No abstract available.
Wegener Granulomatosis*

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in patients with positional dependent sleep apnea according to their non-supine apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, > or =5 vs. <5). METHODS: 92 patients with positional sleep apnea were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups : group I was non-supine AHI having > or =5 ; group II was non-supine AHI having less than 5. Statistical analysis was performed to find the difference between two groups. RESULTS: In 92 patients, the number of group I patients was 11 (12%) and the number of group II patients was 81 (88%). In the severe AHI group, percentage of group I was dominated (70%) and showing a significant difference compared with the mild and moderate AHI groups (p<.05). In the severe body mass index (BMI) group, percentage of group I was dominated (54.5%) and showing a significant difference compared with of the mild and moderate BMI groups (p<.05). The percentage of group I was significantly higher than group II (p<.05) in the AHI, supine AHI, non-supine AHI and snore time. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with positional sleep apnea, severe OSA and high BMI are more common in patients with non-supine AHI> or =5 than non-supine AHI<5.
Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Tamoxifen*

No abstract available.
Atrial Fibrillation* ; Heart* ; Thoracic Surgery*

PURPOSE: Although the pudendal nerve terminal motor latency (PNTML) is normally used, there is no definite test that accurately reflects the function of the pudendal nerve. This study was undertaken to determine the relative accuracy of the various methods in measuring the function of the pudendal nerve. METHODS: Thirty one female patients (age 51.3+/-15.7) with a defecation disorder (constipation 20, fecal incontinence 11) were evaluated prospectively using a neurophysiologic test and balloon reflex manometry. Five parameters such as the right and left PNTML, anal mucosal electrosensitivity, latency and the amplitude of the rectoanal contractile reflex (RACR) were analyzed statistically for their correlation. RESULTS: There was no significant inter-test correlation among the parameters. However, the intra-test correlations between the parameters such as the right and left PNTML (r=0.9629, P<0.001)/latency and the RACR amplitude (r= -0.3770, P=0.0366) were found to be significant. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of these tests in evaluating the pudendal neuropathy could not be determined. However, because it can be assumed that a measurement of the RACR in addition to RNTML is technically accurate, it there will need to be more study for it to be used as an alternative to a PNTML measurement.
Defecation ; Fecal Incontinence ; Female ; Humans ; Manometry ; Prospective Studies ; Pudendal Nerve* ; Pudendal Neuralgia ; Reflex

Dermoid cysts are congenital anomalies that arise from trapped pouches of the ectoderm near the normal fold or from the surface ectoderm that has failed to separate from the neural tube. Dermoid cysts of head and neck area are relatively rare, whereas those located in the postauricular area are extremely rare. In Korea, only 3 cases of postauricular dermoid cysts have been reported. In this article, we report a case of postauricular dermoid cyst in a 21 year-old man, along with a review of articles.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Ear, External ; Ectoderm ; Head ; Humans ; Korea ; Neck ; Neural Tube ; Young Adult

The purpose of this study is to present a novel method of harvesting autogenous bone graft and to analyze the behavior of xenograft used for pelvic osteotomy in young children. Twenty hips of eighteen patients underwent pelvic osteotomies using xenograft (Lubhoc) from Sep. 1993 to Jun. 1996. In fitteen hips, we harvested autogenous bone avoiding damage to the chondroapophysis of iliac crest and t'illed the donor site with the xenograft. It supplemented the autogenous bone at the osteotomy site in eleven hips, and was used as a wedge without autogenous hone in five hips. During the followup, no growth disturbance of iliac crest was found. The xenograft incorporation was satisfactory at the graft donor sites and the osteotomy sites where it supplemented the autogenous bone, however, unsatistactory at the osteotomy sites where it was used alone. Our novel method of harvesting bone graft from young pelvis may help prevent growth disturbance of lilac crest, and Luhhoc is useful as space-filler of donor site and suppiementary to the autograft in pelvic osteotomy of young children.
Autografts ; Child* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heterografts* ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteotomy* ; Pelvis ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Opioids can produce potent antinociceptive effects by interacting with local opioid receptors in inflamed peripheral tissue. However, reports on pain relief with intra-articular morphine after arthroscopic knee operations are conflicting. In this study we examined the analgesic effects of the intraarticular administration of morphine after knee surgery. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized trial, we studied 26 patients who had received one of two injections at the end of surgery. The patients in group M(n=11) received 3 mg of morphine intraarticularly; those in group P(n=15), saline 20 ml intraarticularly as a placebo. RESULTS: Patients in the morphine group had significantly lower pain scores throughout the 24-h postoperative period compared with those in the placebo group(P<0.05). There was less requirement for supplementary analgesics in the morphine group. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of intraarticular morphine can significantly reduce pain after knee surgery without any systemic side effect.
Analgesics ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Humans ; Knee* ; Morphine* ; Postoperative Period ; Receptors, Opioid

A 29-year-old man has been presented with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis and brain parenchymal tuberculous nodule. The CSF examination showed the features of subacute meningitis consistent with tuberculosis, and chronic granulomatous inflammation with acid-fast bacilli was found on pleural biopsy. He was treated with anti-tuberculous chemotherapy and showed subjective improvement of the symptoms. But rather rapidly progressive weakness of lower extremities and voiding difficulty were newly developed, and the thoracic spinal MRI showed diffuse epidural abscess along the entire thoracic segment. He showed excellent clinical improvement with additive steroid therapy.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Drug Therapy ; Epidural Abscess* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningitis ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship of MIS and cryptorchidism according to the descending level of testis into scrotum, we studied expression degree of MIS by immunohistochemical analysis using anti-human MIS polyclonal antibody in testicular specimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MIS were stained in excised testis by trauma on each 8 patients as control group and age-matched abdominal, inguinal and prepubic cryptorchidism. The expression were classified as score 1, 2, 3 and 4 according to stained degree of percentage in randomized 16 fields(x400) under the light microscope. RESULTS: Of the degree of MIS expression in control group, 87.5% were category 3 or more. The mean score was 3.13+/-0.62. 2. Of the degree of MIS expression in abdominal type cryptorchid testis group that underwent orchiectomies, 68.7% were category 1. The mean score, 1.31 +/- 0.48, showed significant difference compared to control group(p<0.05). 3. Of the degree of MIS expression in inguinal type,56.2% were category 3 or more. The mean score, 2.63+/- 0.81, showed no significant difference compared to control group(p>0.05). 4. Of the degree of MIS expression in prepubic type, 75.0% were category 3 or more. And the mean score, 2.88+/-0.62, showed no significant difference compared to control group(p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of MIS is different according to descending level of testis and may play a role in physiologic changes of testicular descent.
Cryptorchidism* ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Scrotum ; Testis*