No abstract available.
Bronchoscopes*

No abstract available.
Bronchoscopes ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Intubation

No abstract available.
Bronchoscopes ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks

This was a retrospective descriptive study of 105 patients who underwent postoperative endoscopy of the hepatobiliary tract through the T-tube tract. The first 42 consecutive patients (Group A) underwent the procedure from May 1997 to June 1998 wherein a bronchoscope (Pentax 4.9 mm.) was used. The next 63 consecutive patients (Group B) underwent the procedure from July 1998 to August 1999 and a choledoscope (Olympus CHF type P-20) was used. In Group A, 40 patients had retained stones and in Group B, 48 patients had retained stones, for a total of 88 (84%) cases with residual stones diagnosed. The average number of sessions were 5.2 and 2.7 for Group A and Group B, respectively. The clearance rate was 95 percent for Group A and 91.7 per cent for Group B

Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Child ; China ; Humans

Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnosis

BACKGROUND: Accurate knowledge of mainstem bronchial lengths are required to prevent malpositioning of double lumen endobronchial tubes (DLT). Therefore we evaluated the length of the mainstem bronchus in Korean adults who had no abnormalities in both mainstem bronchus. METHODS: Two-hundred Thirty-seven patients were composed of One-hundred one males and One- hundred Thirty-six females who underwent elective surgery. After an endotracheal tube was placed, we measured the length from the upper incisor to the tracheal carina, the right mainstem bronchial carina, and the left mainstem bronchial carina using a fiberoptic bronchoscope. RESULTS: The lengths from the upper incisor to the carina of a male and female were 26.8 +/- 1.8 cm and 23.6 +/- 1.9 cm respectively, and the correlations between their length and height are significant for male and female (r = 0.32, P < 0.01 and r = 0.56, p < 0.0001). The lengths from the upper incisor to the right mainstem bronchial carina of male and female were 29.0 2.0 cm and 25.3 2.2 cm respectively, and the correlations between their length and height are significant for male and female (r = 0.39, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.59, P < 0.0001). The lengths from the upper incisor to the left mainstem bronchial carina of male and female were 32.0 2.1 cm and 28.5 2.1 cm respectively, and the correlations between their length and height are significant for male and female (r = 0.45, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.60, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We found that as the height of patients increased, the length from the upper incisor to the carina, the right mainstem bronchial carina, and the left mainstem bronchial carina increased. Nevertheless,it should be understood that the length of DLT insertion at any given height is still normally distributed, and correct DLT positioning should always be confirmed fiberoptically after the initial placement.
Adult* ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopes* ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Male

Adolescent ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant

BACKGROUND: Double lumen endobronchial tube and single lumen tube with bronchial blocker are most frequently used tubes for one lung anesthesia. This study compared the double lumen endobronchial tube with the single lumen tube with bronchial blocker to determine whether there were objective advantages of one over the other during one lung anesthesia. METHODS: Sixty patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Thirty patients were intubated with a left-sided double lumen endobronchial tube, and thirty patients were intubated with a single lumen tube with bronchial blocker. Each group was subdivided into two groups with a person intubating (i,e, certified anesthesiologist or resident) to compare the easiness of intubation according to the type of tube. Fiberoptic flexible bronchoscope was used in all patients. The following were studied 1) time required to position each tube until satisfactory placement achieved, 2) frequency of malposition after initial placement with fiberoptic bronchoscopy, 3) surgical exposure ranked by surgeons blinded to type of tube used, 4) easiness of tracheobronchial toilet (TBT). RESULTS: 1) Statistically significant differences were observed in time required to place each tube by resident(double lumen tube 5.73+/- 0.48 min. versus single lumen tube with bronchial blocker 4.18+/-0.70 min (P<0.05) and in easiness of TBT (double lumen tube 18/30 versus single lumen tube with bronchial blocker 27/30) (P<0.05). 2) No differences were observed in time required to position each tube by anesthesiologist, the frequency of malposition and surgical exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Single lumen tube with bronchial blocker is better in easiness of intubation by resident and in easiness of TBT than double lumen endobronchial tube. But the selection of two tubes depends upon type of surgery and familiarity of each tube by the anesthesiologist.
Anesthesia* ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; Humans ; Intubation ; Lung* ; Recognition (Psychology)

To minimize morbidity arising from airway management related to anesthesia, the anesthesiologist performs a through history and physical examination and approaches all patients with well-through-out plans for various eventualities. Numerous anatomic and pathologic abnormalities may lead to difficult tracheal intubation. Failed tracheal intubation is frustrating, increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration, and may contribute to organ ischemia and then it imminently endangers the patients life and necessitates invasive approaches to ventilation. Use of the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope has become an essential skill for anesthesiologists confronted with anatomic or physiologic abnormalities of the upper airway. The widespread availability of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope has allowed anesthesiologists to use fiberoptic techniques eariler in airway instrumentation and, thereby, avoid failed intubation and trauma to the airway. This review will focus on practical information that will aid in successful utilization of fiberoptic bronchoscope.
Airway Management ; Anesthesia ; Bronchoscopes ; Humans ; Intubation ; Ischemia ; Physical Examination ; Ventilation