator. It had similar properties as transfer factor(TF) in physiochemistry, bioactivity and immuno-conpetence. This study showed that PP increased the amount of leucocytes and splenic nucleated cells obviously, raised the complement activity, and improved the phagocytosis of phagocytes in the mice. The specific antibody, especially the level of amboceptor antibody of PP treated mice was higher than that of control group, while there was no significant differance between TF group and the control group. It is concluded that PP is superior to TF in promoting the function of humeral immunity and it is a valuable immunomoderator.

BACKGROUND: It has been discovered in experimental researches that qiang chang heji acts on prevention and treatment of brain injuries induced by insufficient blood supply and improvement of blood rhelogical property.OBJECTIVE: To study on the effects of qiang chang heji on peripheral red blood cell in rats with insufficient blood supply to brain so as to probe into its mechauism on improving blood rhelogical property.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Central Laboratory of General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Central Laboratory of General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from July to September 2003. Totally 50 SD white rats of either sex were employed, weighted varied from 150 g to 170 g.METHODS: The common carotid artery(CA) on the right side was ligatured to induce insufficient blood supply in the brain. The control and qiang chang heji(QCHJ) group were designed for comparison. On the same day of CA ligature, in treatment group, QCHJ of various dosages were applied daily for gastric perfusion; and in the control, physiological saline was applied. Three or seven days later, the parameters of peripheral red blood cell and its rhelogical property were analyzed with equipment.the sham-operation group, mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), haematocrit(HCT) (%) and RBC aggregation index were in the tendency of increase and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (g/L) was increased obviously (375±7 vs 363±13) (P ＜ 0.05) .In the treatment group of 10 g/kg QCHJ, HGB(139.2±12.4 vs 153.6±9.6), MCHC(355±7 vs 375±7) and haematocrit(HCT) (35.4 ±0.9 vs 42.8 ±4.5) were significantly lower the control compared with the sham-operation group, both rigidity index and aggregation index of RBC were in the tendency of further increase. In treatment of QCHJ 10 g/kg, MCHC(354±4 vs 361 ±4), RBC rigidity index (1.02±0.35 vs 4.54±3.04) and aggregation index (2.76±0.66 vs 4.67 ± 1.21 ) were significantly lower than the control( P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Treatment with QCHJ can prevent changes in peripheral red blood cell in rats with insufficient blood supply in the brain and reduce MCHC and RBC rigidity index and aggregation index so as to improve RBC deformability and rhelogical property.

OBJECTIVE： The preventive and therapeutic effects of a compound traditional Chinese medicine preparation， Yingganfukang(YGFK)， on mice experimental liver fibrosis were studied METHODS： The acute liver damage and fibrosis rat models were established by giving single or multi－ dose of CCl4 orally and the liver dysimmunity model was established by giving BCG and LPS intravenously Rats were divided into YGFK group and control group The serum ALT， AST and ALP of the mice were examined The liver tissues taken from the liver fibrosis mice were committed to pathological examination RES_ ULTS： The serum ALT， ALP of the YGFK(2g/kg· d) group and control group were （ 6 153± 3 491） IU/L、 （ 202± 24） IU/L and （ 9 275± 2 744） IU/L、 （ 421± 67） IU/L， respectively in the acute liver damage mice with significant differences

Objective To explore the structure of violent attitude and the predictive character of the passionate criminal and recidivist. Methods This study used FMMU-Abnormal Personality Risk Factors Inventory (FMMU-APRI) for measuring explicit violent attitude of the passionate criminal and recidivist in prison; while used the picture Attitude Activation paradigm (AAP) for assessing implicit violent attitude. Results The AAP results showed that parts of passionate criminal and recidivist had reversed priming effect, according to whether reversed, there were divided into four types: no-reversal passionate criminals, reversal passionate criminals, no-reversal recidivists and reversal recidivists, VIO scores of no-reversal passionate criminals and recidivists recidivist were significantly higher than the norm, as reversal passionate criminals and recidivists had no significance; in noreversal passionate criminals, compatible response rate was 1.104, incompatible response rate was 1.053; in reversal passionate criminals, compatible response rate was 1.042, incompatible response rate was 0.997; in no-reversal recidivists, compatible response rate was 1.059, incompatible response rate was 1.097; in reversal recidivists , compatible response rate was 1.039, incompatible response rate was 0.998, as each group had strong priming effect, and each group had a dissociation of implicit and explicit violent attitude. Conclusion The results suggest that offenders who have committed a crime in the same category also had a different violent attitude; and integrating indirect methods with direct methods would predict a crime more accurately.

Objective:To preliminarily screen the key genes of primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)by bioinformatics method and explore the pathogenesis,so as to predict the potential traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for the treatment of ITP.Methods:Based on the original microarray data set GSE80401 under the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI),the differential miRNA of ITP were obtained by analyzing the adjusted P<0.05 and |logFC|≥1 as the screening criteria for differential miRNA.miRTarBase,miRDB and TargetScan were used to predict miRNA target genes.The target of ITP was searched in Genecards database,and the predicted up-regulated target genes and down-regulated target genes were intersected with disease targets.On this basis,the mapped target genes were respectively constructed into PPI network through String database and Cytoscape to screen core target genes,and the core target genes were enriched and analyzed in DAVID and Omicsbean databases for GO and KEGG pathways.The key genes were imported into the Coremine Medical database to analyze the TCM for the treatment of key genes.Results:Total of 422 differential genes and 17 key genes were finally screened,including BCL2L1,CCND1,CD44,CDKN1A,CREB1,GRB2,MAPK1,MAPK8,PIK3R1,CDK2,CAV1,FGF2,IGF1,SMAD2,SMAD4,TLR4 and VEGFA,mainly involving proteoglycan,FoXO,PI3K-Akt,human T cell leukemia virus 1 infection,endocrine resistance,focal adhesion and other signal pathways.A total of 12 TCM for ITP prevention and treatment,including ginseng,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Angelica sinensis,bee venom,cobra,Psoralea corylifolia,Rehmannia glutinosa,buffalo horn,hemp seed,dodder seed,Wulingzhi and Jinji NaPi were screened.TLR4 maps the most TCM,followed by CCND1 and VEGFA.Among many TCM,ginseng acts on 17 targets at the same time,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Angelica sinensis and bee venom act on 11 targets at the same time,cobra and Psoralea corylifolia act on 9 and 8 targets at the same time,Rehmannia glutinosa and buffalo horn act on 7 targets at the same time,hemp seed act on 4 targets at the same time,dodder seed act on 3 targets at the same time,and wulingzhi act on 2 targets at the same time.It is suggested that these drugs had the potential of multi-target prevention and treatment of ITP.Conclusion:The key pathogenic genes of ITP and the TCM with preventive and thera-peutic effects could be preliminarily predicted based on the analysis of genetic information,which can provide targets and research ideas for the development of related TCM.

Objective To study the overweight and obesity situation among Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents in the last 25 years and to provide a basis on related prevention and control measures.Methods A cross-sectional study was used,with 18 366 aged 7 to 18 Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents involved.Surveys on their physical health,in 1985,2000 and 2010 were carried out.Comparison on the mean of BMI and the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in different years,genders,location of residence (urban or rural) was also made.Results Over the past 25 years,among the aged 7 to 18 Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents,the overall trend on their means of BMI was increasing.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents were 2.1％,0.5％ in 1985,and 6.3％,2.4％ in 2000,with an increase of 2 to 4 times during the last 15 years.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were substantially increasing in the year 2010,to have reached 9.1％ and 6.6％,which were 4 to 12 times of the figures in 1985.The detection rates of overweight and obesity in urban boys were 1.2％,0 in 1985,7.9％,3.4％ in 2000 and 11.0％,11.8％ in 2010.However,the rate of obesity in the rural boys were 0.6％ and 0.6％ in 1985,2.8％,2.1％ in 2000 and 9.0％,3.4％ in 2010.In 1985 the rates of overweight and obesity in urban girls were 1.8％,0.3％,8.1％,4.3％ in 2000 and 9.4％,8.4％ in 2010.However,among the rural girls,the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity prevalence was 8.8％,2.2％ in 1985,4.5％,0.9％,in 2000 and 10.2％,4.5％ in 2010.The rates of overweight and obesity among groups in different years showed significant differences (P＜0.05).Conclusion Over the past 25 years,the prevalence rates on overweight and obesity increased significantly in Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents,and continued to rise,which called for reasonable and effective measures to be taken to prevent and control the occurrence of the problem.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Rosae Rugosae Flos;To provide references for the quality evaluation of Rosae Rugosae Flos.Methods The HPLC analysis was carried on a COSMOSIL 5C18-MS-Ⅱ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);the mobile phase was 2.5 % acetonitrile + 0.1 % formic acid aqueous solution(A)-acetonitrile + 0.1 % formic acid(B)with gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.5 Ml/min;the column temperature was 40℃;the detection wavelength was 350 nm.The similarity of 13 batches of samples was evaluated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM(2012 edition).Qualitative analysis was carried out by LC-MS technology.The overall quality evaluation of Rosae Rugosae Flos was carried out by combining clustering analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square discrimination.Results The common mode of HPLC fingerprints of Rosae Rugosae Flos was established,and the similarity of 13 samples was good.9 compounds were identified preliminary.13 batches of samples were aggregated into 3 categories by chemical pattern recognition.Conclusion The fingerprints of Rosae Rugosae Flos established in this study combines with chemical pattern recognition method,which has high sensitivity and strong specificity,can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of Rosae Rugosae Flos.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of specific functional gene ACE (I/D) variants of the renin-angiotensin system with essential hypertension (EH) and interaction between ACE (I/D) gene and risk factors for EH in a genetically homogenous Mongolia rural population of China.

METHODSIndividuals (n=1099) were recruited from general population of Kezuohouqi Banner in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region.

RESULTSThe association was found between ACE genotype DD plus ID and EH, with an interaction between ACE genotype DD plus ID and cigarette smoking in an additive model. Cigarette smoking index and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 7.10 to 1.16. Interaction between ACE genotype DD plus ID and alcohol drinking on EH appeared an additive model. Alcohol drinking index and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 1.66 to 1.09. BMI and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 6.15 to 2.49. Interactions between ACE genotype and WHR on EH showed a multiplicative model. In a short,there was an interaction between ACE gene and cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and BMI on EH, especially in a low dose-exposure effect

CONCLUSIONIt is important for individuals who carry ACE D allele gene to prevent EH, and furthermore, to prevent and control coronary heart disease, in a view of population-based prevention.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Alcohol Drinking ; Anthropometry ; Blood Glucose ; China ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Hypertension ; enzymology ; etiology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mongolia ; ethnology ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cumulative effect regarding the family history of cardiovascular disease and smoking on ischemic stroke events in population with Mongolian ethnicity.

METHODSBased on data gathered from the baseline investigation, a 10-year prospective cohort follow-up project was conducted among 2 589 participants with Mongolian ethnicity. Ischemic stroke events were defined as the outcomes of the study. All the 2 589 participants were categorized into four subgroups: without family history of cardiovascular disease/nonsmokers, without family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers, with family history of cardiovascular disease/nonsmokers and with family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers, according to family history of cardiovascular disease and smoking status. Cumlative incidence rates of events among the four subgroups was described with Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of ischemic stroke events among the four subgroups.

RESULTSData from the Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the cumulative incidence rates of ischemic stroke were 1.17% (15/1 278), 3.83% (37/967), 5.70% (9/158) and 8.33% (15/180) for the groups of no family history of cardiovascular disease/nonsmokers, no family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers, with family history of cardiovascular disease/nonsmokers and with family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers, respectively. By cox proportional hazards model, after adjusting for age, male, drinking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol factors, the HRs (95% CI) of ischemic stroke were 2.26 (1.19-4.28) and 2.45 (1.13-5.33) in the no family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers group, with family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers group when compared to the no family history of cardiovascular disease/nonsmokers group, respectively. The risk of ischemic stroke appeared the highest in the group with family history of cardiovascular disease/smokers (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSmoking may increase the risk of ischemic stroke events among the population with family history of cardiovascular disease.

Alcohol Drinking ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; ethnology ; genetics ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mongolia ; epidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; epidemiology ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; genetics

ObjectiveHenoch-Schönlein purpura（HSP） is one of the dominant diseases in Mongolian medicine. Qishun Baolier（QSBLE）， as the main prescription for the treatment of HSP， has significant clinical effect， but its mechanism is not yet clear. Baed on this， this study is intended to screen the differentially expressed proteins before and after treatment， and preliminarily explore the molecular mechanism of QSBLE in the treatment of HSP. MethodTaking oneself as the control， 30 HSP patients aged 6-45 years were collected， and QSBLE was taken orally at 12：00 and 24：00， respectively. The dose was adjusted according to age and the course of treatment was one week. The distribution of proteinuria， hematuria and skin purpura of all patients were determined before and after treatment. The serum samples of 10 patients with clinically significant remission after QSBLE treatment were randomly selected for proteomics. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification（iTRAQ） combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS） was used to analyze the proteins in serum of HSP patients before and after treatment， and differential proteins were analyzed bioinformatically and the protein-protein interaction（PPI） networks were constructed. ResultA total of 378 proteins were identified from serum， including 18 differentially expressed proteins， of which 15 proteins were up-regulated and 3 proteins were down regulated. Bioinformatics showed that the differential proteins were mainly involved in biological processes such as immune response， immunoglobulin production， phagocytosis， adaptive immune response before and after treatment. Biological processes， pathways and proteins were used to construct the PPI network， the proteins represented by immunoglobulin heavy constant γ1（IGHG1）， immunoglobulin λ-chain 7-43（IGLV7-43）， gelsolin（GSN） and 60 kDa heat shock protein（HSPD1） were involved in biological processes and related pathways such as adaptive immune response， immunoglobulin production， leukocyte-mediated immunity， regulation of stress response， regulation of immune system processes， regulation of trauma response， and these proteins were at the center of the PPI network. ConclusionQSBLE may play a role in the treatment of HSP by regulating the expression of IGHG1， IGLV7-43， GSN， HSPD1 and other key proteins to affect immune-related biological processes.