Sixteen strains of LT-producing enterotoxigenic E. coli 0128 which were isolated from diarrheal patient's stool in Pusan University Hospital, were serotyped and analyzed for plasmid DNA profile, MRHA of human blood cells, and also tested for possession of LT, ST, aggA, EAST1 genes by the PCR method and analyzed the RAPD pattern. Screening sensitivity for ETEC by salting out test was 87.5%. These data suggest that hydrophobicity test using salting out is rapid, inexpensive, and simple screening test for ETEC. CFAs were identified in 87.5% of strains; 43.75% the strains harbored CFA/I, 43.75% CFA/II, and 12.5% expressed none of these CFAs. For plasmid profiles, 12 strains had 60 MDa plasmid and several smaller plasmids. The strains showed 5 types of plasmid profiles. By PCR, LT gene but not ST gene was detected from all of the 16 strains EAST1 gene was detected from 14 strains. Ten strains could be differentiated to 3 patterns by chromosomal DNA fingerprint. The chromosomal DNA fingerprinting is considered very useful for the epidemiological study.
Blood Cells ; Busan ; DNA ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli* ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Mass Screening ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Virulence Factors* ; Virulence*

The issues concerning the disability evaluating system in Korea are controversial to say the least. Evaluating systems are so complicated that they continually cause confusion to medical examiners even though they must evaluate patient's medical status accurately, objectively and reasonably to provide adequate compensation for patients. However, controlling associations or educating curricula for disability evaluation are not in place. This study investigates the impending problems of disability evaluation in Korea and discussed what should be done to improve the situations. Social environments, evaluating standards, examiners' capability and education are reviewed in an effort to present an adequate proposals to Korean medical examiners.
Compensation and Redress ; Coroners and Medical Examiners ; Curriculum ; Disability Evaluation ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Korea ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Social Environment

Kallmann's syndrome is characterized by hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism resulting from insufficient release of GnRH and associated with anosmia or hyposmia, which has been related to agenesis of olfactory bulbs. We experienced a case of 17 year-old Kallmann's syndrome woman and a case of successful pregnancy of 29 year-old Kallmann's syndrome woman with hMG and hCG treatment and present two cases with a review of literatures.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Olfaction Disorders ; Olfactory Bulb ; Pregnancy*

This study was undertaker to define the usefuness of preoperative CA-125 assay as a diagnostic bmor marker in differentiating malignancy from benign ovarian mass. Senun CA-125 were imneasured by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay(MEIA) in 94 patients with ovarian mass. The results were of follows ; 1. The mean value of preopentive senun CA-125 was 18.40u/ml in benign ovarian mass and 225.99u/ml in malignant ovarian mass (P<0.001). 2. The positive rete of Ca-125 in benign ovarian mass was 10%, compared 80% in malignant ovarian mass. 3. In analysis of histolovgic type, posisitive rate of serum CA-125 in malignant serous tumor was 82%, cornpared 50% in malignant mucinoins tumor. 2. No statistically significant correlation was observed between CA-125 value and patient's age. 5. The sensitivitiy, specifieity, positive predictive value & negative predictive value were 80%, 90%, 60% & 96%, respectively in cut off value, 35u/ml, And increasing cut off value 65u/ml, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value & negative predictive value were 40%, 96%, 67%, 90%, resqxetively. These data suggest the preperative serum CA-125 level correlate with maignant stattis in ovarian mass. And cut off value 35u/ml was better than 65u/ml in screening for ovarian cancer.
Humans ; Mass Screening ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Patients with cerebrovascular accidents often have abnormal electrocardiograms in the absence of known organic heart disease. In 1901 harvey Cushing has discovered sinus bradycardia in CVA patients. Burch, Myers and Abildskov were the first to report electrocardiographic abnormalities in CVA. Since then many reports have appeared in the literature. This study was done utilizing brain C-T scan to varify and localize the site of CVA, for purposes of correlation of the CVA with abnormalities of electrocardiogram. We obtained the following results. 1. Among 250 cases of CVA, 107 cases were excluded due to pre-existing cardiac disease, abnormal serum electrolyte and early death. 2. Among 143 cases, intracranial hemorrhage were 62.9% and brain infarction were 37.1%. 3. In intracranial hemorrhage, normal electrocardiographic finding were only 4.5%. Q-Tc prolongation revealed 64.5%. 4. In brain infarction, normal electrocardiographic finding was only 5.7%. Q-Tc prologation revealed 64%.
Bradycardia ; Brain ; Brain Infarction ; Electrocardiography* ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Hospitals, Community* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on embryonal development in in vitro culture. METHODS: This is designed in vitro model using eggs from mouse. The eggs from mouse were assigned 29 for control group, 53 for 20 ng/ml of LIF, 88 for 40 ng/ml of LIF, 68 for 80 ng/ml of LIF respectively for in vitro fertilization. And 26 fertilized eggs at 2 cell stage from mouse also were assigned. The mouse embryos of all groups were cultured in medium supplemented with LIF in different concentrations, whereas the eggs in control group was cultured in medium without supplement of LIF. RESULTS: At 72 hours culture of eggs from in vitro fertilization, there was a slight increas in rate of embryonal development to morula in both LIF-20 and LIF-40 as results of 64.15% and 75% respectively, while 42.65% in inferior rate of LIF-80, compare with 51.72% in control group. But the difference between these each groups were not significant in statistically (p< or =0.05). And after 96 hours culture of eggs, the rates blastocyst formation was significantly higher in both LIF-20 and LIF-40 as 56.6% and 63.63% than those in control and LIF-80 as 44.83% and 35.29% respectively. On culturing eggs from in vivo fertilization, the rates of blastocyst formation was significantly not only higher as 85% and 81.81% respectively in medium supplemented with LIF-40 and LIF-80 than 42.3% in LIF-20 but also embryonal cell viability were remakedly improved at 96 hours after culture. CONCLUSION: The LIF in low dose is embryotrophic, but LIF in high dose is embryotoxic on eggs from in vitro fertilization. Whereas on culturing eggs from in vivo fertilization, LIF is more beneficial with dose dependent in high concentration.
Mice ; Animals

PURPOSE: Fine needle aspiration is a safe and relatively accurate procedure for distinguishing benign and malignant lesions. We determined the diagnostic value of ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration using an extension tube and examination by an endocrine surgeon. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 257 consecutive patients receiving surgery for thyroid nodules in the Department of Surgery, Jesus Hospital, from January, 2006, to August, 2008. All patients received ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration with an extension tube. RESULTS: The male to female ratio was 1:5.5. Definitive histopathological diagnosis revealed benign lesions in 120 cases (47%) and malignant lesions in 137 cases (53%). Benign lesions were composed of nodular goiter (102 cases), follicular adenoma (13 cases), and Hashimoto thyroiditis (5 cases). Malignant lesions were composed of papillary carcinoma (131 cases) and follicular carcinoma (6 cases). Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed benign lesions in 103 cases and malignant lesions in 126 cases. The Overall results of ultrasound-guided FNA were: sensitivity, 94.5%, specificity, 95.0%, positive predictive value, 96.0%, negative predictive value, 93.2%, accuracy rate, 94.7%, false negative, 5.4%, and false positive, 4.9%. Most specimens (96.4%) were amenable for diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration is a good method for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. High resolution ultrasound-guided FNA with an extension tube is helpful for obtaining good specimens.
Adenoma ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Goiter, Nodular ; Hashimoto Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Nodule

BACKGROUND: The authors report the results of preserving the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve during unicompartmental knee arthroplasty to prevent lateral skin numbness. METHODS: All 100 cases had medial compartmental osteoarthritis and a minimally invasive technique had been used. The mean follow-up duration was two years and eight months (range, 24 to 42 months). RESULTS: The classification according to the location of this nerve was observed as either Mochida Type I with 76 cases (76%), Type II with 16 cases (16%), and unclassified type with 8 cases (8%). In Type I, the nerve was saved in 62 cases (82%), but could not be preserved in Type II because of the surgical procedure. These results showed that the mean distance from the joint line to the nerve of Type I was 9.13 mm (range, 4 to 15 mm) and the nerve passed inferiorly. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the location of this nerve can be predicted ahead of the procedure, which will help preserve it during the surgery.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypesthesia/etiology/*prevention & control ; *Knee Prosthesis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery ; Skin/*innervation

BACKGROUND: A allergic contact dermatitis has been increasing in the world. The first choice of treatment for the allergic contact dermatitis is topical steroids, but application of topical steroids may lead to many side effects. Physiogel(R) cream, made of ceramide, triglyceride, squalene and others is a moisturizer without any fragnance or preservatives which has effects of normalizing the damaged skin barrier and soothing troubled skin. OBJECTIVES: We carried out this study to evaluate the effects of the Physiogel(R) cream in the treamemt of the allergic contact dermatitis. METHODS: Among the patients clinically suspected to have allergic contact dermatitis due to fragnance or perservatives, patients already diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis were included. On the skin lesions of the right side of individual patients the Physiogel(R) cream was applied twice a day. No topical agents were applied to the lesions of the left side. Two weeks later the clinical improvement of skin lesions was compared. RESULTS: In fourteen (61%) out of 23 patients the Physiogel(R) cream-applied lesions showed significant clinical improvement compared with the control lesions. In cases of atopic dermatitis or seborrheic dermatitis, the ratio of patients in whom the Physiogel(R) cream was efficacious, was 80% or 70% respectively. The skin lesions of all patients of 2nd and 3rd decades were significantly improved by the Physiogel(R) cream. In patients whose skin lesions were not responsive to the Physiogel(R) cream, patch test results showed the highest positive response rate against nickel (20%) and formaldehyde (20%). CONCLUSION: Physiogel(R) cream could be used as well as topical steroids in the treatment of allergic contact dermatitis reducing the risk of side effects due to long-term use of topical steroids.
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Nickel ; Patch Tests ; Skin ; Squalene ; Steroids ; Triglycerides