Hemorrhagic characters and hemostatic disorders have been investigated in 106 children with acute leukemia at the National Hospital of Pediatrics from September 1st 2002 to August 30th 2004. Results showed that: bleeding signs on admission were found in 49.1%. With subcutaneous hemorrhages, petechie and bruise in skin were most common, and with mucosa hemorrhages, epistaxis and alveolar hemorrhage were more common but gastrointestinal mucosa hemorrhages and urinary hemorrhages were rare. Thrombocytopenia, prolonged APTT, hypofibrinogenemia, hypoprothrombinemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation accounted for 91.5%, 47.2%, 23.6%, 18.9% and 2.8%, respectively. These disorders were often combined together. Hemorrhagic status related closely with thrombocytopenia. Prolonged APTT, decreased prothrombine rate, and hypofibrinogenemia were contributed to increase of hemorrhagic rate.
Hemostatic Disorders ; Child ; Leukemia

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. Nowadays there have been achievements in treatment for ALL but side effects and toxicities of chemotherapy are still the major causes of death. Objectives: (1) To find out the rate and grades of side effects and toxicities of chemotherapy on blood forming organ of children with ALL ; (2) to study characteristics of toxicity on blood forming organ in phase of chemotherapy. Subjects and methods: 67 patients with ALL were admitted to Hematology and Oncology Departments of National Hospital of Pediatrics and were treated with chemotherapy of CCG (children cancer group) protocol. Grades of myelosuppression were followed by CCG criteria. Results (l) side effects and toxicities on blood forming organ were common and severe: Leucopenia accounted for 95,5% (grades 3 - 4: 83,6%); neutropenia was 100% (grades 3 - 4: 98,5%); thrombocytopenia was 92,5% (grades 3 - 4: 80,6%); anemia accounted for 98,5% (grades 3 - 4: 58,2%); lymphocytopenia was 89,6% (grades 3 - 4: 64,1%); and marked hypocellularity of marrow was 78,8% in the 14th day (grades 3 - 4: 57,4%) but (2) most of them occurred in the first 2 weeks. Conclusion: Side effects and toxicities of chemotherapy on blood forming organ was common and at quite severe levels but mainly occured in the first two weeks\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/ blood

Background: Acute leukemia is a popular cancer in children, accounting for one third of pediatric malignant diseases. 75% of acute leukemia in children is lymphoblastic leukemia. Objective: To study some clinical and hematological characteristics in juveniles who had high risk with ALL. Subjects and method: The study included 164 patients. This was a prospective, descriptive study. Results: The older children were ones with high risk ALL. The symptoms such as fever, splenomegaly and mediastinal mass in high risk ALL patients were often higher than in the standard risk ALL children. White blood cells and lymphoblasts (80.1 +/- 17.8%) in high risk ALL patients were often higher than in the standard risk ALL children. Reduction of hemoglobin concentration and reticulocyte in high risk ALL patients were lower than in the standard risk ALL children. Conclusion: There were many serious prognostic clinical factors about peripheral blood and bone marrow cells in children with high risk ALL.
Leukemia ; ALL ; risk factor