Cerebral aspergillosis is a rare condition that affects primarily the immunocompromised host. Most of cerebral aspergillosis is developed by hematogenous dissemination from extracranial foci, but aspergillosis of sino-nasal origin rarely affects the CNS. In case 1, wel symptom of tumor recurrence was unilateral numbness of the chin. A 65-year-old male was admitted because of paresthesia around the left chin and left lower lip. Neurologic examination revealed hypesthesia on the left side of chin, lower lip and buccal mucous mem-brane. Bone scan (Tc-99m MDP) showed focal hot uptakes on the left mandible and left first rib. Brain CT with bone window setting showed a focal osteolytic lesion in the bone marrow of the left mandibular canal without destruction of bone cortex. Both coronal T1 weighted image and axial T2 weighted image showed focal low signal intensities on the left ramus. The pathophysiologic mechanism could be understood by identification of the pathologic focus.
Aged ; Aspergillosis* ; Bone Marrow ; Brain ; Chin ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Immunocompromised Host ; Lip ; Male ; Mandible ; Neurologic Examination ; Paresthesia ; Recurrence ; Ribs

No abstract available.
Sternotomy*

No abstract available.
Polychondritis, Relapsing*

Facial appearance is influenced by the anatomic relationship of the eyebrow and eyelid. The morphology and normal anatomical value of upper eyelids are variable depending on race, sex and age, and have not been standardized yet in Korea. The authors statistically analysed normal anatomical variation of the upper eyelid morphology of 200 eyes of Koreans who had no surgery or trauma in the upper eyelid. One hundred men and one hundred women were included in this study. Physical examination of upper eyelid morphology included upper eyelid height, presence of upper eyelid crease and its level, height and width of palpebral fissure, height of tarsal plate, intercanthal distance, levator function, and presence of epicanthal fold with type. Average age was 21.09 in men and 23.03 in women, average heights of upper eyelid 15.04 mm and 16.05 mm, average heights of palpebral fissure 8.12 mm and 9.08 mm, average width of palpebral fissure 26.55 mm and 28.02 mm, average heights of tarsal plate 7.62 mm and 8.07 mm, and average intercanthal distances 36.82 mm and 35.90 mm. Increased values were noted in women compared to men, in upper eyelid height, height and width of palpebral fissure, and height of tarsal plate, especially levator fuction.But we couldn't find the statistical variation. Upper eyelid crease was noted in 29% in men, 54%in women.29 eyes in men and 24 eyes in women had epicanthal fold with epicanthus tarsalis being most prevalent morphologically. In our study, there was no meaningful difference of upper eyelid morphology depend on sex and we found that the favorate upper eyelid crease shape was the parallel crease type with narrow height in Koreans. These results may be beneficial in making a basic plan for the upper eyelid surgery such as blepharoplasty.
Blepharoplasty ; Continental Population Groups ; Eyebrows ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Physical Examination

PURPOSE: To evaluate imaging findings and lung density changes after 95% oxygen inhalation in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 18 rats were divided into three groups on the basis of inhalation time: group I(n=6) inhaled 95 % oxygen for 24 hours, and group II(n=6) for 48 hours, group III(n=6) for 60 hours. A control group(n=6) inhaled room air(21% oxygen). Chest radiograph and high resolution computed tomography were performed, and pathologic and imaging findings were compared. RESULTS: Chest radiograph showed abnormality only in group III. High resolution CT, however, revealed abnormal findings in all three groups : diffuse ground glass opacity in groups I, II and III, additional focal patchy consolidation at the peripheral portion in group II, and diffuse consolidation in group III. Lung density was sig-nificantly higher in group I than in controls(p <0.05), while density in group II was not significantly different from that in group I(p >0.05). In group III, density was significantly higher than in group II. The lung density changes seen in all groups showed a bilateral diffuse increased pattern. but, in group III, changes were more severe in the central, peripheral and posterior portion of the lower lung. Ground glass opacity and focal patchy consolidaton seen on HRCT were found on pathologic examination to be due to alveolar cell hyperplasia and septal thickening. Consolidation was caused by alveolar edema and hemorrage. Pathologic lesions were randomly distributed in both lungs. CONCLUSION: One HRCT images, rat exposed to hyperoxia showed ground glass opacity, patchy consolidation and diffuse consolidation. Depending on exposure time, the pathologic findings also indicated increased lung density and a bilateral, diffuse distribution pattern, as well as alveolar cell hyperplasia and septal thickening, alveolar edema and hemorrage. HRCT may be more helpful than simple X-rays for the early detection of pulmonary oxygen toxicity.
Animals ; Edema ; Glass ; Hyperoxia ; Hyperplasia ; Inhalation ; Lung* ; Oxygen* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Rats*

PURPOSE: When using the emergency room of a tertiary hospital, both patients and their relatives or friends sometimes experience dissatisfaction and complain. Patient satisfaction deserves attention not only because it is an intrinsically worthy goal but also because it is a potentially significant mediator for promoting health and well-being. This study aims to identify patient's official complaints and to improve the quality of care in the Emergency Department (ED). METHODS: We investigated retrospectively 144 official complaints of visitors in 4 tertiary university hospital emergency centers between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2003. RESULTS: Among those 144 official complaints from the 4 hospital emergency centers were 116 appropriate complaints, as determined by the inclusion criteria, and 212 detailed descriptions of dissatisfaction. The seven major categories of dissatisfactions were analyzed: rudeness or lack of kindness, delayed waiting time, insufficient explanation of patient condition, distrust of treatment, absence of a specialist, poor emergency-department environment, and high treatment fee. CONCLUSIONS: Dissatisfaction related to the lack of kindness was the most common problem in all four university hospital emergency centers. The next most important problem was the delayed time or distrust of treatment. The concrete causes of the complaints varied with the hospital. To improve the quality of care for patients in the ED, the hospital staff should be more attentive and kind and should explain the patient's condition in more detail. Reducing the waiting time is also important.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fees and Charges ; Friends ; Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Retrospective Studies ; Specialization ; Tertiary Care Centers*