Background: Effect of salbutamol nebulization in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in infants is contraverse. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate effect of salbutamol nebulization in infants with bronchiolitis. Subjects and method: Patients were divided into two groups. Treatment group was given salbutamol nebulization with dose of 0.15mg/kg/time, with 2ml sodium 0.9%, 2 times with 30 minute interval and control group. Indicators including Sa02, heart rate and respiratory rate were measured before and after nebuliser of salbutamol. These indicators were compared at times before nebulizing (T1) and after 15 minute (T2), 30 minute (T3), 60 minute (T4). Clinical trends and mean treatment days were compared between two groups. Results: There were 80 infants under 1 year old with bronchiolitis studied from July 2004 to July 2005. Of whom, there were 53 (66.3%) male and 27 (33.7) female. Mean age was 5.4 \xb1 2.69 months. There were 59 infants with mild and moderate forms and 21 infants with severe one. There were 47 infants treated by salbutamol nebulization and 33 infants in the control group. No significant difference of clinical trends and avarage treatment days were found between two groups. Conclusion: Salbutamol nebulization showed no effect on the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in infants.
Bronchiolitis/ therapy ; Albuterol/ diagnostic use

Diffuse panbronchiolitis is a new respiratory tract disease and was initially found in Japan. Strong association between race-dependent antigens and diffuse panbronchiolitis suggests a genetic predisposition to the disease. 14-member ring and 15-member ring macrolides have been proved to have significant therapeutical effect on diffuse panbronchiolitis. The discovery of diffuse panbronchiolitis and the advent of macrolide therapy for this disease suggests that clinicians should pay more attention to racial difference of some diseases and never overlook any accidental phenomenon in clinical practice.
Bronchiolitis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Macrolides ; therapeutic use

Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Child ; Humans

Child ; Humans ; Consensus ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans/therapy*

Bronchiolitis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; therapy ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; epidemiology ; pathology ; therapy ; Child ; Haemophilus Infections ; epidemiology ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is often diagnosed in patients with pneumonia who respond poorly to antibiotics. BOOP is often idiopathic, and the etiology of the remaining cases has been attributed to a wide range of agents or medical conditions. When a patient develops the clinical symptoms characteristic of BOOP, the medical team must endeavor to determine the etiology of this disease because it can be treated with glucocorticoid and avoidance of the causative agent. In particular, if BOOP is diagnosed during or after chemotherapy for a malignancy, the possible culprit agent can be the anti cancer drugs but other drugs used for supportive care must be also be considered. We report a case of BOOP that arose after CHOP chemotherapy and a filgrastim injection in a patient with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; B-Lymphocytes* ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans* ; Bronchiolitis* ; Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia* ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Pneumonia ; Filgrastim

OBJECTIVEBronchitis obliterans is a severe and extremely rare complication of respiratory tract infections in children and is characterized by massive atelectasis and collapse of the affected lung.

METHODThe clinical manifestations, characteristic imaging of two cases with bronchitis obliterans were summarized.

RESULTThese two cases complained of cough and episodes of wheezing with exercise. Chest auscultation revealed bronchial breath sounds on the right side. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan showed atelectasis of the right lung and dilated central airways. Mycoplasma complement fixation antibody (CF-Ab) titer was 1:320. The diagnosis of bronchitis obliterans was made according to the current diagnostic criteria. They were treated with low-dose erythromycin [5 mg/(kg × d)], ultrasonically nebulized Pulmicort inhalation, and regular bronchoscopic lavage. Follow-up of the two cases showed that case one had a partial lung re-expansion after six months, but case two had no significant improvement.

CONCLUSIONIn the process of diagnosis of atelectasis, bronchitis obliterans should be noticed. A conservative treatment is effective in certain cases, but pneumonectomy or lobectomy should only be considered as the last option.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the clinical effect of azithromycin (AZM) adjuvant therapy in children with bronchiolitis. METHODS: Related databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on AZM adjuvant therapy in children with bronchiolitis published up to February 17, 2019. RevMan 5.3 was used to perform the Meta analysis. RESULTS: A total of 14 RCTs were included, with 667 children in the intervention group and 651 in the control group. The pooled effect size showed that in the children with bronchiolitis, AZM adjuvant therapy did not shorten the length of hospital stay (MD=-0.29, 95%CI: -0.62 to 0.04, P=0.08) or oxygen supply time (MD=-0.33, 95%CI: -0.73 to 0.07, P=0.10), while it significantly shortened the time to the relief of wheezing (MD=-1.00, 95%CI: -1.72 to -0.28, P=0.007) and cough (MD=-0.48, 95%CI: -0.67 to -0.29, P<0.00001). The analysis of bacterial colonization revealed that AZM therapy significantly reduced the detection rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (OR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.11-0.54, P=0.0006), Haemophilus (OR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.14-0.55, P=0.0002), and Moraxella catarrhalis (OR=0.21, 95%CI: 0.11-0.40, P<0.00001) in the nasopharyngeal region. CONCLUSIONS AZM adjuvant therapy can reduce the time to the relief of wheezing and cough in children with bronchiolitis, but it has no marked effect on the length of hospital stay and oxygen supply time.
Azithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Bronchiolitis ; drug therapy ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Respiratory Sounds

A 34-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to fever and cough. He received the combination anti-cancer chemotherapy for testicular tumor, including bleomycin. The chest X-ray showed consolidation and ground glass opacity on the right upper lobe and subpleural areas of other lobes. This condition was initially misdiagnosed as a pneumonia, but consolidation did not disappear after antibiotics treatment. We performed transbronchial lung biopsy and bleomycin induced pulmonary toxicity was confirmed. The bleomycin induced lung injury is the most common chemotherapeutically induced pulmonary disease. Bleomycin induced Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia(BOOP) is less common than interstitial pneumonitis and respond well to corticosteroid treatment.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy ; Bleomycin ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans* ; Bronchiolitis* ; Cough ; Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia* ; Drug Therapy ; Fever ; Glass ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; Lung Injury ; Pneumonia ; Thorax

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bronchiolitis ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged