No abstract available.
Female ; Lactation* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Female ; Lactation* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Female ; Follicular Fluid* ; Humans* ; Mice* ; Oocytes*

No abstract available.
CA-125 Antigen* ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

Nitric oxide ( NO ) is now recognized as a mediator of several biological and immunological functions, but unlike classical neurotransmitters, NO simply diffuse of the postsynaptic cell and around affecting cells. Human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG ), produced by placental trophoblasts may act as stimulator on NO synthesis in oocytes of mouse's ovary. How-ever, in the various organs or cells, the action of hCG on NO synthesis is unknown. We have examined that the effect of hCG on NO synthesis in microglial cells of murine's brain, using the Griess method. And this study was evident that hCG did not induce NO produc-tion without recombinant interferon gamma ( rIFN-gamma), whereas hCG ( 10~500 IU/ml ) with rIFN-gamma effectively produced NO in microglial cells of brain. As result, NO production in microglial cells increased most significantly in dose of 100 IU/ml of the hCG and the pro-duction of NO was dependent on the dose of hCG ( Table 1 and Fig. 1 ). And N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine ( N(G)MMA ), competitive inhibitor of NO synthase, reduced the NO production by hCG stimulation with rIFN-gamma in microglial cells of murine. Conclusively, this study sugge-sted that hCG stimulate NO production at microglial cells in brain, which may be an important factor for mediating immune and neuroendocrinologic regulation in nervous system.
Brain ; Chorionic Gonadotropin* ; Female ; Humans* ; Interferons ; Negotiating ; Nervous System ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitric Oxide* ; Oocytes ; Ovary ; Trophoblasts

No abstract available.
Female ; Fibronectins* ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Plasma* ; Pregnancy*

This study was undertaker to define the usefuness of preoperative CA-125 assay as a diagnostic bmor marker in differentiating malignancy from benign ovarian mass. Senun CA-125 were imneasured by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay(MEIA) in 94 patients with ovarian mass. The results were of follows ; 1. The mean value of preopentive senun CA-125 was 18.40u/ml in benign ovarian mass and 225.99u/ml in malignant ovarian mass (P<0.001). 2. The positive rete of Ca-125 in benign ovarian mass was 10%, compared 80% in malignant ovarian mass. 3. In analysis of histolovgic type, posisitive rate of serum CA-125 in malignant serous tumor was 82%, cornpared 50% in malignant mucinoins tumor. 2. No statistically significant correlation was observed between CA-125 value and patient's age. 5. The sensitivitiy, specifieity, positive predictive value & negative predictive value were 80%, 90%, 60% & 96%, respectively in cut off value, 35u/ml, And increasing cut off value 65u/ml, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value & negative predictive value were 40%, 96%, 67%, 90%, resqxetively. These data suggest the preperative serum CA-125 level correlate with maignant stattis in ovarian mass. And cut off value 35u/ml was better than 65u/ml in screening for ovarian cancer.
Humans ; Mass Screening ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of serum obtained before and after treatment for endometriosis on in vitro fertilization and development of two cell mouse embryo. Design: Pretreatment and posttreatment comparoson of fertilization of mouse oocyte and embryo development in serum supplement form patients with endometriosis; result were compared using Stuent T-test analysis. METHOD: Infertility Clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Collage of Medicine, Won Kwang university, Korea. Patients was chosed eleven consecutive women with endometriosis. Interventions was all patient underwent laparoscopic or conservative surgery. This was followed by a 6-month course of burserelin acetate 900 microgram/d. Main outcome was measured total number of fertilization and embryo that was fertilization after 24 hours and reached blastocyst stage after 72 hours of incubation were compared before and after treatment. RESULT: Before treatment, 47% of the oocyte were fertilized and 31% of the embryo reached blastocyst stage. After treatment, Significantly more fertilized and Significantly more embryo developed to blastocyst on the stage I and II of endometriosis. CONCLUSION: The fertilization and embryo toxicity of serum samples from patients with endometriosis is lost after treatment.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Structures ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Infertility ; Korea ; Mice* ; Obstetrics ; Oocytes* ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: To ananlyze the direct effect of nitric oxide (NO), generated from sodium prusside (SNP) on the embryo developments in reproductive process. DESIGN: ova from mouse were treated to allow fertilization in in vitro culture. And the samples of fertilized ova were alloted into five alliqutos. Each alliquot was cultured in media treated with either concentration at 0 (n=92), 25microM (n=84), 50microM (n=80), 100microM (n=77), 500microM (n=54) of SNP. Main Outcome MEASURE: Rates of embryonal cell cleavages, viability and cell morphology were assessed during in vitro fertilization and culture. RESULTS: As analyse the cell cleavage at 24 hours after in vitro culture of fertilised egg in variuos NO concentration, all of egg cells of each alliquot were developed to 2~4 cell stage. But the alliquot of egg cells treated with 500microM, which were totally degenerated. And also all embryonal cells of each alliquot were developed to 8 cell stage and morula stage on culture continuosly. And the embryonal cells of each alliquot were analysed at 24 and 48 hours following the in vitro culture. The rates of cell fragmentation and fusion were 4.2+/-3.4% in control group which is not treated with NO, while experimental groups was high, as rated 23.4+/-6.2% in 25microM, 28.2+/-5.7% in 50microM and 32.1+/-6.4% in 100microM concentration of NO. Accordingly the rate of abnormal morphology of embryonal cell in control was lower significantly than that in each alliquot of experimental groups (p<0.05). And the degenerated rates of embryonal cells were 0% in control, 17.8+/-6.7% in 25microM, 23.6+/-4.7% in 50microM and 26.8+/-11.2% in 100microM at 8 cells and morula on culture of 48 and 72 hours. On the examination of embryonal cells developed to blastocyst through in vitro culture, the rates of degenerated cells were 16.8+/-7.2% in control, 37.5+/-6.2% in 25microM, 73.4+/-4.6% in 50microM, 100% in 100microM. CONCLUSION: This results suggeted that the No in any concentrations is harmful on embryos in view of morphology as well as viability of cell, and the toxicity of No on embryo is stronger at condition in higher concentration of NO.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Embryonic Structures ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Mice* ; Morula ; Nitric Oxide* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Ovum ; Sodium

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH). METHODS: Five hundred seventy-five cases of PIH and 7,702 cases of normotensive pregnancies who were delivered their infants at Wonkwang University Hospital from January, 1994 to December, 1998 were selected for the study. The data were collected by review of the hospital record and the statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests, and statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. RESULTS: The incidence of PIH was 7.1% of total deliveries. Among the PIH, the incidence of mild preedampsia was found in 59%, severe preeclampsia in 36%, and edampsia in 5%. The most prevalent gestational period was 38-42wks gestation in mild PIH and 33-37wks gestation in severe PIH & eclampsia. The incidence of cesarean section was significantly higher in severe PIH & eclampsia(72.2%) than in mild PIH(48.7%) and normotensive pregnancies(39.7%). The incidence of hypoalbuminemia, preterm labor, placental abruption, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and pulmonary edema were significantly higher in severe PIH & edampsia than in mild PIH and normotensive pregnancies. Compared with normotensive pregnancies or mild PIH, severe PIH & eclampsia had significantly elevated risks for low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal distress, low apgar score, meconium stained, and neonatal deaths. CONCLUSION: The incidence of PIH is not decreasing and it still an important role in the cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity in Korea. So, further studies are necessary to prepare a guide for the treatment of PIH.
Abruptio Placentae ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Fetal Distress ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Meconium ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Pulmonary Edema